中老年晚期非小细胞肺癌射频损毁治疗与化疗的临床比较

目的:探讨射频损毁治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及应用价值。方法:自1999年12月至2000年8月收治73例晚期中老年非小细胞肺癌患者,分别给予射频损毁治疗和以铂类为主的联合化疗;观察比较其近期疗效、中位生存期、1年及2年生存率;并分析其治疗后生存质量。结果:射频损毁治疗组有效率(CR+PR)为71.5％(30/42),明显高于化疗组的43.3％,差异呈显著性,(x2=4.63,P<0.05)。射频损毁治疗组中位生存期、1年及2年生存率及治疗后生存质量均高于化疗组。结论:射频损毁治疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌治疗,具有较好的中期疗效,且能明显提高生存质量。     

运用反应时探究小学生情绪认知发展特点

目的：探究小学儿童情绪认知的发展特点。方法：采用计算机实验方法和反应时评价指标，运用80对情绪词汇推测小学儿童对四个不同类别情绪（基本积极情绪、基本消极情绪、积极自我意识情绪、消极自我意识情绪）的认知发展差异，以及对引发情绪的原因、情绪的外在行为反应、情绪的后继调节三个维度的认知发展差异。结果：小学儿童对引发情绪的原因、外在行为反应、后继调节三个维度的反应时差异有统计学意义（1289．5、1164．6、1295．7，F=13．535，P〈0．001），且三个维度认知反应时2年级学生均长于4、6年级（P〈0．01），对四个不同类别情绪认知的反应时差异无显著性（1237．1、1269．8、1222．8、1305．2，F=1．520，P=0．220），四个类别的情绪认知反应时2年级均长于4、6年级（P〈0．01）。结论：儿童对情绪行为认知的加工速度最快，对消极自我意识认知的发展相对较慢，且均在2—4年级间发展迅速。     

茶色素对冠心病及高血压病病人血小板功能的影响

目的：探索茶色素对冠心病、高血压病病人血小板功能的影响。方法：冠心病病人３６例（男性２１例，女性１５例；年龄６４±ｓ４ａ）；高血压病病人３０例（男性１８例，女性１２例；年龄５８±８ａ）。采用茶色素２５０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，３０ｄ为一个疗程。结果：治疗后ＴＸＢ２下降，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＰ１α上升，ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α比值下降（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５），ＧＭＰ－１４０下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰａｇＴ，ＰａｄＴ下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：茶色素具有降低血小板表面活性作用，抑制血小板聚集和粘附，抗血栓形成，改善微循环，对冠心病和高血压病病人起到积极的防治作用。     

用视诱发电位和富里叶变换作视力客观估计

目的:研究用图形视觉诱发电位(PVEP)和离散富里叶变换(DFT)作视力客观估计的方法。方法:检测对象为33只正常眼。用翻转频率为10次/秒,条纹张角分别为30、20、18、12、10、6、4和2弧分的垂直方波光栅图形刺激,记录相应的稳态图形视诱发电位。用离散富里叶交换提取WEP频谱中10Hz成分的幅值。以光栅条纹张角为横坐标、相应的VEP频谱幅值为纵坐标作关系曲线,取阈值附近的近似线性部分的数据点作直线回归,用外推法求得阈值和视力。结果:比较VEP所测之视力与用国际标准视力表所测之视力,可见在本研究中70％的受检眼VEP视力估计较准确。结论:用本研究中的VEP技术客观地测量视力可靠性较高。眼科学报1997;13:59～61。     

Use of Fmoc-N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl) amino acids in peptide synthesis

The use of N, O-bisFmoc-N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl) amino acid derivatives in the synthesis of peptides with difficult sequences has already been described. With these amino acid derivatives the reversible protecting group 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl (Hmb) for the backbone amide bonds of peptide chains is introduced, and thus the aggregation due to hydrogen-bond interchain association is inhibited. This paper describes the synthesis and use of Fmoc-N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl)amino acid derivatives as an alternative means of introducing Hmb backbone protection. These new monoFmoc derivatives were obtained in higher yield than the bisFmoc derivatives. Coupling yields to the amino peptide resin were the same as those obtained with bisFmoc derivatives, under the TBTU/HOBt/DIEA conditions. We also compared different syntheses of a difficult peptide with the Fmoc approach [triple coupling, capping, use of chaotropic agents, backbone protection using monoFmoc (Hmb)Ala] and with optimized Boc chemistry. Both the backbone protection and optimized Boc chemistry approaches gave the desired product in excellent yield and purity. © Munksgaard 1997.     

