HCCA1在原发性肝癌中的表达及其意义

目的 对近期克隆的新基因HCCA1与肝癌的相关性进行研究。方法 采用Northern杂交分析HCCA1 mRNA在肝癌中的表达,应用制备的特异性抗体检测其蛋白水平的表达,结合临床及病理学资料进行分析。结果 65例HCC患者在其癌组织中HCCA1 mRNA表达的检出率为90.8％（59／65）,其中91.5%(54/59)患者HCCA1 mRNA在肝癌组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁组织,有13.8%(9/65)患者在癌旁组织中检测到较弱的HCCA1 mRNA的表达,86.2％（56／65）患者在癌旁组织中未检测到HCCA1 mRNA的,与病理指标的相关性分析表明,HCCA1 mRNA在Ⅲ-Ⅳ级肝癌中的表达水平明显高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ级肝癌,有门脉癌栓形成者的表达水平明显高于无癌栓形成者。免疫组织化学在蛋白水平上证实HCCA1在肝癌中的高表达。结论 HCCA1是一个新的肝癌相关基因,可能在肝癌的浸润和转移中起重要作用。     

脑溢安对血红蛋白损伤神经元神经生长因子和白细胞介素1β表达的影响

目的：观察脑溢安对体外培养神经元血红蛋白损伤后的保护作用及神经生长因子与白细胞介素-1表达的影响。方法：以50umol/L^-1血红蛋白造成培养海马神经元损伤,运用活细胞计数、Northern杂交、酶联免疫检测神经元存活数量、神经生长因子与白细胞介素-1mRNA及其蛋白表达水平。结果：体外培养大鼠海马神经元在含2%牛血清的培养液中可存活5个月以上。加入50umol.L^-1血红蛋白培养24h神经元死亡率为38.5%。同时加入脑溢安药液能显著降低神经元死亡率。血红蛋白可引起培养神经元白细胞介素-1mRNA与蛋白表达水平显著升高及神经生长因子的短暂升高,脑溢安能降低白细胞介素-1表达,维持神经生长因子持续表达。结论：脑溢安对血红蛋白损伤神经元具有保护作用,其机理与调节神经元白细胞素-1表达,维持神经生长因子持续表达。结论：脑溢安对血红蛋白损伤神经元具有保护作用。其机理与调节神经元白细胞素-1、神经生长因子表达有关。     

乳腺癌组织中—p—MAPK活化对c—fos和c—jun的激活作用

OBJECTIVE: This paper was to investigate the relationship between expression of p-MAPK and oncogenesis of breast cancer. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of p-MAPK and c-fos and c-jun proteins in 68 cases of breast cancers, 42 cases of pericarcinomatous tissues and 7 cases of normal breast tissues. RESULTS: Positive stainings of p-MAPK, c-fos, and c-jun were localized in cancer cell nuclei. The positive rates of p-MAPK, c-fos, and c-jun were 86.8% (59/68), 82.4% (56/68), and 77.9% (53/68), respectively, which were much higher than that in pericarcinomatous tissues (P < 0.01). Of some cases, p-MAPK positive staining was also found in the nuclei of the fibroblastic and angioendothelial cells of cancer stroma. CONCLUSION: Activated or overexpressive MAPK activates the immediately-early oncogenes(c-fos, c-jun), which might play an important role in carcinogenesis of breast cancer and be an early event of oncogenesis of breast cancer.     

老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者内皮细胞损伤和血小板活化的研究

目的：研究老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者、老年高血压病患者的内皮细胞损伤、血小板活化和炎症因子改变。方法：选择28例老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者（发病72h内）、31例I,Ⅱ期老年高血压病患者和28例老年正常对照,测定其血浆von Willebrand因子（vWF)、α颗粒膜蛋白-140（GMP-140）和血清C反应蛋白（CRP）含量。结果：老年高血压病并发脑梗死组血头vWF含量、GMP-140含量和血清CRP含量均明显高于老年高血压病组及老年正常对照组;老年高血压病组血浆vWF含量、GMP-140含量亦明显高于老年正常对照组,血清CRP含量较老年正常对照组高,但差异无显著性。结论：老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者慧明显的内皮细胞损伤、血小板活化和炎症改变;I,Ⅱ期老年高血压病患者亦有明显的内皮细胞损伤和血小板活化。     

72例多发性骨髓瘤单克隆蛋白分析

Serum and urinary monoclonal proteins (M protein) were measured in 72 cases of multiple myeloma (MM) using rate nephelometry. In IgG and IgA types of MM, the level of immunoglobulin (Ig) corresponding to the malignant isotype was significantly higher and that of Ig uncorresponding to the malignant isotype lower than the normal level. The light chain corresponding to the malignant isotype in serum was increased and the light chain uncorresponding to that in serum was decreased either kappa-IgG, IgA types or lambda-IgG, IgA types. Either kappa-LC or lambda-LC type of MM, the serum light chain corresponding to the malignant isotype was in the normal range and uncorresponding to that was decreased, and the corresponding light chain in urine was significantly elevated. Kappa/lambda ratio in serum and urine was all significantly abnormal in IgG, IgA, and LC types of MM. Our data suggest that any quota among kappa light chain > 20 g.L-1 or < 5 g.L-1, lambda light chain > 10 g.L-1 or < 2 g.L-1 in serum and kappa/lambda ratio > 5 or < 0.75 in serum and urine has an important value for diagnosing MM.     

