骨髓间充质干细胞移植入脑缺血大鼠侧脑室后的迁移及分化:免疫荧光标记

目的:骨髓间充质干细胞可以分化成神经细胞替代受损组织,并可分泌生长因子和营养因子来促进其体内细胞的存活和分化。实验将体外扩增和Hoechst33342标记的骨髓间充质干细胞移植入缺血性大鼠侧脑室内,观察干细胞在大鼠脑内的生存、迁移、分化情况及对神经功能恢复的影响。方法:实验于2004-12/2007-06在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院科研部完成。①取体质量120～160g的SD大鼠用于制备移植细胞;另取80只体质量250～300g的SD大鼠用于制作大脑中动脉闭塞模型。实验方法符合动物伦理学要求。②应用直接贴壁法分离纯化及扩增大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,荧光染料Hoechst33342标记。③将造模成功的75只大脑中动脉闭塞大鼠按随机数字表法分为3组:模型对照组15只;磷酸缓冲液组30只;骨髓间充质干细胞移植组30只,将骨髓间充质干细胞立体定向移植到大鼠缺血侧脑室中。④术后1,3,6,12,24d测定大鼠神经功能损害评分,荧光显微镜下观察Hoechst33342标记的骨髓间充质干细胞在脑内的生存和迁移情况,采用免疫荧光法检测胶质原纤维酸性蛋白和微管相关蛋白2的表达。结果:①细胞移植后6d,12d骨髓间充质干细胞移植组大鼠的神经功能评分均显著低于磷酸缓冲液组(P<0.05)。②移植的骨髓间充质干细胞可在大鼠脑组织中存活,并向缺血区域迁移。③移植第24天Hoechst33342/微管相关蛋白2、Hoechst33342/胶质原纤维酸性蛋白双阳性细胞占Hoechst33342阳性细胞的百分率为(10.45±1.35)%,(8.73±1.38)%。结论:骨髓间充质干细胞可以在动脉闭塞局灶性脑缺血模型大鼠脑中存活,并向缺血区域附近迁移,在一定条件下可分化为神经元和星形胶质细胞,同时能促进局灶性脑缺血大鼠的神经功能恢复。     

仰卧和俯卧位心脏对煤尘肺患者肺组织体积与功能的影响

目的:观察仰卧位和俯卧位心脏对煤尘肺患者肺组织体积和肺功能的影响,为临床应用俯卧位治疗成人呼吸窘迫综合征等肺部疾病提供依据。方法:2006-08/2007-01河南鹤煤集团公司总医院放射科对10例煤尘肺患者行仰、俯卧位高分辨螺旋CT扫描,分别测量位于心脏下方肺组织的体积,测量仰、俯卧位状态下肺功能,用配对t检验进行统计学分析。结果:10例患者均进入结果分析。①CT扫描心脏压迫下的肺组织体积:俯卧位时均小于仰卧位[左肺:(7.74±9.55),(242.60±72.11)mm3;右肺:(12.21±11.41),(156.49±76.54)mm3,P均<0.01]。②肺功能测量结果:仰卧位时,患者的用力肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积、第1秒用力呼气容积预计值百分率、最大呼气量,分别为(2.14±0.58)L、(1.62±0.79)L、(89.80±29.26)、(3.42±1.98)L/s;俯卧位时,患者的用力肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积、第1秒用力呼气容积预计值百分率、最大呼气量,分别为(2.36±20.79)L、(1.80±0.77)L、(100.10±22.46)、(4.30±2.37)L/s。俯卧位时肺功能明显优于仰卧位(P<0.05)。结论:俯卧位时位于心脏下方的肺组织明显减少,可显著改善人体的肺换气功能。     

虎杖乙酸乙酯萃取部分抗人疱疹病毒研究

目的：ＨＳＶ可引起多种疾病,时洛韦（ＡＣＶ）治疗ＨＳＶ感染效果虽好,但易出现耐药毒株;新药Ｃｉｄｏｆｏｖｉｒ对ＡＣＶ耐药毒株效果好,毒性也大。ＨＳＶ疫苗临床实验效果也不好。为了解决这些问题,必须继续开发新药。虎杖是一种抗病毒范围广的中药毒株为了了解虎杖的生能并开发利用,我们对虎杖乙酸乙酯萃取部分的抗ＨＳＶ药效进行了研究。方法：我们以ＡＣＶ为阳性对照,利用病毒细胞病变抑制及空斑减数实验了药效,并且用     

Serum hepatitis B surface antigen correlates with fibrosis and necroinflammation: A multicentre perspective in China

