解聚复肾宁治疗早期2型糖尿病肾病

目的: 探讨解聚复肾宁治疗早期糖尿病肾病（DN）的临床疗效。 方法: 研究对象为我院收治的120例早期2型DN患者,将其随机分为解聚复肾宁组、厄贝沙坦组、解聚复肾宁+厄贝沙坦组、对照组。每组各30例,12周为1疗程,观察各组治疗前后相关指标的变化。 结果: 解聚复肾宁组治疗后空腹血糖、24 h尿微量白蛋白排泄率、血肌酐、糖化血红蛋白等指标显著好转,血清和尿液中血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）,结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）均显著降低,解聚复肾宁和厄贝沙坦联合治疗明显优于两类药物单独应用（P<0.05）。 结论: 解聚复肾宁对早期2型DN疗效确切,可延缓病情进展,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床推广使用。     

Incidence of brain injuries in premature infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks in ten urban hospitals in China

Background

There is a large number (1.5 million per year) of premature births in China. It is necessary to obtain the authentic incidences of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), the common brain injuries, in Chinese premature infants. The present multicenter study aimed to investigate the incidence of brain injuries in premature infants in ten urban hospitals in China.

Methods

The research proposal was designed by the Subspecialty Group of Neonatology of Pediatric Society of the Chinese Medical Association. Ten large-scale urban hospitals voluntarily joined the multicenter investigation. All premature infants with a gestational age ≤34 weeks in the ten hospitals were subjected to routine cranial ultrasound within three days after birth, and then to repeated ultrasound every 3–7 days till their discharge from the hospital from January 2005 to August 2006. A uniform data collection sheet was designed to record cases of brain injuries.

Results

The incidences of overall IVH and severe IVH were 19.7% (305/1551) and 4.6% (72/1551), respectively with 18.4% (56/305) for grade 1, 58.0% (177/305) for grade 2, 17.7% (54/305) for grade 3 and 5.9% (18/305) for grade 4 in nine hospitals. The incidences of overall PVL and cystic PVL were 5.0% (89/1792) and 0.8% (14/1792) respectively, with 84.3% (75/89) for grade 1, 13.5% (12/89) for grade 2, and 2.2% (2/89) for grade 3 in the ten hospitals. The statistically significant risk factors that might aggravate the severity of IVH were vaginal delivery (OR=1.883, 95% CI: 1.099–3.228, P=0.020) and mechanical ventilation (OR=4.150, 95% CI: 2.384–7.223, P=0.000). The risk factors that might result in the development of cystic PVL was vaginal delivery (OR=21.094, 95% CI: 2.650–167.895, P=0.000).

Conclusions

The investigative report can basically reflect the incidence of brain injuries in premature infants in major big cities of China. Since more than 60% of the Chinese population live in the rural areas of China, it is expected to undertake a further multicenter investigation covering the rural areas in the future.     

眼内注射头孢拉定与地塞米松治疗蜡样芽胞杆菌性全眼球炎实验观察

通过兔眼内注射头孢拉定与地塞米松,并应用ERG与病理检查,观察该药物的毒性作用和对蜡样芽胞杆菌引起的暴发性全眼球炎的治疗效果。结果头孢拉定25mg/ml,地塞米松400μg/ml作玻璃体腔注射无毒性。早期应用该药物有一定的抗菌作用。反复多次给药,在控制炎症方面效果为佳。     

哈萨克族牧民慢性闭角型青光眼前房角组织病理研究及临床意义

目的:观察研究新疆哈萨克族慢性闭角型青光眼患者前房角组织的病理改变及临床意义。方法:对手术切除的小梁和虹膜组织常规脱水石蜡包埋,作矢状连续切片,苏木素-伊红染色,光镜下观察。结果:镜下见小梁网眼变窄或消失,内皮细胞减少,小梁网中有色素沉积,部分小梁网完全被色素斑块遮盖,看不清小梁结构,部分可见小梁虹膜并置,小梁纤维化伴玻璃样变性。Schlemm腔内壁内皮细胞不同程度增生,致管腔呈不规则狭窄甚至管腔闭塞,部分管腔内可见色素沉积。虹膜变薄,基质疏松,有的虹膜间质血管壁增厚并呈玻璃样变,部分可见虹膜间质薄壁血管形成。结论:慢性闭角型青光眼前房角组织的病理损伤是一个渐进的过程,早期诊断,早期治疗,既可以有效地防止视功能的损害,又能有效地预防因高眼压而造成的前房角组织的损害。     

氧化型谷胱甘肽中有机溶剂残留的毛细管GC测定

目的 建立毛细管气相色谱法测定氧化型谷胱甘肽中甲醇和乙醇2种有机溶剂的残留量.方法 采用SPB-5毛细管柱;FID检测器;程序升温以,32℃保持2 mim,以30℃/min的升温速率升至150℃,终止时间2 min;进样口沮度200℃;以DMF-水(7:3)为溶剂.结果 建立的色谱方法在所考察的浓度范围内,线性关系良好...     