肝细胞癌发生中丙型肝炎病毒NS3蛋白对诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate hepatocarcinogenesis by detecting the effect of HCV NS3 protein on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pericarcinomatous liver tissues(PCLT). METHODS: The expression of HCV NS3 protein and iNOSmRNA was detected by immunohistochemical technique (SP method) and in situ hybridization in specimens of HCC and PCLT from 52 patients with HBV(-). The relationship between the positive rate and the signal strength was tested statistically. RESULTS: The positive rate of HCV NS3 protein in HCC was lower (46.2% vs. 67.3%), and signal strength was weaker than those in PCLT. The signal strength of HCV NS3 protein was correlated with the degree of carcinomatous cells differentiation in HCC (P < 0.01). The positive rates (80.8% and 90.4%) of iNOSmRNA in HCC and PCLT had no statistical difference. Signal intensity of iNOSmRNA in HCC was weaker than that in PCLT. The higher HCVNS3 protein expression level was, the stronger iNOSmRNA signals in PCLT (P < 0.01). In particular, the localization and patterns of HCV NS3 protein were much similar to those of iNOSmRNA in the PCLT of some patients. CONCLUSIONS: HCV NS3 protein may exert its hepatocarcinogenic effect in the early stage on host cells by increasing product of nitric oxide, which may bring about transformation of hepatocytes.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形及支架术对冠心病患者QT离散度的影响

目的：探讨经皮冠状动脉腔内成形及支架术（PTCA Stent）对冠心病患者QT间期离散度（QTd)的影响。方法：对42例成功进行PTCA Stent的冠心病患者,进行术前、后12导联同步心电图QTd及校正后QTd(QTcd)测定。结果：术后QTd及QTcd均明显减少（P＜0.01),单支病变与多支病变术前QTd及QTcd无明显差别（P＞0.05),术后单支病变QTd及QTcd的降低程度显著大于多支病变（P＜0.01)。9例伴室性心律失常者术后该症状消失。结论：冠心病患者QTd及TQcd在PTCA Stent术后随着心肌缺血及心室复极不均一性的改善而降低,其降低程度可能与侧支循环建立开放有关。     

空回肠出血诊断分析

目的：探讨空回肠出血的病因及诊断方法的选择。方法：33例空回肠出血患者分别行胃镜、结肠镜、全消化道钡餐、核素扫描、血管造影、剖腹探查及术中肠镜等单项或多项检查。手术及病检证实。结果：33例患者中,小肠肿瘤占13例（39.39%),以平滑肌瘤多见,小肠感染性疾病8例（24.24%),Meckel‘s憩室7例（21.21%),血管病变（包括血管瘤）3例（9.1%),其它2例（6.06%),其临床表现为不同程度的消化道出血,黑便多见(42.42%),约1/3的患者伴有腹痛,以中度贫血为多见(48.48%).核素扫描检查7例,5例均发现小肠出血部位.经手术和病理检查证实均为Meckel‘s憩室;胃镜和/或结肠镜检查20例,5例提示小肠病变;剖腹探查6例,其中1例蓝色橡皮疱痣血管瘤、1例血管畸形、1例坏死性小肠炎,3例经术中肠镜发现1例副伤寒、1例空肠平滑肌瘤、1例肠道钩虫病。结论：空回肠出血以肿瘤为最常见病因,对不明原因的中度贫血伴黑便者应高度怀疑小肠病变,核素检查对诊断Meckel‘s憩室阳性率高。     

绝经后骨质疏松大鼠模型的综合评价

利用双能X线骨密度仪、扫描电镜和骨生物力学试验综合评价大鼠去卵巢后的骨骼状况。结果显示：①大鼠卵巢切除后,活体、离体腰椎以及股骨（除R3区）、胫骨近端干骺端（R1区）的离体骨密度显著下降（P＜0.01),离体L5和L6的骨丢失率最大,达13%;②骨小梁减少、变细,连接中断,骨小梁表面有吸收陷窝;③腰椎压缩强度和股骨力学性均下降,前者更明显,腰椎最大压缩力下降率达33.32%。提示：①类似于绝经后妇女,6月龄大鼠在卵巢切除4个月后骨量和骨质量均下降,特别在富含松质骨的部位,如腰椎、股骨远端等;②利用绝经后骨质疏松大鼠模型评价骨质疏松新药的有效性,应包括该新药对骨量、骨结构和骨强度的作用。     

氯沙坦、福辛普利对高血压大鼠心肌纤维化、血管紧张素Ⅱ及左室重构的影响

目的：评价氯沙坦、福辛普利对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心肌纤维化=、左室重构及血浆和心肌组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ的效应。方法：16周龄SHR随机分为3组,即氯沙坦治疗组（SHR-L组）、福辛普利治疗组（SHR-F组）、空白对照组（SHR-C组）,每组各10只。分别采用病理检查及放射免疫测定方法对治疗8周、16周的SHR心肌胶原容积分数（CVF）和心肌血管周围胶原面积（PVCA）、血浆和组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ进行检测。结果：在治疗8周、16周后,两治疗组的收缩压较对照组均有明显下降;治疗组组间比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05);心脏重量（HW）、心脏重量指数（HWI）、左室重量（LVW）、左室重量指数（LVMI）均有显著性改善,且治疗16周后SHR-F组较SHR-L组LVMI显著性降低（P＜0.05)。两治疗组CVF和PVCA与对照组比较明显下降（P＜0.01)。治疗16周后SHR-F组CVF较SHR-L组下降更明显。SHR-L组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ显著增加,而SHR-F组心肌组织AngⅡ显著下降,但对血浆AngⅡ无明显影响。结论：氯沙坦、福辛普利均能有效逆转心脏肥厚及抗心肌纤维化,以福辛普利作用显著。其作用机制可能与拮抗心肌组织中肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAS）效应有关。