环缩酚肽抑制视网膜表达VEGF及PECAM基因和血管增生

[目的]观察两种环缩酚肽衍生物(Hep-A和Hep-B)对氧诱导的小鼠视网膜表达血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和细胞黏附分子(PECAM;ICAM-1;VCAM-1)基因的影响及血管增生的变化.[方法]建立氧诱导的血管增殖性视网膜病变模型,12 d开始给小鼠皮下注安慰剂(第1组,n=7)、Hep-A 10 mg/kg(第2组,n=6)或者Hep-B 10 mg/kg(第3组,n=6),每天两次.5 d后取出左侧眼,分离视网膜并抽提RNA,用荧光定量PCR测出上述基因含量,并分别求出每个靶基因与标准基因S16含量的比率;右眼经心脏荧光素灌注后取眼球做视网膜平铺片,用图像分析软件定量计算视网膜新生血管的面积.[结果]视网膜中VEGF/S16的mRNA比率为:第1组(0.554±0.050),第2组(0.355±0.037),第3组(0.287±0.051);PECAM/S16为:第1组(2.050±0.249),第2组(1.228±0.153),第3组(1.027±0.210).经ANOVA分析,第2组和第3组分别与第1组比较,视网膜中VEGF基因表达分别减少36%和48.2%(P=0.001);PECAM基因表达分别减少40.1%(P＜0.05)和49.9%(P＜0.01);而VCAM-1和ICAM-1表达无明显差异.视网膜平片检测视网膜新生血管面积:第1组为(1.06±0.03)mm2/眼,第2组为(0.17±0.01)mm2/眼,第3组为(0.11±0.01)mm2/眼;经ANOVA分析,第2组和第3组分别与第1组比较,视网膜新生血管的面积明显减少(P＜0.001).[结论]两种环缩酚肽衍生物均抑制氧诱导的小鼠视网膜表达VEGF和PECAM基因,并抑制其形成视网膜新生血管.     

胰岛素样生长因子1对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤保护机制的研究

目的　建立单侧缺氧缺血性脑损伤 (HIBD)动物模型 ,研究胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)对HIBD的影响和可能机制。　方法　选择健康 7日龄Wistar大鼠 12 0只 ,建立HIBD模型 ,随机分成假手术组、HIBD组、HIBD后 0 .2mg/kg人基因重组IGF 1干预组 (RH IGF 1组 )、0 .0 6 6mg/kg人基因重组IGF 1干预组 (SRH IGF 1组 )及盐水对照组 (对照组 )。各组按观察时段进一步分为 2 4、4 8、72h组 ,每组 8只。各组于规定时刻观测脑形态学改变、谷氨酸 (Glu)含量、凋亡细胞计数、Bcl 2蛋白表达。　结果　 (1)HIBD 4 8h组Glu(116 2 .2± 10 8.1)mg/kg ,较假手术组(75 0 .9± 5 3.4 )mg/kg明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;HIBD组凋亡细胞计数 [2 4h :(7.6± 1.9) % ,4 8h(12 .6±1.2 ) % ,72h :(13.8± 0 .9) % ],较假手术组 [2 4h(2 .0± 0 .2 ) % ,4 8h(2 .0± 0 .3) % ,72h(2 .0±0 .2 ) % ]明显增加 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )与对照组相比 ,RH IGF 1组脑组织病变减轻 ;干预 4 8h组Glu[SRH IGF 1组 (781.4± 5 4 .2 )mg/kg ,RH IGF 1组 (74 0 .5± 4 6 .6 )mg/kg],较对照组 (112 6 .6± 4 8.0 )mg/kg明显降低 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ;RH IGF 1组凋亡细胞计数 [2 4h :(3.6± 0 .9) % ,4 8h(8.2± 2 .2 ) % ,72h(9.4± 1.4 ) % ],较对     

