Ueber das Verhalten des Fistelsecrets und über Phenol- und Indican-Ausscheidung bei einem an Anus praeternaturalis leidenden Kranken

Ohne ZusammenfassungNach einem in der Berliner medicin. Gesellschaft am 11. December 1878 gehaltenen Vortrag, mit Fortlassung der einleitenden und Schlussworte.     

State of the art and recommendationsKangaroo mother care: application in a high‐tech environment

Since Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) was developed in Colombia in the 1970s, two trends in clinical application emerged. In low income settings, the original KMC model is implemented. This consists of continuous (24 h/day, 7 days/week) and prolonged mother/parent–infant skin‐to‐skin contact; early discharge with the infant in the kangaroo position; (ideally) exclusive breastfeeding; and, adequate follow‐up. In affluent settings, intermittent KMC with sessions of one or a few hours skin‐to‐skin contact for a limited period is common. As a result of the increasing evidence of the benefits of KMC for both infants and families in all intensive care settings, KMC in a high‐tech environment was chosen as the topic for the first European Conference on KMC, and the clinical implementation of the KMC model in all types of settings was discussed at the 7th International Workshop on KMC. Kangaroo Mother Care protocols in high‐tech Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) should specify criteria for initiation, kangaroo position, transfer to/from KMC, transport in kangaroo position, kangaroo nutrition, parents’ role, modification of the NICU environment, performance of care in KMC, and KMC in case of infant instability. Conclusion: Implementation of the original KMC method, with continuous skin‐to‐skin contact whenever possible, is recommended for application in high‐tech environments, although scientific evaluation should continue.     

Oral health-related quality of life before,during, and after orthodontic-orthognathic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical Oral Investigations - The effect of combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment was estimated, specifically the impact of pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, on oral health-related quality...     

Venous blood flow in the leg after ligation of the femoral vein during cardiac catheterization in young children

Summary In the period from 1963 to 1973, 143 heart catheterizations were carried out in children under two years of age. In 33 patients, the femoral vein was exposed by cutdown and ligated afterward. Ten of these patients (the other 23 having died in the intervening years) were available for follow-up and the venous outflow of the lower extremities was studied. Nine of the ten patients showed no abnormality, but one patient had developed varicose veins. In this patient, plethysmography showed reduced venous outflow, and phlebography showed narrowing of the common femoral vein at the site of earlier ligation, indicating recanalization. It is concluded that, if the femoral vein must be used, careful dissection is necessary to secure the bifurcation of the femoral vein and avoid ligation of the common femoral vein.     

The Vienna functional electrical stimulation system for restoration of walking functions in spastic paraplegia

An eight-channel stimulation system, currently intended for stimulation of lower extremities, was developed and is introduced. The major development goals were easy handling, modularity to make the system easily adaptable for other functional electrical stimulation (FES) applications, and a wide stimulation parameter range for application-specific parameter optimization. For paraplegic stepping, the system worn by the patient consists of 2 four-channel stimulation modules, a central unit holding the battery and circuitry for power management and communication control, a wireless remote control unit, and a palmtop computer as the main control and input device. A software package for Microsoft Windows supports the design and optimization of stimulation sequences in the rehabilitation center. First tests with patients familiar with FES showed smoother movements during stepping and acceptable good handling. In combination with the PC software, the required stimulation sequences could be created in a very short time.