Intradialytic systolic blood pressure variation can predict long-term mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

International Urology and Nephrology - It is unclear which time-points of intradialytic blood pressure (BP) best predict prognosis. Thus, it is important to assess the association between different...     

磷脂对HDL3介导大鼠皮肤成纤维细胞内胆固醇流出能力的影响

目的　研讨磷脂对HDL3 介导大鼠皮肤成纤维细胞内胆固醇流出能力的影响。方法　在卵磷脂 (PC)或鞘磷脂 (SPM )存在条件下 ,观察HDL3 介导细胞胆固醇流出量的变化、细胞内磷脂含量变化及游离胆固醇 /胆固醇酯平衡的变化。结果　①BSA组 (对照组 )、HDL3 组、PC组、SPM组、PC HDL3 组和SPM HDL3 组分别介导 4.70 %、31.5 5 %、7.35 %、8.0 6 %、42 .95 %和 46 .98%细胞胆固醇流出 ;②BSA、HDL3 、HDL3 SPM和HDL3 PC组细胞培育后胞内卵磷脂磷含量 (PC p)和鞘磷脂磷含量 (SPM p)分别为 2 0 .0 2、5 .5 6 ,17.5 6、5 .2 8,18.6 2、7.0 0和 2 2 .5 0、5 .5 2 μg/皿 ;③PC和SPM与细胞培育后 ,胞内游离胆固醇 /总胆固醇比值分别为 49.6 5和 5 9.5 7。培育前此比值为 48.6 4。结论　①PC和SPM本身无介导细胞胆固醇流出能力 ,但它们能显著提高HDL3 介导的细胞胆固醇流出能力 ,且后者强于前者 ;②随着细胞胆固醇流出 ,部分胞内PC也流出胞外 ,而胞内SPM无明显变化 ;③SPM促进细胞内胆固醇酯向游离胆固醇转化。     

论高校科技产业的创新与发展

２１世纪是以信息技术和生物工程技术为代表的高瓣技术及其产业迅猛发展的知识经济世纪,本文主要讨论了在新世纪里高校职能的变化及其在知识创新、技术创新和国家经济建设中的地位、作用等问题。作者认为,坚持创新是高校生存和发展的根本需要;高校科技产业则是具有中国特色的知识经济的产物。对完善我国教育体制、提高办学实力、调整我国的知识结构和产业结构都具有十分重要的意义。     

p53反义RNA对肠癌细胞恶性表型的抑制作用

研究ｐ５３反义ＲＮＡ对大肠癌细胞中突变型ｐ５３致癌性的抑制效应,为肿瘤基因治疗提供新思路。方法２．１ｋｂ的人ｐ５３全长ｃＤＮＡ反向插入哺乳动物表达载体ｐＲＥＰ９,得到ｐ５３反义ＲＮＡ表达载体ｐＲＥＰ９－ｐ５３（ＡＳ）,并将其导入人肠癌细胞株ＳＷ１１１６（内源性突变型ｐ５３）,采用ＭＴＴ和ＦＣＭ方法测定ｐＲＥＰ９－ｐ５３（ＡＳ）表达的ｐ５３反义ＲＮＡ对ＳＷ１１１６细胞生长的影响。结果带有ｐＲＥＰ９－ｐ５３（ＡＳ）的ＳＷ１１１６细胞,与对照组ＳＷ１１１６细胞和带ｐＲＥＰ９空载体的ＳＷ１１１６细胞相比,由于ｐ５３反义ＲＮＡ的表达,其增殖速度显著下降,ＦＣＭ的结果也证明带ｐＲＥＰ９－ｐ５３（ＡＳ）的细胞部分受阻于Ｇ０／１期,而带ｐＲＥＰ９空载体的细胞则无明显变化。结论ｐ５３反义ＲＮＡ可以有效地抑制大肠癌细胞中突变型ｐ５３的致癌性,可用于实验性肿瘤基因治疗研究     

Activation by high potassium of a novel voltage-operated Ca2+ channel in rat spleen

1. High potassium produced a concentration-dependent contraction in rat isolated spleen.
2. The high potassium-induced contraction of rat spleen was abolished in Ca²⁺-free Krebs solution containing 1 mM EGTA, and the subsequent addition of 3 mM Ca²⁺ restored the high potassium-induced contraction to the control level.
3. Nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, R-(+)-Bay K 8644 and pimozide inhibited and relaxed high potassium-induced contraction of rat spleen with IC₅₀ and EC₅₀ values much higher than those values in rat aorta.
4. In addition, high potassium-stimulated contraction of rat spleen was insensitive to ω-conotoxin GVIA, ω-conotoxin MVIIC and ω-agatoxin IVA.
5. The high potassium-induced contraction of rat spleen was also unaffected by tetrodotoxin (TTX), prazosin, chloroethylclonidine (CEC), yohimbine, propranolol, atropine, diphenhydramine, cimetidine, ketanserin, 3-tropanyl-indole-3-carboxylate, saralasin, indomethacin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, GR32191B, domperidone, naloxone, chlorpromazine, suramin, (±)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), L-659,877, L-703,606, lorglumide, PD 135,158 N-methyl-D-glucamine, benextramine, amiloride, dantrolene, TMB-8, econazole, staurosporine and neomycin.
6. Forskolin and sodium nitroprusside relaxed high potassium-induced contraction of rat spleen with EC₅₀ values of 0.55±0.04 and 20.0±2.7 μM, respectively.
7. It is concluded that high potassium may activate a novel, pharmacologically uncharacterized voltage-operated Ca²⁺ channel in rat spleen.

