Evaluation of a reassortant rhesus rotavirus vaccine in young children

A candidate live attenuated rotavirus vaccine representative of serotype 1 was administered orally to 26 children, 14 of whom were undergoing primary exposure to rotavirus. The vaccine was derived by reassortment between rhesus rotavirus strain, MMU 18006, and the human serotype 1 strain Wa. The resultant virus has the gene coding for the major surface glycoprotein VP-7 from the human strain and all other genes from the attenuated rhesus parent which is a serotype 3 strain. Prior natural exposure to rotavirus determined the infectivity and immunogenicity of the vaccine. Only two of 12 seropositive children had evidence of reinfection while all 14 seronegative children were infected. Mild febrile illness was seen in vaccinees, however there was no evidence of gastrointestinal disease. As determined by neutralization of the human strains, the resultant serum antibody was entirely strain specific. However, heterotypic neutralization was seen when the rhesus strains were used, suggesting that neutralizing antibody can be directed to shared components of the donor and reassortant strain presumably VP-4, the other major surface protein.     

(-)棉酚和(+)棉酚对蛋白激酶C及蛋白激酶A活力影响的比较

部分纯化的大鼠肝脏蛋白激酶C和蛋白激酶A,在体外与棉酚的旋光异构体分别温育,结果(--)棉酚和(+)棉酚对蛋白激酶C活力均有剂量依赖性的抑制作用;(-)棉酚对Ⅰ型蛋白激酶A活力的抑制作用明显比(+)棉酚强,而(-)棉酚和(+)棉酚在高浓度时对Ⅱ型蛋白激酶A才显示抑制作用。结果提示棉酚在体内可能干扰细胞信息的传递过程。     

尼莫地平胃内滞留漂浮型缓释片的研究

将尼莫地平先制成速释型固体分散体,再压制成胃内滞留漂浮型缓释片(NM-FSRT)。均匀设计法优选处方,并考察处方因素对尼莫地平释放的影响,在人体内对NM-FSRT进行了初步评价。结果表明优选处方于体外漂浮达10h,0.15～6h释放符合零级动力学。HPMC量越大,药物释放越慢,PEG 6000量越大,释放越快。饮食后NM-FSRT于胃内滞留时间约5h,空腹时约3h;对照非漂浮片饭后服滞留时间为3h,空腹2h排空。体内相对生物利用度为391.46%,MRT较普通片延长一倍多。     

The association between food cravings and consumption of specific foods in a laboratory taste test

This pilot study tested the relation between food cravings and food intake in the laboratory. Participants (n=91; mean BMI=35.1 kg/m2) completed the Food Craving Inventory to measure cravings for sweets, fats, carbohydrates, and fast food fats, and a taste test consisting of four foods (jelly beans, M&M's, regular potato chips, and baked low-fat potato chips). Thereafter, participants could eat the items ad libitum. Specific food cravings were significantly correlated with consumption of corresponding types of foods. The sweets scale correlated with M&M and jelly bean intake, but not chip intake. The fats scale correlated only with intake of regular potato chips.     

人参的分析——Ⅳ.人参皂甙的高效液相色谱测定

本文报道了人参中六种主要皂甙(Rb_1,Rb_2,Rc,Rd,Re,Rg)的HPLC测定法,用氨基键合相柱,示差折光检测,流动相为甲醇中乙腈—乙二醇—醋酸铵(0.14 mol/L)(30:70:5:10.6),同时还改进了纯化方法,此法快速、重现性好,与薄层比色法比较结果基本一致。     

Synergistic effects of olanzapine and other antipsychotic agents in combination with fluoxetine on norepinephrine and dopamine release in rat prefrontal cortex.

To understand the mechanism of the clinical efficacy of olanzapine and fluoxetine combination therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), we studied the effects of olanzapine and other antipsychotics in combination with the selective serotonin uptake inhibitors fluoxetine or sertraline on neurotransmitter release in rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) using microdialysis. The combination of olanzapine and fluoxetine produced robust, sustained increases of extracellular levels of dopamine ([DA](ex)) and norepinephrine ([NE](ex)) up to 361 +/- 28% and 272 +/- 16% of the baseline, respectively, which were significantly greater than either drug alone. This combination produced a slightly smaller increase of serotonin ([5-HT](ex)) than fluoxetine alone. The combination of clozapine or risperidone with fluoxetine produced less robust and persistent increases of [DA](ex) and [NE](ex). The combination of haloperidol or MDL 100907 with fluoxetine did not increase the monoamines more than fluoxetine alone. Olanzapine plus sertraline combination increased only [DA](ex). Therefore, the large, sustained increase of [DA](ex), [NE](ex), and [5-HT](ex) in PFC after olanzapine-fluoxetine treatment was unique and may contribute to the profound antidepressive effect of the olanzapine and fluoxetine therapy in TRD.