自体表皮细胞培养与异体真皮组合应用研究

严重烧伤病人皮肤修复中主要未解决的问题是真皮的替代。动物实验结果表明，异体皮移植后５天，用自体培养表皮细胞膜片覆盖真皮床，１４天后复合皮成活率是８４．６％±２．４％。组织学检查证实表皮已形成了复层结构，可见基底层、颗粒层和角质层。临床应用中，异体皮移植后１０天，去除异体表皮覆盖病人的自体培养表皮，３５天后未见排斥征象，异体真皮促进了培养表皮的分层、成熟和完整，组织学检查证实表皮细胞的边缘清楚，已分化形成颗粒层和角质层，真皮多细胞，已血管化，但表皮嵴缺乏。     

Application of technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime single-photon emission tomography to neurologic prognosis in patients undergoing urgent carotid surgery

In this study we aimed to work out a quantitative prognostic index for preoperative assessment of brain technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) single-photon emission tomography (SPET) in patients referred for urgent carotid endarterectomy due to acute obstructive disease of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and neurological deficit. To this end we compared data from preoperative SPET studies with the postinterventional changes in neurological status in 20 patients (17 males, three females; mean age 53 years, SD 4 years) with acute ischaemic cerebral disorders induced by obstruction of the ICA. Carotid obstruction was diagnosed by ultrasound B-mode study. All patients underwent urgent carotid endarterectomy from the ICA. Patients were divided into two groups in accordance with the results of postoperative follow-up: group A comprised patients with significant (more than 3 points) postoperative improvement in neurological condition as quantified by the Canadian Neurological Scale (11 patients); group B consisted of patients with minimal improvement or deterioration (nine, three of whom died). All patients were studied preoperatively by^99mTc-HMPAO SPET. The volume of nonperfused tissue (VS, cm³) was quantified using the Mountz technique. Hypoperfused volume (V _hypoperf, cm³) in the affected hemisphere was calculated as the total volume of voxels with^99mTc-HMPAO uptake <90% of the contralateral symmetric voxels. Discriminant prognostic function was calculated by discriminant analysis as:PF = 0.072×VS + 29.46×(VS/V _hypoperf). Patients with preoperativePF values <8.20 demonstrated postoperative improvement in neurological status, while the group withPF>8.90 comprised patients who demonstrated minimal improvement or deterioration. PF values in the range 8.20–8.90 carried an indefinite prognosis. We conclude that the preoperative^99mTc-HMPAO SPET can be used for the selection of patients in whom improvement in neurological status may be expected after urgent surgical correction of acute extracranial obstruction of the ICA.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）加速猪背部创伤修复的实验研究

实验采用猪背部创伤模型，观察重组的碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）对创伤修复的作用。在无菌条件下用特制打孔器在猪背部切割皮肤，形成２．５ｃｍ２的园型创面。将１５０个创面分成５组，分别以ｂＦＧＦ（６０ｕ／ｃｍ２创面），ｂＦＧＦ（（６０ｕ／ｃｍ２创面）加ＳＤ－Ａｇ、ＳＤ－Ａｇ、生理盐水以及不治疗等方法处理，每间隔一天换药一次。实验结果表明，ｂＦＧＦ具有显著促进肉芽组织生长、加速创面再上皮化率以及增加创面愈合组织抗张力强度等作用。ＦＧＦ显著促修复效应的确切机制尚不完全清楚，可能包括直接与间接效应两方面。     

环丙沙星的临床药物动力学研究

研究健康志愿者口眼和静脉滴注环丙沙星的药物动力学，并比较不同剂量、空腹与进餐、单剂与多剂给药的体内过程。单剂空腹口服环丙沙星５００ｍｇ后，Ｃｍａｘ为３．４８ｍｇ·Ｌ－１、为３．０１ｈ、ＡＵＣ为１４．１４ｈ．ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，静脉滴注环丙沙星２００ｍｇ后Ｃｍａｘ为６．５６ｍｇ·Ｌ－１、为３．７３ｈ，口服环丙沙星绝对生物利用度为６８．８９％。单剂空腹口服２５０、５００和１０００ｍｇ环丙沙星后，Ｃｍａｘ为１．８２～７．７２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，为２．４７～３．１５ｎ，ＡＵＣ与剂量呈比例增加，进餐与空腹口服环丙沙星５００ｍｇ后的体内过程显示进食可使该药的吸收轻度减少。与单剂口服５００ｍｇ相比，５００ｍｇ日２次×７ｄ多剂给药后的Ｃｍａｘ和ＡＵＣ均较单剂者略增高，草剂口服２５０、５００、１０００和５００ｍｇ多剂量后２４ｈ尿排出率为给药量的４７％～５５％，静滴２００ｍｇ者为７１．０６％，基于上述药动学资料，拟订了环丙沙星对各种感染的治疗方案。     

替硝唑葡萄糖注射液的稳定性研究

采用反相ＨＰＬＣ法测定替硝唑葡萄糖注射液中替硝唑的含量，用加温加速实验研究该制剂的热稳定动力学。结果表明，替硝唑的热降解反应为一级动力学过程，在５０、６５、８０、９５℃时的降解速度常数分别为５．５８×１０－４、２．６６×１０－３、８．１０×１０－３、２．８２×１０－２ｄ－１，为８．３年，半衰期为３９．５年。