癫痫病人MRI海马结构体积测定

目的测量正常成人及癫痫病人海马结构（ＨＦ）体积，探讨其在颞叶癫痫（ＴＬＥ）致痫灶定侧中的价值。材料与方法本组包括５２例正常成人及８９例癫痫病人，把病人分为三组：继发性癫痫４８例、特发颞叶外癫痫１５例、ＴＬＥ２６例，后者有２２例为顽固性癫痫。均作垂直于海马长轴的冠状位自旋回波（ＳＥ）序列Ｔ１加权像、ＴｕｒｂｏＳＥＴ２加权像，测量颞叶、ＨＦ体积和颞角、环池宽度，肉眼观察Ｔ２加权像海马信号强度改变。采用ＨＦ体积绝对值对ＴＬＥ定侧。结果获取了正常成人ＨＦ体积。２２例ＴＬＥＨＦ体积缩小，其中３例为双侧性；６例ＨＦ硬化经手术、病理证实，１例体积正常且致痫灶位于ＨＦ周围者ＨＦ硬化轻，８例其他类型癫痫病人ＨＦ体积略小，ＴＬＥ致痫灶定侧的敏感性为８５％，特异性为８７％。３例ＴＬＥ病人同侧前颞叶萎缩；部分ＴＬＥ病侧颞角、环池宽度增加；萎缩明显的ＨＦＴ２加权像信号弥漫性增高。结论ＨＦ体积缩小、Ｔ２加权像信号弥漫性增高是ＨＦ硬化萎缩的直接征象，与病变严重程度、致痫灶在颞叶的部位有关，前颞叶萎缩和颞角、环池增宽是ＨＦ硬化的辅助征象。ＨＦ萎缩不仅是颞叶癫痫的主要原因，也可能是其他类型癫痫发作的结果     

睾丸神经内分泌癌的临床病理分析

目的探讨睾丸小细胞神经内分泌癌的临床病理特征和生物学行为。方法回顾分析睾丸小细胞神经内分泌癌1例并复习有关文献予以讨论。结果患者术前未得到明确的病理诊断,术后2周恢复良好,痊愈出院。出院3周后右腋窝淋巴结转移,7周后全身转移死亡。病理检查：肿瘤细胞表达神经内分泌标记物神经原特异性烯醇酶、嗜铬粒蛋白A和突触素。结论睾丸小细胞神经内分泌癌是一种比较少见的高度恶性肿瘤,有独特的病理形态,早期即可发生转移,预后凶险,死亡率高。     

婴儿腹股沟斜疝的手术治疗体会

腹股沟斜疝是小儿外科常见疾病。1岁以内婴儿腹股沟斜疝可出现反复嵌顿现象,对睾丸血供造成一定影响,需早期手术治疗。我院于2000年11月-2005年11月共施行1岁以内婴儿腹股沟斜疝手术86例,取得良好疗效,现报告如下。     

The FAPα-activated prodrug Z-GP-DAVLBH inhibits the growth and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the AXL pathway

Osteosarcoma is a kind of bone tumor with highly proliferative and invasive properties, a high incidence of pulmonary metastasis and a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for osteosarcoma. Currently, there are no molecular targeted drugs approved for osteosarcoma treatment, particularly effective drugs for osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastases. It has been reported that fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAPα) is upregulated in osteosarcoma and critically associated with osteosarcoma progression and metastasis, demonstrating that FAPα-targeted agents might be a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma. In the present study, we reported that the FAPα-activated vinblastine prodrug Z-GP-DAVLBH exhibited potent antitumor activities against FAPα-positive osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Z-GP-DAVLBH inhibited the growth and induced the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Importantly, it also decreased the migration and invasion capacities and reversed epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and suppressed pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma xenografts in vivo. Mechanistically, Z-GP-DAVLBH suppressed the AXL/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway, leading to inhibition of the growth and metastatic spread of osteosarcoma cells. These findings demonstrate that Z-GP-DAVLBH is a promising agent for the treatment of FAPα-positive osteosarcoma, particularly osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastases.KEY WORDS: Osteosarcoma, Fibroblast activation protein alpha, Growth, Pulmonary metastasis, Vinblastine prodrug, AXL, β-Catenin     