The kinetics of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been studied, but the factors affecting them remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the factors affecting HBsAg titres, using data from multicentre, large‐sized clinical trials in China. The baseline data of 1795 patients in 3 multicentre trials were studied, and the patients were classified into 3 groups: hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg)‐positive chronic HBV infection (n = 588), HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B (n = 596), and HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B (n = 611). HBsAg titres in the different phases were compared, and multiple linear progression analyses were performed to investigate the implicated factors. HBsAg titres varied significantly in different phases (P = .000), with the highest (4.60 log10 IU/mL [10%‐90% confidence interval: 3.52 log10 IU/mL‐4.99 log10 IU/mL]) in patients with HBeAg‐positive chronic HBV infection. In all phases, age and HBV DNA were correlated with serum HBsAg level. In HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients, a negative correlation between HBsAg titres and fibrosis stage was observed. Alanine amonitransferase or necroinflammatory activity was also correlated with HBsAg titres in HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B patients. In conclusion, decreased HBsAg titres may be associated with advancing fibrosis in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients or increased necroinflammation in those with HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B. Our findings may help clinicians better understand the kinetics of HBsAg and provide useful insights into the management of this disease.     

天然有机化合物质谱研究——Ⅺ.苯丙型苷快原子轰击质谱MNa+的MIKES谱

研究了六种苯丙型苷与Na⁺加合离子的快原子轰击质谱(FAB—MS)和质量分离离子动能谱(MIKES)。结果表明:在FAB谱中[M+Na]⁺加合离子的丰度要比[M+H]⁺离子高得多。由此可给出糖苷的分子量信息,[M+Na]⁺离子的MIKES谱可给出糖基序列信息。     

盐酸二氢埃托啡身体依赖性潜力的临床评价

报道了盐酸二氢埃托啡(DHE)临床替代38例海洛因成瘾者的替代抑制试验,并应用CINA量表评价海洛因成瘾者的身体依赖性程度⁽¹⁾。结果表明:盐酸二氢埃托啡可与那洛酮竞争阿片受体,对戒断症状的100%替代抑制量与海洛因成瘾者的身体依赖性强度呈正相关,剂量反应关系良好。本研究同时对啡盐酸二氢埃托啡的身体依赖性潜力进行了讨论^(3,7)。     

食管结核6例报告

０　引言　临床上原发性食管结核罕见,继发于身体其他部位结核也不多见［李益农．消化内镜学．北京：北京科学出版社,１９９５：１４８－１４９］．由于食管结核的临床表现,Ｘ线检查,内镜检查与食管其它疾病相似,临床上很容易误诊．现报告我院２０年收治的６例食管结核病例．１　临床资料　男４例,女２例,年龄１７岁～６３岁。以胸骨后疼痛就诊３例,以吞咽困难就诊３例．其中３例有长期咳嗽,咳痰病史．胸部Ｘ线检查４例有肺结核,２例未发现身体其他部位结核感染．内镜检查：３例误诊为食管癌,１例误诊为食管炎．Ｘ线钡剂检查：２…     

High-dose intradialytic urokinase to restore the patency of permanent central vein hemodialysis catheters

From November 1, 1995, to April 30, 1997, in our outpatient dialysis facility, 7,179 or 24.3% of hemodialyses were performed with soft, cuffed, intravenous catheters as blood accesses. Inadequate blood flow (pump speed < 400 mL/min) was noted in 286 instances (4.0%). Locking of catheter lumina with 5,000 to 9,000 IU urokinase was only partly successful in three of 21 cases. Infusions of 20,000 to 40,000 IU urokinase in 25 instances during dialysis restored catheter function in 10 cases. In nine instances in which blood could not be aspirated from the catheter and dialysis could not be performed, the infusion was done through the catheter while the patient remained in the chair. In eight instances, the catheter was opened, and dialysis was performed on the next shift. In 162 instances, a new method was used to open failing catheters most conveniently, efficiently, and with minimal cost. Whenever a nonpositional deterioration of blood flow was noted, 250,000 IU urokinase was infused during dialysis over 3 hours, if there were no contraindications. Full restoration of pump speed was achieved during 132 infusions; in another 21 cases, blood flow improved. In 59 cases, in which an adequate pump speed was not achieved during the next dialysis, the infusion was repeated with restoration of blood flow in 50 instances and flow improvement in six; infusion was re-repeated in the nine instances without complete restoration of flow and in one of the 50 in which restoration of flow was temporary. Adequate flow was restored in nine of these 10 cases in which re-repeated infusion was done. Routine doses of heparin were used concomitantly with urokinase in all cases. No adverse reaction to urokinase has been encountered in any case. To maintain long-term catheter patency, warfarin therapy was started in patients who required repeated urokinase infusions. Vials of 250,000 IU, 9,000 IU, and 5,000 IU urokinase cost $358.47, $77.07, and $43.76, respectively. The higher cost of high-dose intradialytic urokinase as compared with the catheter "lock" is offset by the high probability of positive results, saving of nursing and patient time, and saving on transportation expenses. The convenience and cost are even more remarkably in favor of intradialytic urokinase compared with catheter stripping ($2,433) or surgical replacement ($3,060).