NO对石斛类原球茎生长及继代培养的影响

为提高组织培养的药用石斛生物碱含量,利用一氧化氮(NO)的供体硝普钠(SNP)处理霍山杂交石斛液体悬浮培养的类原球茎。结果表明,NO对类原球茎生长有一定的抑制作用,但有利于生物碱的积累。NO处理的类原球茎在生物碱积累高峰期45 d前,发生活性氧迸发,过氧化氢抗氧化酶(CAT)活性提高明显。类原球茎继代培养表明,不经NO诱导的S0、S00、S0003代类原球茎的蛋白质SDS电泳条带和POD同工酶条带基本一致,NO处理使蛋白质条带和POD同工酶条带出现差异性。NO处理后类原球茎生物碱含量的提高不能在继代培养中得到保持。     

强直性脊柱炎的中医康复指导

整理中医药对强直性脊柱炎的辨证施治,以及涉及饮食调养、药膳、中成药、验方、外治法、功能锻炼、日常保健等防治措施。中医药防治强直性脊柱炎,有规范的诊断标准和防治措施,在该病的治疗康复中发挥着重要的作用。     

rTMS及CBT-I对慢性失眠障碍患者治疗效果的随机对照研究

背景 目前,药物疗法是失眠障碍的一线治疗手段,但仍然存在着一定的不良反应。与药物治疗相比,重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和失眠的认知行为治疗（CBT-I）的不良反应较少、患者耐受性较好。目的 探讨rTMS与CBT-I治疗慢性失眠障碍的效果,以期为慢性失眠障碍患者提供更优的治疗方案。方法 选取2020年9月21日—2021年12月16日在内蒙古自治区精神卫生中心门诊或社区医院就诊的、符合《国际睡眠障碍分类第三版》（ICSD-3）诊断标准的慢性失眠障碍患者（n=50）,同期在社区招募与患者组年龄和性别相匹配的健康人作为对照组（n=16）。采用随机数字表法将慢性失眠障碍患者分为rTMS组与CBT-I组各25例,分别接受为期6周的rTMS或CBT-I干预。于干预前和干预后,慢性失眠障碍患者接受多导睡眠监测（PSG）以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）、失眠严重程度指数量表（ISI）、重复性成套神经心理状态测验（RBANS）评定。对患者组和对照组进行静息态磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）扫描,并进行静息态低频振幅（ALFF）分析。将患者组和对照组ALFF值差异有统计学意义的脑区作为感兴趣区域（ROI）,将其作为种子点与患者全脑进行功能连接分析。结果 rTMS组和CBT-I组的PSQI评分、ISI评分以及RBANS中的即刻记忆、言语功能、延时记忆维度评分的时间效应均有统计学意义（F=41.160、69.615、47.923、12.090、28.193,P均<0.05）;两组总睡眠时间的时间效应、睡眠效率的时间效应和组别效应以及N1%的时间效应均有统计学意义（F=8.995、12.414、4.342、7.806,P均<0.05）。干预后,CBT-I组睡眠效率高于干预前（t=-2.785,P<0.05）。rTMS组眶部额上回与左侧豆状壳核（t=4.991,P<0.05）、右内侧和旁扣带回（t=4.471,P<0.05）和右侧中央后回（t=4.922,P<0.05）之间的功能连接增强,CBT-I组眶部额上回与左侧额中回之间的功能连接增强（t=6.586,P<0.05）。结论 rTMS及CBT-I可能有助于改善慢性失眠障碍患者的失眠情况和认知功能。     

A Novel Preparation of Special-Shaped Phosphors-in-Glass by Gel Casting with Isobam for High-Power WLEDs Lighting

Phosphors-in-glass (PiGs) regarded as a promising phosphor-converter for white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) is being researched widely. However, there are few reports on the effect of changing the shape of PiGs on the color rendering index (CRI) and heat dissipation of WLEDs. In this paper, gel casting with Isobam was first attempted in preparing special-shaped PiGs successfully. It exhibited that 76 wt.% was the optimum solid content based on the rheological properties of slurry and the shrinkage of green bodies. The sintering rate should be kept at a low speed and glass transition temperature (Tg) of glass powders must be higher than sublimation temperatures (Ts) of APS and Isobam. The CRI of PiGs was increased by about 27% after changing the shape of PiGs from cylinder to dome. Most importantly, operating temperature also reduced effectively the increase of the surface area of PiGs. Therefore, changing the shape of PiGs by gel casting with Isobam is a creative way for high-power WLEDs lighting.