原位背驮式同种异体肝移植供肝修整并发症分析

目的总结分析原位背驮式肝移植手术后并发症与供肝修整的关系。方法回顾性分析我院12例行原位背驮式同种异体肝移植患者的资料。结果本组12例肝移植围手术期无死亡；手术成功率为100％。12例中行动脉血管变异整形2例．门静脉搭桥吻合1例；各韧带修剪后缝合7例．未缝合5例。手术后发生腹腔内出血3例，其中2例与供肝修整有关，即修肝时各韧带未仔细缝合及结扎而导致细小血管出血，另1例系凝血功能障碍所致；在供肝修整中注意了血管的变异整形及胆管的血供．术后无动脉及门静脉血管并发症和胆道并发症发生。结论修肝质量的好坏，直接关系到术中植肝时手术操作的难度、术后供肝的存活质量、并发症的发生和患者的康复。     

糖预处理治疗减轻术后胰岛素抵抗的价值

目的观察腹部外科手术病例进行术前糖预处理及应用新的禁食方案等治疗方法对减轻术后胰岛素抵抗的价值。方法对2003年3月至2004年12月采用Quicki法测定191例腹部手术后病人胰岛素敏感性,前瞻性对比术前进行糖预处理及应用新的禁食方案病例组(88例)与对照组(103例)在术后胰岛素抵抗方面的差异,以t检验比较两组间差异的显著性。结果治疗组术后胰岛素抵抗程度及持续时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹部手术后早期胰岛素抵抗是机体应激反应的表现,手术后长时间胰岛素抵抗不利于术后恢复。术前糖预处理治疗可有效降低围手术期胰岛素抵抗程度,缩短胰岛素抵抗时间,有助于病人早期康复。     

大鼠牙齿移动牙周组织中Ⅰ型胶原和MMP-1及TIMP-1的表达

目的：观察大鼠正畸牙齿移动过程中I型胶原和MMP-i、TIMP-1在上颌第-磨牙牙周组织中的表达和变化。方法：建立大鼠正畸磨牙移动模型，分为对照组和术后1、3、5、7、10、14天组，用免疫组织化学方法观察各组中Ⅰ型胶原和MMP-1、TIMP-1表达的变化。结果：I型胶原和MMP-1、TIMP-1在大鼠正畸牙周组织中的阳性表达明显强于对照组，且有时间依赖性。结论：Ⅰ型胶原在牙周组织改建中具有重要的作用，MMP-1、TIMP-1参与了正畸牙周组织细胞外基质的代谢过程。     

超声引导经直肠前列腺穿刺活检术(附192例报告)

目的评价经直肠超声(TRUS)结合彩色多谱勒血流图象(CDI)对前列腺穿刺活检的指导作用.方法依据TRUS结合CDI选择穿刺点,采用个体化方案对192例PSA＞4ng/m1、可疑前列腺癌(PCA)的患者,行经直肠前列腺穿刺活检,对其中12例PSA持续升高者行重复穿刺.结果 (1)PSA4～10ng/m170例,PCa9例(12.9%)、其中7例CDI有异常血流;阴性61例、其中9例CDI有异常血流.(2)PSA11～150ng/m1122例,PCa47例(38.5%)、其中37例CDI有异常血流;阴性75例、其中14例CDI有异常血流.CDI在PCa与穿刺阴性间比较有极显著性差异(P＜0.001),重复穿刺者12例中发现PCA5例.结论依据TRUS结合CDI采用个体化方案的前列腺穿刺活检术,能提高PCa检出率和减少并发症.     

精子冷冻对卵胞质内单精子注射治疗结果的影响

目的 了解冷冻保存对射出精子和经皮附睾、睾丸微穿刺抽吸精子进行卵胞质内单精子注射（ICSI）临床结果的影响。方法 将射出精子152个治疗周期和经皮附睾、睾丸微穿刺抽吸精子55个周期分别分为新鲜组和冷冻组，对其ICSI后的结果进行对照。结果 射出精子新鲜组和冷冻组受精率、卵裂率和临床妊娠率（分别为79．70％ vs 76．79％、97．08％ vs 98．35％、39．02％ vs 37．93％）与经皮附睾、睾丸微穿刺抽吸精子新鲜组和冷冻组受精率、卵裂率和临床妊娠率，穿刺周期（分别为77．07％ vs 74．54％、97．47％ vs 94．3l％、35．00％ vs 37．14％）均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论 精子的冷冻保存对射出精子和经皮附睾、睾丸微穿刺抽吸精子进行ICSI的临床结果没有影响，我们认为对于经皮附睾、睾丸微穿刺抽吸精子应该进行冷冻保存，以减少对附睾、睾丸的穿刺次数。     

抗人膀胱癌/抗VEGF双功能基因抗体对膀胱癌生物学行为的影响

目的:探讨抗人膀胱癌/抗VEGF双功能基因抗体对人膀胱癌生长及转移的影响。方法:通过构建人膀胱癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型并注射双功能抗体,观察肿瘤生长及盆腔淋巴结转移情况,同时采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤微血管密度值及凋亡的肿瘤细胞指数。结果:肿瘤大小:双抗组为(19.50±4.51)mm2,对照组为(57.62±8.31)mm2,两组比较P<0.01;肿瘤微血管密度双抗组为(2351±207)个,对照组(4356±548)个,两组相比P<0.05;凋亡指数双抗组为19.25,对照组为9.31,两者比较P<0.05;双抗组无一只发生盆腔转移,而对照组为75.0%,两组比较P<0.05。以上各项组间差异均有统计学意义。结论:抗人膀胱癌/抗VEGF双功能基因抗体对人膀胱癌具有良好的靶向性,能够通过抑制肿瘤微血管形成和加速肿瘤细胞凋亡,遏制实验性人膀胱癌的生长转移,为该抗体用于临床膀胱癌的治疗提供了一定的实验基础。     