脑血管病的介入治疗及术前评估

脑血管病病死率已上升到疾病死因的第三位,脑卒中或中风(Stroke)发病率达150~200/10万,其中80%为缺血性中风(脑血栓、脑栓塞等)。现代医学已证实约1/3的脑中风是由颅内外脑动脉狭窄、栓子脱落所致。国外2个大样本的临床研究表明,颈动脉狭窄同侧发生缺血性脑卒中事件的机率约为90%~95%,且易发生进行性卒中[1],除颅外颈动脉狭窄所致中风外,8%~10%缺血性中风是由颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄导致。在亚洲、非洲及西班牙裔的人群,这个比例更高[2]。国内大组病例研究发现,171例脑动脉狭窄的中风患者中颅内动脉狭窄的发生率(80.7%)明显高于颅外动脉(56…     

东乡族成人低骨量与肌少症相关的肌肉质量下降的相关性研究

目的 分析甘肃省东乡族成人骨量与骨骼肌量变化规律,探讨骨量降低与肌少症相关的肌肉质量下降之间的关系。方法 对甘肃省东乡族432例(男性198例,女性234例)成人骨密度、骨强度及四肢骨骼肌量进行测量及数据分析,不同年龄段多组比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用LSD法,相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析。结果 (1)东乡族成年男性骨强度指数及骨骼肌质量指数峰值出现在40～岁、女性出现在20～岁年龄组。(2)东乡族成人不同年龄段均出现低骨量与肌少症相关的肌肉质量下降情况。(3)骨量减少会导致骨强度指数及骨骼肌质量指数降低。(4)骨量异常情况下肌少症相关的肌肉质量下降明显。(5)骨量降低与年龄、骨强度指数、骨骼肌质量指数显著相关。结论 骨量减少与肌少症相关的肌肉质量下降显著相关,骨量异常是肌少症前期发生的一个危险因素。     

大鼠同种骨髓间充质细胞门静脉输注对肝大部分切除肝衰模型术后肝功能、生存率的影响

目的 观察大鼠同种骨髓间充质细胞(BMSCs)经门静脉肝内移植对80％肝切除肝衰竭模型术后肝功能、生存率的影响.方法 通过80％肝切除建立大鼠边缘肝衰竭模型,经门静脉输注绿荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的第5代(P5)大鼠同种MSC,观察BMSCs肝内移植对肝大部分切除边缘肝衰竭模型术后生存率、肝功能的影响.结果 术后7d内的存活率:MSC组72.2％( 13/18)、对照组44.4％ (8/18).MSC组的存活率明显高于对照组(72.2％比44.4％,P＜0.05;MSC组大鼠术后肝功能恢复情况明显优于对照组(P＜0.05);MSC组肝组织中可观察到移植的细胞.结论 经门静脉的BMSCs移植可促进80％肝切除边缘肝衰竭大鼠的肝功能恢复和提高生存率.     

Ulinastatin attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor alpha

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury may influence graft function following transplantation. Ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor has been shown to attenuate I/R injury in various organs such as intestine, heart, and kidney in animals. The present experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with ulinastatin on I/R-induced lung injury. METHODS: After establishing a constant left lung warm ischemia-reperfusion model in rats, 45 animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups: sham group (n = 15), IR group (n = 15), and ulinastatin (5000 U/kg pre-ischemia) + IR group (n = 15). The lung injury was evaluated by tissue myeloperoxidase activity, with simultaneous estimation of the serum concentration of TNFalpha. RESULTS: The ulinastatin-pretreated animals exhibited markedly decreased lung tissue myeloperoxidase activity (P < .05). Blood gas analysis demonstrated, that the treated animals had significantly ameliorated pulmonary oxygenation (P < .05). The serum concentration of TNF-alpha in the ulinastatin-pretreated group was markedly decreased compared with that of the I/R group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Ulinastatin attenuated I/R-induced lung injury. This function is partly related to the capacity of the agent to inhibit myeloperoxidase activity in lung tissue and decrease systemic expression to TNF-alpha.     

肿瘤中医“耗散病机假说”的建立和固摄法的提出

在反复探索传统中医对肿瘤认识的基础上,结合现代肿瘤理论和非线性平衡理论,从一个新的角度对肿瘤的本质进行分析,提出了中医肿瘤“耗散病机假说”与固摄法。中医肿瘤“耗散病机假说”从更深层次揭示中医肿瘤病机的本质所在,即一方面肿瘤患者自始至终表现正气耗散、正虚失于固摄的过程,另一方面癌毒本身具有易于扩散转移的特性。固摄法正是中医肿瘤“耗散病机假说”的临床具体应用的结果。研究显示:固摄法能有效提高肿瘤患者的生活质量,明显延长肿瘤患者的生存周期,减轻放、化疗的毒副反应。实验研究表明:固摄法能有效提高免疫功能,抑制肿瘤生长,抗肿瘤转移复发,对肿瘤新生血管有明显抑制作用。