     

良性增生前列腺组织中鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因表达的研究

为探讨鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ＯＤＣ）基因表达与前列腺良性增生的关系,采用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹和ＲＮＡ斑点杂交技术,测定分析了正常人（１０例）和良性前列腺增生症（ＢＰＨ）病人（１５例）前列腺组织中ＯＤＣｍＲＮＡ的丰度。结果显示,良性增生前列腺组织中ＯＤＣｍＲＮＡ丰度较正常前列腺组织显著升高。经密度扫描测定结果显示,Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹分析中ＢＰＨ前列腺组织中ＯＤＣｍＲＮＡ丰度约为对照组的６～２０倍,斑点杂交为５倍以上。提示ＯＤＣ基因表达增强在良性前列腺增生症形成中起重要作用     

膀胱癌上皮细胞粘附分子蛋白表达的意义

目的 探讨上皮细胞粘附分子（Ｅ－ＣＤ）表达情况对判断膀胱癌恶性程度、复发及预后的意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法对５４例膀胱癌标本中Ｅ－ＣＤ的表达情况进行研究。结果Ｅ－Ｃ原表达情况与膀胱癌的病理分级、分期均有密切关系。（ｘ＾２＝６．６５,Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｘ＾２＝７．１５,Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｅ－ＣＤ的的民光癌的近期昨发及不良预后有关。（Ｘ＾２＝４．８８,Ｐ〈０．０５;Ｌｏｎｇ－Ｒａｎｋ ｔｅｓｔ;ｘ＾２     

上海市居民吸烟与癌症及有关疾病十年前瞻性研究

目的探讨上海市民吸烟与癌症及有关疾病的关系。方法８０年代初在上海市区、市郊和郊县开展了居民吸烟状况的横断面调查。至１９９４年年底,市区研究对象随访了１２年,郊区研究对象随访了１１年。本次研究分析了４０岁以上研究对象的随访资料,并用Ｐｏｉｓｏｎ回归模型估计吸烟因素的年龄调整相对危险度及其９５％可信区间。结果市区分析结果表明,男女性吸烟者全死因的相对危险度分别为１．４８、１．６２。而所有癌症死亡的相对危险度男性为２．２０,女性为２．００。相对危险度有统计学意义的癌症部位是肺癌、肝癌、食管癌（男）、胃癌（男）、胰腺癌（男）、膀胱癌（男）。脑血管疾病、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿和肺心病的相对危险度也见显著升高。市郊和郊县的结果与市区类似。我们估计了三个地区吸烟对男性某些疾病的归因危险度（ＰＡＲ）,所有死因吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）三地分别为２０．９、１８．９、１６．３,所有癌症三地吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）分别为４０．０、３４．５、３４．２,肺癌三地吸烟的ＰＡＲ（％）分别为７１．７、５９．２、６４．７。结论吸烟与一些癌症、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病、肺原性心脏病及脑血管病等的死亡有关     

Emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci at a university hospital in Taiwan: persistence of multiple species and multiple clones.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a university hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. DESIGN: Retrospective review over a 27-month period, from March 1996 to May 1998. SETTING: A tertiary-care teaching hospital in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with VRE isolated from any body site. METHODS: Patients were identified through hospital microbiology and infection control records. Patient charts were reviewed for clinical and epidemiology data, including age, gender, previous hospital admissions, underlying diseases, types of infection, and recent antibiotic use. VRE isolates were characterized by their typical biochemical reactions, cellular fatty acid profiles, and the presence of van genes. Antibiotypes using the E-test and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns of these isolates were used to determine the clonality. RESULTS: Twenty-five isolates of VRE recovered from 12 patients were identified. One patient with a perianal abscess had 12 isolates of VRE (4 Enterococcus faecalis, 7 Enterococcus faecium, and 1 Enterococcus casseliflavus) recovered from perianal lesions. Among 3 patients who were hospitalized in the same room, 1 had a community-acquired cellulitis over the left leg caused by E. faecalis, and the other 2 patients both had anal colonization with 2 isolates of E. faecalis. The other 8 patients had 1 E. faecalis isolate each from various clinical specimens. All isolates possessed vanA resistance phenotype and vanA genes. Different antibiotypes and RAPD patterns of the isolates from different patients excluded the possibility of nosocomial spread at the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple species of VRE (E. faecalis, E. faecium, and E. casseliflavus) and multiple clones of E. faecium could colonize or infect hospitalized patients. In addition, clones of VRE can persist long-term in patients' lower gastrointestinal tracts. These results extend our knowledge of the coexistence and the persistence of multiple species and multiple clones of VRE in hospitalized patients.