浮膝损伤的临床治疗研究

目的：探讨浮膝损伤的治疗方法。方法：对2002年10月到2006年9月收治的48例浮膝损伤,在积极治疗各种危及生命的并发症的基础上均早期予以骨折内固定,术后加强患肢功能锻炼。结果：随访6个月-2年,平均1年2个月,按Karlstrom评定标准,优34例,良10例,可4例,优良率91.7%。方法：浮膝损伤患者在生命体征平稳后均应根据骨折类型和患者的个体差异尽早选择手术并早期功能锻炼。     

米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的剂量探讨

目的:探讨米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的剂量。方法:将81例确诊为子宫肌瘤的患者随机分成3组,Ⅰ组口服米非司酮25mg/d×3个月;Ⅱ组口服米非司酮12.5mg/d×3个月;Ⅲ组口服米非司酮6.25mg/d×3个月。结果:用药过程中3组肌瘤均有不同程度的缩小,贫血得以纠正,围绝经期可致绝经。结论:12.5mg/d剂量米非司酮连服3个月为一疗程的治疗方案,副反应轻,疗效与25mg/d组无显著差异,费用可以减少50％。     

前方牵引治疗安氏Ⅲ类骨性反(牙合)最佳矫治时机的研究

目的:进一步探寻前牵矫治器对以上颌发育不足为主的安氏Ⅲ类骨性反(牙合)患者的最佳矫治时机.方法:选取45例研究对象分成3组,即3～6岁组、7～10岁组、11～13岁组,每组各15例;采用上颌前方牵引进行治疗,拍摄治疗前后的头颅定位侧位片进行X线头影测量分析.结果:上颌前方牵引治疗对上述3个试验组的患者均产生了一定的矫治效果;上颌骨前移,下颌骨后旋,前牙反(牙合)纠正、覆合覆盖达正常、磨牙关系达中性关系;3组研究对象对比显示年龄最小的3～6岁组相对后两组具有更短的治疗时间(3.8±0.4)个月、更多的骨骼改变(69.5%)、更少的牙齿改变(31.5%)以及更少的副作用等优点(P＜0.05);11～13岁组相对前两组治疗时间较长(9±0.5)个月、骨骼改变较少(59.5%)牙齿的代偿性改变较多(41.0%,P＜0.05).结论: 前牵引治疗安氏Ⅲ类骨性反(牙合)矫治时机的选择在3～6岁组比7～10岁组效果好;7～10岁组比11～13岁组效果好.     

生理盐水用于会阴切开缝合术后擦洗效果观察

目的观察生理盐水用于会阴切开缝合术后伤口擦洗的效果。方法按时间顺序将790例会阴切开缝合术后产妇分为对照组371例，观察组419例。分别采用5％活力碘与生理盐水擦洗外阴及伤口，比较两组伤口愈合情况。结果两组伤口愈合情况比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结论采用生理盐水擦洗会阴及伤口对伤口愈合亦可起到与活力碘同样的作用，且成本低，对皮肤无刺激。     

Two kinds of posterior approach for Kümmell's disease after osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture

To compare the surgical results of two kinds of posterior approach for osteoporotic thoracolum-bar Kummell's disease.Methods: Clinical and radiographic results of 1-seg-mental pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty (Group A, n=12) or posterior shortening osteotomy (Group B, n=16) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar Kummell's disease were analyzed retrospectively. Japanese orthopedic asso-ciation (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were used for clinical evaluation. Neurological status was judged by Frankel grades. X-ray was used to evaluate the radio-graphic results. Complications related to operation and de-vices were also considered. Results: The follow-up period was 12-54 months (average 29 months). Pre- and post-operative VAS were 9.3 and 3.2 in Group A, 8.9 and 2.5 in Group B, respectively. The mean JOA score at the final follow-up was significantly higher than that of pre-operation (t=5.306, P<0.001). There was no sig-nificant difference between Groups A and B (t=0.618, P>0.05). The kyphosis were corrected from preoperative 33.9°(A)/37.3°(B) to postoperative 10.3°(A)/6.5°(B), and 15.3°(A)/13.7°(B) at the final follow-up. There was a significant difference between the two groups at the final follow-up. Frankel grade was improved from grade C preoperatively to postopera-tively grade D or E in 7 cases of Group A and 5 cases of Group B, from grade D to E in 5 cases of Group A and 11 cases of Group B. The mean improvement was 1.6 and 1.7 grades for Groups A and B, respectively. There were no serious complications related to internal fixation. Conclusions: The similar clinical results can be ob-tained by the two kinds of posterior surgical methods for osteoporotic Ktimmell's disease. Posterior spinal shorten-ing is a better choice for patients with serious kyphosis combined with neurological deficit than the other.     

