Increased expression of Notch1 in temporal lobe epilepsy: animal models and clinical evidence

Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with astrogliosis. Notchl signaling can induce astrogliosis in glioma. However, it remains unknown whether Notchl signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. This study investigated the presence of Notchl, hairy and enhancer of split-l, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the temporal neocortex and hippocampus of lithium-pilocar- pine-treated rats. The presence of Notchl and hairy and enhancer of split-1 was also explored in brain tissues of patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Quantitative electroencephalo- gram analysis and behavioral observations were used as auxiliary measures. Results revealed that the presence of Notchl, hairy and enhancer of split-l, and glial fibriUary acidic protein were en- hanced in status epilepticus and vehicle-treated spontaneous recurrent seizures rats, but remain unchanged in the following groups： control, absence of either status epilepticus or spontaneous recurrent seizures, and zileuton-treated spontaneous recurrent seizures. Compared with patient control cases, the presences of Notch1 and hairy and enhancer of split- 1 were upregulated in the temporal neocortex of patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Therefore, these results suggest that Notchl signaling may play an important role in the onset of temporal lobe epilepsy via astrogliosis. Furthermore, zileuton may be a potential therapeutic strategy for temporal lobe epilepsy by blocking Notchl signaling.     

Genes in the serotonin pathway are associated with bipolar affective disorder in a Han Chinese population

Serotonin plays an important role in mood regulation, but the involvement of serotonin pathway genes in the development of bipolar I disorder (BP-I), a mood disorder, is not clear. We selected 21 singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the HTR2A gene, 8 within the SLC6A4 gene and 23 within the TPH2 gene for genotyping using the GoldenGate genotyping assay. A total of 375 patients with BP-I and 475 normal controls were recruited. Two out of 21 SNPs (rs1475196 and rs9567747) in the HTR2A gene and 1/23 SNPs (rs17110566) in the TPH2 gene were significantly associated with BP-I, both genotype-wise and allele-wise. Furthermore, a specific haplotype in the HTR2A gene showed a significant association with BP-I. Our results indicate that the HTR2A and TPH2 genes in the serotonin pathway play important roles in susceptibility to BP-I.     

不同方法治疗骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床对比研究

目的 对比分析不同方法治疗骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床效果,期许为该病的临床研究做出贡献.方法 将我院在2012年3月-2013年4月收治的30例骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者作为研究对象,并将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各15例患者,观察组采用椎体后凸成形术治疗,对照组采用保守治疗,并对比分析两组患者的临床治疗效果.结果 观察组的临床治疗效果明显优于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床效果十分显著,且创伤小、并发症少,利于骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者的康复,值得推广应用.     

孕期运动的研究进展

孕妇孕期的营养代谢和生理改变,可影响孕妇体质量及运动能力。孕期适度运动对母、胎健康有利,但所有孕妇运动前需征询医师意见以排除运动禁忌证,并按照医师推荐的孕期运动形式、时间和强度实施。本文对孕期运动的必要性及特点进行综述,旨在为临床制定合理、安全的孕期运动方案提供指导。     

儿童肺炎支原体的耐药性与临床用药相关性研究

目的 探讨阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗儿童肺炎支原体（MP）感染的有效性和安全性,并检验不规律使用阿奇霉素与MP耐药性是否相关.方法 以MP抗体滴度1∶320为诊断MP感染标准,收集2011年3月至2013年2月于广州医科大学附属广东省妇女儿童医院住院治疗的792例5～13岁合并发热或（和）咳嗽的MP感染患儿中,MP-IgM呈阳性的431例患儿为研究对象.按照其1年内大环内酯类抗菌药物应用和MP感染次数分别纳入实验组（n=217,半年内无MP感染和大环内酯类抗菌药物应用史）;对照组（n=214,1年内反复MP感染且不规律应用大环内酯类抗菌药物≥2次）.患儿入院当天于不同时间进行2次MP培养,对培养结果MP呈阳性者提取DNA进行23S rRNA V PCR产物合成与23S rRNA V区基因突变位点检测,并进行MP呈阳性者的9种抗菌药物的药敏性试验.对两组MP株的耐药性等进行比较.对大环内酯类抗菌药物敏感和23S rRNA V区无突变患儿进行阿奇霉素序贯疗法.于治疗2周及4周末再行MP培养,对阳性者分析23S rRNA V区基因位点突变情况.对实验组阿奇霉素敏感且23S rRNA V区测序无基因位点无突变的患儿进行阿奇霉序贯治疗,分别于治疗2周及4周时判断阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗疗效.对于对照组214例反复MP感染患儿不规律应用大环内酯类抗菌药物频次与耐药性关系进行统计学比较.对两组患儿的肺外并发病及住院时间分别进行统计学比较（本研究遵循的程序符合广州医科大学附属广东省妇女儿童医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象监护人的知情同意,并与其签署临床研究知情同意书）.两组患儿年龄及性别等一般临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结果 本组患儿的MP感染率为54.4%（431/792）.对本组药敏实验结果MP-IgM呈阳性患儿咽拭子进行快速MP培养的阳性率为26.6%（115/431）.实验组与对照组MP株耐药率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.651,P=0.041）.对照组214例患儿1年内不规律大环内酯类药物应用频次与耐药率比较,不规律用药次数越多,耐药率越高,差异有统计学意义（χ2/χ2趋势值=22.056,21.932;P〈0.05）.实验组14例患儿的药敏实验结果显示阿奇霉素敏感且23S rRNA V区测序无基因位点无突变,对其进行阿奇霉序贯治疗2周后,咽拭子培养结果显示MP呈阳性为4例,根治率为71.42%（10/14）.对此4例进行药敏试验结果提示对阿奇霉素仍敏感,并对其进行23S rRNA V区测序发现无基因位点突变,继续阿奇霉素序贯治疗,至4周末时,实验组14例患儿的根治率为92.85%（13/14）.实验组14例MP药物敏感株与对照组37例MP耐药株患儿的肺外并发症发生率比较,实验组显著低于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.443,P〈0.05）.实验组患儿的住院时间显著短于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.305,P〈0.05）.结论 阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗儿童MP感染安全有效,并不会诱导出耐药株,而不规律应用阿奇霉素可诱导耐药株,且耐药率与不规律应用的次数呈正相关.