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41.
对加强药品配送机构监督管理的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
国家食品药品监督管理局在《关于全面开展加强农村药品监督网络建设促进农村药品供应网络建设工作的指导意见》中明确指出:“为配合药品配送、连锁进县到乡,各省(区、市)食品药品监督部门可以进行建立区域性药品配送站的研究和指导。在进行研究和探索过程中,鼓励将基层的药品批发企业改组成区域性药品配送站”。 相似文献
42.
Hong Wang Venkatraman Siddharthan Jeffery O. Hall John D. Morrey 《Journal of neurovirology》2009,15(4):293-299
Prior findings led us to hypothesize that West Nile virus (WNV) preferentially transports along motor axons instead of sensory
axons. WNV is known to undergo axonal transport in cell culture and in infected hamsters to infect motor neurons in the spinal
cord. To investigate this hypothesis, WNV was injected directly into the left sciatic nerve of hamsters. WNV envelope-staining
in these hamsters was only observed in motor neurons of the ipsilateral ventral horn of the spinal cord, but not in the dorsal
root ganglion (DRG). To evaluate the consequence of motor neuron infection by WNV, the authors inoculated wheat germ agglutinin—horseradish
peroxidase (WGA-HRP) 9 days after WNV sciatic nerve injection, and stained the spinal cord and the DRG for HRP activity 3
days later. The degree of HRP-staining in DRG was the same in WNV- and sham-infected animals, but the HRP-staining in the
motor neuron in the ventral horn was considerably less for WNV-infected hamsters. To investigate the mechanism of WNV transport,
hamsters were treated with colchicine, an inhibitor of membranous microtubule-mediated transport. The intensity of the WNV-stained
area in the spinal cord of colchicine-treated hamsters at 6 days after WNV infection were significantly reduced (P≤.05) compared to the placebo-treated hamsters. These data suggest that WNV is preferentially transported through the motor
axons, but not the sensory axons, to subsequently infect motor neurons and cause motor weakness and paralysis. 相似文献
43.
44.
A case of untreated fusarial onychomycosis leading to serious consequences is reported. Fusarium solani is a widespread fungus and an occasional human pathogen. It usually invades rapidly in immunocompromised hosts, and often results in a poor outcome despite treatment. We report a woman with diabetes mellitus who had untreated fusarial infection of the nails, which developed into subcutaneous fusariosis, superinfected by bacteria, and then evolved into osteomyelitis that subsequently resulted in septic shock. Early management of mycotic nails in immunocompromised hosts is crucial to prevent life‐threatening disease. 相似文献
45.
M P McMurry P N Hopkins R Gould K Engelbert-Fenton C Schumacher L L Wu R R Williams 《Journal of the American Dietetic Association》1991,91(1):57-65
We have developed a unique, family-oriented approach to lowering plasma cholesterol concentrations in persons with familial hyperlipidemias. The approach includes individual clinic visits and group nutrition classes and uses dietary goals outlined in The New American Diet. A series of 13 nutrition classes is presented to small groups, usually composed of relatives from pedigrees with familial hypercholesterolemia or other familial hyperlipidemias. Dietary action goals, cooking demonstrations, food tasting, and finger-stick plasma cholesterol determinations are important components of the classes. Problem-solving discussion is encouraged in the group. Over the past 4 years, 143 hyperlipidemic individuals, along with at least 94 unaffected family members, have participated in 31 groups, which have met for at least six classes. Many clinic participants lower plasma cholesterol by 20% or more. Keys to the success of this program include emphasizing dietary therapy, using the family setting for nutrition intervention, providing hands-on experience with food and recipes, promoting problem solving for dietary action goals, measuring blood cholesterol during classes, and encouraging long-term follow-up for participants with physicians and dietitians. 相似文献
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47.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Thyroidectomy is a common treatment for thyroid disorders in Taiwan, and constitutes a significant percentage of medical expenses. This study investigated the characteristics of thyroidectomy in Taiwan. METHODS: A total of 21 senior general surgeons from 16 medical centers and 5 regional hospitals participated. One surgeon from each hospital reviewed the hospital's medical records of thyroid operations performed in the year 2001. Medical records for 3846 thyroidectomies were retrospectively analyzed, including surgical indications and modalities, complications, pathology reports, and the use of antibiotics. RESULTS: Most of the patients were women (85%). Indications for surgery included proven malignancy (9%), suspicious malignancy (30%), evident compression symptoms (20%), hyperthyroidism (20%), and cosmetic reasons (12%). The majority of patients (78%) underwent a surgical procedure with lobectomy or bilateral thyroidectomy; 13% had unilateral partial thyroidectomy. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered in 46% of procedures, and continued postoperatively in 12%. Postoperative complications occurred in 12% of patients. Hypocalcemia was the most common complication (8%), and its incidence was significantly correlated with the frequency of total thyroidectomy (p < 0.01). Complete pathology reports for the thyroidectomized specimens were available in only 65% of the cases. The frequency of cosmetic reasons for surgery, unilateral subtotal resection, routine antibiotic administration, and incomplete pathology reports were significantly higher in regional hospitals than in medical centers. CONCLUSIONS: Reduction in the high rates of cosmetic reasons for surgery, unilateral partial thyroidectomy, incomplete pathology reports, and use of antibiotic prophylaxis are needed to improve the quality of thyroidectomy in Taiwan. 相似文献
48.
Pneumocephalus is a very rare complication of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). A 66-year-old man developed pneumocephalus secondary to thoracoscopic excision of a neurogenic tumor in the posterior mediastinum. Pneumocephalus was diagnosed by brain computed tomography. Neurosurgical intervention was performed after conservative therapy had failed. The patient's condition had resolved without any neurologic sequelae 2 years later. When a patient has a relatively large amount of chest tube drainage and neurologic symptoms after VATS, the possibility of pneumocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage must be considered. 相似文献
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50.
我们现在要尽量使这些治疗方法进入临床试验证明他们的可行性现在脊髓损伤的临床试验基金很有限,所以只有很少的这些治疗方法真正用于病人主要的制药厂开始对脊髓损伤治疗产生兴趣,我们现在还有很多工作要做,但是前景方向十分清楚,我们需要努力快速的工作。 相似文献