外源性溶血卵磷脂对急性胰腺炎大鼠血脑屏障通透性的影响

目的　探讨溶血卵磷脂(LPC)对胰腺炎(AP)大鼠血脑屏障(BBB)通透性的影响。方法　SD大鼠制成急性胰腺炎模型后随机分为: ( 1 )实验组,从大鼠的尾静脉注入LPC; ( 2 )对照I组,从尾静脉注入生理盐水; ( 3 )对照II组(假手术组),不制备AP模型,仅从尾静脉注入LPC。7 ~ 1 0d后应用辣根过氧化物酶-二氨基联苯氨显色法(HRP DAB法)检测3组大鼠BBB的通透性。结果　实验组HRP有局部血管外渗出,显示BBB通透性明显升高,对照I,II组BBB升高不明显,两者具有统计学差异(P< 0. 0 1, P< 0. 0 5 )。结论　LPC能增加胰腺炎大鼠BBB的通透性,可能与AP的胰性脑病发生有关。     

急性A型主动脉夹层的急诊外科治疗体会(附八例报告)

目的提高急性A型主动脉夹层（acute type A aortic dissection．AAAD）的急诊外科治疗水平。方法2002年4月至2005年3月对8例AAAD行急诊手术,其中Bentall手术7例,Cabrol手术1例。结果手术死亡1例,死亡率12．5％。7例痊愈出院。随访3～40个月,术后远期因霉菌感染致冠状动脉吻合口破裂死亡1例。其余6例患者生活质量良好。心功能Ⅰ级3例、Ⅱ级3例。结论对AAAD采用积极急诊手术治疗,可提高患者生活质量。     

Comparison of cognitive function between patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Objective To evaluate whether dialysis modality will affect cognitive function in dialysis population. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Chronic dialysis patients in our center was screened from July 2013 to July 2014. All of the subjects received brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and comprehensive cognitive function evaluation. Results A total of 189 chronic dialysis patients were enrolled in this study, 122 cases on hemodialysis (HD) and 67 cases on peritoneal dialysis (PD). There was no significant difference in age between HD and PD groups [(56.4±13.2) years vs (56.4±16.1) years, t=0.004, P=0.997]. The dialysis vintage and serum albumin of HD patients was higher than those of PD patients[58.0(16.8, 107.5) months vs 31.0(7.0, 67.0) months, Z=-3.490, P＜0.001; (39.6±3.9) g/L vs (35.3±3.8) g/L, t=7.328，P＜0.001, respectively]. The prevalence of cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs) was comparable between HD and PD groups (all P＞0.05). Compared with HD patients, PD patients presented a 11.90-fold risk of immediate memory impairment (95%CI 1.40-101.08, P=0.023) and a 6.18-fold risk of long-delayed memory impairment (95%CI 2.12-18.05, P=0.001). After adjusting for age, educational lever, dialysis vintage, serum creatinine, and CSVDs, the influence of dialysis modality on memory still worked. PD patients presented a 43% risk of executive function impairment of HD patients (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.17-1.04, P=0.061). Conclusions HD patients manifested better memory than PD patients, while PD probably performed better in executive function than HD patients. There was no significant difference in language function between the two groups. The difference in cognitive function may not be related to CSVDs.     

Clinical features and treatment outcomes of early-onset peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a multi-center retrospective study

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of early-onset peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (EOP). Methods Clinical data of patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP) from 2013 to 2018 in four tertiary hospitals of Jilin province were collected retrospectively. According to whether the dialysis time of the first PDAP was ≤12 months or not, the subjects were divided into EOP group (≤12 months) and late-onset PDAP (LOP) group (＞12 months) , and clinical data, pathogenic bacteria, treatment outcomes of PDAP and prognosis of two groups were compared. Results A total of 575 patients were included, including 314 patients in the EOP group, with age of (56.53±15.57) years and 152 females (48.4%), and 261 patients in the LOP group, with age of (56.61±14.42) years old and 144 females (55.2%). Compared with LOP group, the proportion of pathogenic bacteria culture-negative in EOP group was higher and the proportion of streptococcal infection was lower (both P＜0.05). The initial treatment efficiency and cure rate of EOP group were higher than that of LOP group, while the extubation rate was lower than that of LOP group (all P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that the cure rate of EOP was 79% higher than that of LOP (OR=1.79, 95%CI 1.13-2.82, P=0.012), and the extubation rate of EOP was 68% lower than that of LOP (OR=0.32, 95%CI 0.15-0.66, P=0.002). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the cumulative rates of multiple PDAP, technical failure, all-cause death, and composite end points (technical failure or all-cause death) in EOP group were higher than those in LOP group (P≤0.001). After correcting for confounding factors by multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression, the risk of multiple PDAP, technical failure, all-cause death, and composite endpoint (technical failure or all-cause death) in EOP group was 2.02 times (HR=2.02, 95%CI 1.26-3.24, P=0.004), 2.53 times (HR=2.53, 95%CI 1.58-4.05, P＜0.001), 2.66 times (HR=2.66, 95%CI 1.70-4.16, P＜0.001) and 2.48 times (HR=2.48, 95%CI 1.78-3.43, P＜0.001) of LOP group respectively. Conclusion The treatment outcome of the first PDAP of EOP patients is good, but the long-term prognosis is poor.