血液病基因检测临床应用认知程度调研报告

目的调查医务工作者对血液病基因检测临床应用的认知程度。 方法对参加2018年6月29-30日在北京举办的"第六届陆道培血液病高峰论坛"的209名学者进行以微信为平台的调查研究，调查内容涉及被调查者的基本信息、对血液病基因检测的认知程度以及基因检测的应用现状及反馈。对3个年份（2015年、2016年、2018年）间获得研究生学历的被调查者人数应用行×列表χ²检验，应用四格表χ²检验分别对这3个年份进行两两比较。 结果调查对象的年龄主要分布在40岁及40岁以下，学历分布以本科和硕士研究生为主。3个年份（2015年、2016年、2018年）间获得研究生学历的被调查者人数差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；对这3个年份进行两两比较，2015年和2016年获得研究生学历的被调查者人数差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），2018年获得研究生学历的被调查者人数较前两个年份均有所增加，差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。被调查者中血液科临床医生比例最高，为44.50%；50.24%具有中级以上职称。有接近80%的医务工作者会在临床中应用血液病基因检测。基因检测在三甲医院、高水平专科医院以及其他三级和三级以下医院应用频度较高。基因检测临床应用的主要限制因素包括费用过高、医保不能报销和有明确意义的基因检测项目太少等。73.08%的调查对象可以接受基因检测报告在5~10个工作日出具。对于基因突变检测报告有56.52%临床医生认为报告结果太复杂。 结论医务工作者对血液病基因检测有一定的认知程度，费用过高、医保不能报销和有明确意义的基因项目过少等为基因检测在临床应用中的限制因素，检测报告的回报周期及结果意义可读性还有待提高。     

回顾性分析类风湿性关节炎相关间质性肺病中医证型特征及疾病早发影响因素

[目的]探讨类风湿性关节炎-相关间质性肺病(RA-ILD)的中医证型特征和影响RA-ILD早发的风险因素。[方法]筛选RA-ILD住院电子病历,提取性别、年龄、吸烟史、症状、体征、RA中医证型、RA诊断时间、RA-ILD诊断时间和胸部高分辨率CT(HRCT)特征等资料,采用回顾性分析,评价RA-ILD发病时间、病理学分型和早发影响因素。[结果]筛选130例,剔除11例,纳入研究119例,其中肝肾阴虚型54例、气血两虚型36例、风湿热郁型19例、风寒湿阻型10例。发病时间比较,全部病例平均发病时间约11 a,中位发病时间约7 a,平均和中位发病时间均呈风湿热郁型风寒湿阻型气血两虚型肝肾阴虚趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);病理学分型以普通性间质性肺炎(UIP,65.5%)和非特异性间质性肺炎(NSIP,30.3%)为主,风湿热郁型(52.6%)和肝肾阴虚型(96.3%)UIP发生率高,风寒湿阻型(90.0%)和气血两虚型(55.6%)NSIP发生率高,组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Cox比例风险回归分析,RA中医证型是RA-ILD早发(≤7 a)的影响因素,RA实证与虚证相比,RA-ILD早发风险增加约2倍(HR 2.972,95%CI:1.775,4.976)。[结论]RA中医分型与RA-ILD病理类型有一定对应关系,风湿热郁型和风寒湿阻型RA更易早发RA-ILD,该结论尚需前瞻性研究确证。     

泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10及结肠黏膜CD14的影响

目的:通过动物实验证实泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠治疗有效,并探讨其可能作用机制。方法:将40只实验大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、柳氮磺吡啶组、中药高、低剂量组5组,除空白组外,其余4组均采用TNBS/乙醇联合造模法制造UC模型。分组灌胃治疗14 d后,分别检测大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10、结肠黏膜CD14含量。结果:模型组较空白组IL-1β、CD14表达明显升高,IL-10表达明显下降,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高、低剂量组、柳氮磺吡啶组较模型组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高剂量组较柳氮磺吡啶组、中药低剂量组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论:泄浊解毒方干预UC大鼠可降低血清IL-1β、升高血清IL-10、下调结肠黏膜CD14表达,这可能是其作用机制之一。     

地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效及对预后的影响

目的:探讨地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效以及对预后产生的影响。方法:选取2012年3月至2015年7月在沈阳军区总医院接受治疗的老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者70例作为本次研究对象,采用随机数表法将他们分为治疗组和对照组各35例,对照组患者给予地黄杜仲汤治疗,治疗组患者给予地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗,比较2组患者治疗后的临床疗效、生存率以及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,治疗组患者的总缓解率为94.28%高于对照组68.57%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后的≥6年生存率为80.00%,对照组为34.28%,治疗组高于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后出现恶心呕吐、白细胞低、肾功能异常以及肝功能异常等不良反应的发生率明显低于对照组患者,2组患者进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗老年慢性粒细胞白血病临床效果显著,降低不良反应,延长患者的生存期。     

丹参胶囊在欧盟药品注册中的可读性测试研究和实践

药品说明书是载明药品信息的法定文件,对指导公众合理用药起着至关重要的作用。在欧美药品的申报体系和指南中,均要求申请者在药品上市前必须完成药品说明书可读性测试研究,以保证说明书内容通俗易懂,指导公众合理安全用药,避免用药不当可能导致的风险。由于审评理念和标准的差距,目前中国在新药评审的过程中缺乏药品说明书可读性测试研究的要求、法规和指南。以国内申报欧盟成功的品种丹参胶囊注册上市实践为案例,分析欧盟对于药品说明书可读性测试研究的要求,以期为我国建立和实施药品说明书可读性研究的管理思路提供借鉴和参考。     

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??With the increased incidence rate of cancer and the resistance of anticancer drugs, many further research concentrated on the transporter mediated tumor cell proliferation, the effectiveness of anticancer drugs and the malignant degree of tumor tissue. The study showed that transporter expression plays an important role in cancer therapy and prognosis. This review focuses on recent insights into the correlation among transporter, cancer therapy, resistance of anticancer drugs and the adverse effect of them.     