前列腺癌新辅助治疗临床分析（附32例报告）

目的 总结32例前列腺癌患者新辅助治疗（NHT）的作用。方法 32例前列腺癌患者中药物去势17例，手术去势15例，并联合抗雄激素治疗3个月，统计NHT前后前列腺癌体积、肿瘤大小、PSA、FSH、LH和睾酮水平变化。结果 2组NHT后前列腺体积明显变小、肿瘤变小、变软，甚至消失，PSA和睾酮明显下降，药物去势组睾酮水平在耻骨后前列腺癌根治术（RRP）术后2～3个月可恢复正常，而手术去势组RRP术后睾酮呈持续低水平。结论 NHT可明显缩小前列腺体积，降低PSA，有利于手术操作。药物去势对内分泌影响是可逆的，而手术去势内分泌改变不可逆。     

应用MRCP对63例肝移植术后胆道并发症的临床分析

目的评价MRCP在诊断原位肝移植术后胆道并发症中的临床应用价值。方法分析63例肝移植术后怀疑有胆道并发症患者的MRCP图像,并与手术、胆道造影、临床随访证实结果进行对照。所有病例均在高场强1.5T磁共振上进行。MRCP采用两种不同的成像方法:厚层块T2加权成像和薄层块多层T2加权成像。结果MRCP诊断移植术后胆道并发症的敏感性为95.3%(41/43),阳性预测值97.6(41/42),假阴性率为4.54%(2/44),假阳性率为2.27%(1/44)。总诊断准确率为95.2%(60/63)。MRCP作为唯一的诊断方法能为96.8%(61/63)的患者提供特异性诊断结果,仅2例患者需要ERCP和PTHC检查3.2%(2/63)。直接胆道造影作为一项治疗手段应用于22.2%(14/63)的患者中。结论MRCP是评价肝移植术后胆道并发症的有效影像学方法。     

造血干细胞移植后慢性移植物抗宿主病相关的膜性肾病一例

目的 总结造血干细胞移植后慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）相关的膜性肾病的诊疗体会。方法 为1例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者施行HLA全相合的无关供者外周血造血干细胞移植，术后应用甲氨喋呤和他克莫司（FK506）预防GVHD。术后第19d发生急性GVHD，经甲泼尼龙治疗逆转。分别于术后182d、235d停用FK506和泼尼松，5d后患者出现cGVHD表现，肝功能异常，并伴肾病综合征的相关表现，病理诊断为膜性肾病Ⅱ期，遂给予FK506和泼尼松治疗，同时辅以利尿、降脂等措施。结果发生膜性肾病时，患者的尿蛋白＋＋＋＋，白细胞75个／μl，上皮细胞359．5个／pl，病理性管型＋，管型计数为167个／μl，24h尿蛋白定量为4．28g；肾组织活检，无肾小球硬化，肾小球体积稍大，部分血管袢受压，开放欠佳，肾小球基底膜轻微增厚，外观呈僵硬感，系膜基质轻、中度增殖；间质区部分肾小管扩张，肿胀、变性，未见明显间质纤维化和炎症细胞浸润；Masson染色可见基底膜上皮侧嗜复红物沉积；免疫荧光检查，IgG＋＋＋，C3＋＋＋，IgA＋＋，沿毛细血管袢呈颗粒状节段性分布，系膜区呈团块状分布；IgM、Clq、CA均阴性。电镜下可见肾小球基底膜上皮下沉积物，并有基膜增厚，毛细血管系膜基质轻度增生。经泼尼松和FK506治疗，2个月后尿蛋白转阴。结论 造血干细胞移植后出现肾病综合征或蛋白尿，应考虑GVHD相关膜性肾病的可能，肾穿刺活检有助于诊断，糖皮质激素和FK506治疗有效。     