自动移床3D CES MRA在下肢动脉检查中的初步应用

目的：探讨自动移床3维增强减影MR血管造影(3DCES MRA)在下肢动脉疾病检查中的应用价值。方法：16例临床怀疑下肢动脉性病变者进行了自动移床3D CES MRA认检查，原始图像经减影后作最大密度投影(MIP)重建。结果：所有病例的血管均显示满意，其中11例可见不同部位和分支动脉狭窄或闭塞，阳性诊断率为68．7％。结论：初步结果表明，自动移床3D CES MRA检查技术对下肢动脉病变有重要诊断价值。     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

阿托伐他汀对系膜增殖性肾炎大鼠肾组织细胞外基质和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1表达的影响

目的：观察阿托伐他汀对系膜增殖性肾炎（MsPGN）大鼠肾组织细胞外基质（ECM）和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1（PAI-1）表达的影响，探讨其肾脏保护作用的机制。方法：采用抗胸腺细胞血清诱发的MsPGN大鼠模型，将SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、肾炎模型组、小剂量阿托伐他汀治疗组（8mg·kg^-1·d^-1）和大剂量阿托伐他汀治疗组（16mg·kg^-1·d^-1）。治疗12d后。检测各组大鼠血总胆固醇（CHOL）、甘油三酯（TG）、血肌酐（Scr）和24h尿蛋白，以及肾组织Ⅳ型胶原（Col Ⅳ）、纤维结合蛋白（FN）和PAI-1的表达。结果：阿托伐他汀治疗组大鼠24h尿蛋白、肾组织Col Ⅳ、FN和PAI-1 mRNA的表达明显下降。肾组织病理改变明显改善，与模型组相比有统计学差异（P〈0．05），且呈剂量依赖关系。其中肾炎模型组尿蛋白（30．34±0．62）mg／d。阿托伐他汀小剂量治疗组（21．17±0．79）mg／d，大剂量治疗组（9．77±0．54）mg／d。同时，各组血脂水平无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：阿托伐他汀可显著改善MsPGN大鼠肾脏病变，抑制肾组织ECM成分和PAI-1的表达。     

野蔷薇果汁对乌拉坦诱发小鼠肺腺瘤的影响

本研究观察了野蔷薇果汁对乌拉坦诱发小鼠肺腺瘤的影响,并观察了实验第1、2、3、4、5月时小鼠免疫功能及脂质过氧化水平的改变。结果发现,野蔷薇果汁有明显的拮抗乌拉坦诱发小鼠肺腺瘤的作用,对乌拉坦引起的机体免疫状态的降低有拮抗作用,对小鼠自由基及其清除系统也有降低作用。     

精神分裂症异质性及其中枢五羟色胺功能研究

本文应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对67例精神分裂症及10例健康对照组脑脊液中色氨酸(TRP)、五羟色胺(5-HT)、五羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)进行测试,同时引入5-HT相对代谢率概念用5-HIAA/5-HT表示,并以Andreasen分型标准划分42例阳性精神分裂症和25例阴性精神分裂症。结果发现,精神分裂症患者脑脊液中TRP明显低于正常对照组,阳性(Ⅰ型)分裂症5-HIAA以及5-HIAA/5-HT明显低于阴性(Ⅱ型)精神分裂症,并对精神分裂症的5-HT代谢障碍假说及其异质性进行了讨论。