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??OBJECTIVE To proteins in toad venom. To investigate the by proteomic approach. METHODS The total proteins from the ear-side gland of toad were digested by trypsin, and the peptides were further analyzed by the NanoLC-linear trap quadropole (LTQ)-Orbitrap Velos Pro.. The raw data acquired by mass spectrometer were imported into MaxQuant software for the identification of peptides and proteins. The proteins were categorized based on gene ontology annotation in biological process, cellular component and molecular function. RESULTS A total of 407 protein groups and 880 peptides were identified. There were 76 pathways associated with the identified proteins in toad venom, including the 5-HT receptor mediated signaling pathway, beta adrenergic receptor signaling pathway, blood coagulation, cadherin signaling pathway, cholesterol biosynthesis, etc.. CONCLUSION This study lays the foundation for further exploration of the proteins in toad venom and their functions.     

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??OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for determination of the preservatives in betamethasone injectable suspension, including benzyl alcohol, methylparaben and propylparaben. METHODS The determination method was developed with 5 mmol??L^-1 ammonium acetate(containing 1% triethylamine and adjusted to pH 5.0 with glacial acetic acid) as mobile phase A and acetonitrile as mobile phase B, and gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL??min^-1. The column temperature was maintained at 30 ?? and the detection wavelength was set at 257 nm. RESULTS The resolutions between the three main peaks and adjacent peaks were greater than 1.5. The calibration curves of benzyl alcohol, methylparaben and propylparaben showed good linearity in the ranges of 0.175 9-1.758 6 mg??mL^-1(r=1.000 0), 0.022 3-0.223 1 mg??mL^-1(r=0.999 8), 0.004 35-0.043 47 mg??mL^-1(r=1.000 0), respectively. The average recovery rates were 98.98%, 99.38% and 100.07%, and the RSDs were 0.6%,1.3% and 1.0%(n=9), respectively. The results of test of influencing factors showed that the contents of hydroxyphenylmethyl ester and propylparaben decreased at high temperature. CONCLUSION The developed method is proved by validation to be applicable for the quality control of the preservatives in betamethasone injectable suspension.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the influence and mechanism of bioactive ingredients of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. on the transport of gastrodin based on cell culture model in vitro. METHODS Cell toxicity of gastrodin, ligustilide, senkyunolide ?? and senkyunolide A were detected by MTT assay. The transport mechanism of gastrodin and the influence of ligustilide, senkyunolide ?? and senkyunolide A on the transport of gastrodin were studied in MDCK-MDR1 monolayer cells. The changed expressions of P-gp caused by ligustilide, senkyunolide ?? and senkyunolide A were analyzed by Western blotting.RESULTS Gastrodin showed relatively poor absorption in MDCK-MDR1 cells for its apparent permeability coefficients were less than 1??10^-6 cm??s^-1. P-gp inhibitor made the P_app(B??A)/P_app(A??B) of gastrodin reduced from 1.29 to 0.79, which indicated that the transport of gastrodin was influenced by P-gp. In the presence of ligustilide(30 ??g??mL^-1) or senkyunolide ??(120 ??g??mL^-1), the P_app(A??B) of gastrodin in MDCK-MDR1 were significantly increased(P<0.01). In the presence of senkyunolide A(120 ??g??mL^-1), the P_app(A??B) of gastrodin in MDCK-MDR1 were markedly increased(P<0.05). High, medium and low dose of ligustilide, senkyunolide A and senkyunolide ?? could significantly inhibit the expression of P-gp protein.CONCLUSION The results indicate that the transport mechanism of gastrodin might be passive diffusion as the dominating process with the active transportation mediated mechanism involved. Ligustilide, senkyunolide A and senkyunolide ?? increase the transport of gastrodin attribute to down-regulate P-gp expression.     

肾上腺腺瘤的影像组学研究进展

肾上腺腺瘤是临床上较常见的一种肿瘤。目前,影像组学在肾上腺良、恶性肿瘤,功能性肾上腺腺瘤亚型以及脂质性腺瘤和嗜铬细胞瘤的鉴别中取得初步进展,主要通过纹理分析、直方图分析等影像组学特征对肾上腺腺瘤展开研究,可有效评估肿瘤的异型性,可在临床决策上提供有效的帮助。此外,临床特征与影像组学特征结合的诺模图模型对功能性肾上腺腺瘤亚型具有良好的鉴别效果。现综述影像组学在肾上腺腺瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断以及治疗策略的疗效预测、监测和预后评估的研究现状、存在问题,并对未来进行初步展望。