胰岛素强化治疗对严重创伤患者炎性反应及预后的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of intensive insulin therapy on inflammatory re-sponse and prognosis of patients with severe trauma. Methods Eighty severely injured patients were di-vided into intensive insulin therapy group (n = 40, IT) and routine therapy group (n = 40, RT) in random pair. At the time of admission, a continuous infusion of insulin (2 -4 U/h) was pumped into the patients of IT group to maintain blood glucose level at 6 -8 mmol/L. Patients in RT group were given routine treatment without administration of insulin. Fever, organ injury, and mortality of patients in 2 groups were recorded. Venous blood was drawn from patients of 2 groups on the morning of post treatment day (PTD) 1, 3, 5, and 7. Values of TNF-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-2, and IL-10 in plasma were assayed. Results High fever appeared in 9 patients in IT group, and WBC exceeded 10.0×109 for more than 3 days in 17 patients in this group, versus 20 and 29 patients respectively in RT group. Dysfunction of 1 organ appeared in 31 pa-tients in IT group and 30 patients in RT group. Dysfunction of 3 organs appeared in 10 patients in IT group and 19 patients in RT group. Dysfunction of 4 organs appeared in 7 patients in IT group and 12 patients in RT group. In IT group, 4 patients died within 3 post-injury day (PID), and 1 patient died after PID 3 (total case fatality: 12.5% ). In RT group, 5 patients died within 3 PID, and 4 patient died after PID 3 (total case fatality: 22.5%). Plasma levels of TNF-α and CRP of patients in IT group were significantly lower than those of patients in RT group on PID 3 - 7 ( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ), while levels of IL-2 and IL-10 of patients in IT group were significantly higher than those of patients in RT group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ). Plasma levels of TNF-α ( 1.3±0.6 μg/L) and CRP (55±16 mg/L) of patients in IT group on PTD 7 were lowered to the trough level, and they were significantly lower than those of patients in RT group (3.0±0.8μg/L, 89±20 mg/L, respectively, P <0.01 ). Conclusions Intensive insulin therapy can mitigate systemic inflammatory response and improve prognosis of patients with severe trauma.     

血清瘦素在男生青春发育期的动态观察

目的 探讨血清瘦素在男生青春期发育中的作用。方法 健康男生170名，调查首次遗精时间，测定血清瘦素、睾酮、促卵泡成熟激素、黄体生成激素水平，采用多元Logistic回归模型分析男生青春期发育的影响因素；同时，连续两年观察，分析血清瘦素在青春期的动态变化。结果 末次研究已遗精组血清瘦素、睾酮、促卵泡成熟激素、黄体生成激素水平均明显高于未遗精组。多因素分析显示血清瘦素、睾酮、促卵泡成熟激素、体重为男生青春期发育的独立影响因素。初次资料分析，遗精前组血清瘦素、睾酮明显高于未遗精组。结论 血清瘦素、睾酮、促卵泡成熟激素、体重为男生青春期发育的独立影响因素，男生遗精前期血清瘦素、睾酮已有明显改变。     

某社区老年人支气管哮喘流行病学调查

目的　了解社区老年人支气管哮喘的患病情况 ,为哮喘防治奠定基础。　方法　采用整群抽样 ,对南海市桂城社区 2 481名 60岁以上老年人进行哮喘的流行病学调查。　结果　确诊老年人哮喘 98例 ,患病率为 3 .95 % (男4.91%、女 2 .92 % ) ,男性高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;工业区老年人哮喘的患病率高于文化区 (患病率分别为 5 .12 %、3 .2 6% ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;有遗传家族史者 45例 ,占 45 .92 % ;78%的患者发病年龄 >14岁 ;诱发因素前 3位分别是上呼吸道感染、气候变化和刺激性气体 ;合并COPD2 5例 ,占 2 5 .5 1%。　结论　老年人哮喘是不容忽视的疾病 ,需加强对社区哮喘的管理和教育。     

NK／LAK细胞对人口腔癌耐细胞药株杀伤活性的观察

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relation between cytotoxic activity of immunologic effector cells and multidrug resistance of the tumor cells. METHODS: Continuous observation of the morphological changes and MTT colorimetry were employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and natural killer (NK) cells against multidrug-resistant (MDR) human oral carcinoma cell line-KBV200 (before and after reversal of MDR) and parental drug-sensitive cell line KB. The morphologic changes of LAK cells and the 3 target cell lines were observed continuously under inverted microscope 3 h after co-culture of LAK cells with one of three target cell lines respectively. The lysis rates of three tumor cell lines in response to co-culture with LAK or NK cells were determined using MTT colorimetry. RESULTS: In comparison with the parental drug-sensitive cell line KB, both KBV200 and its reserved cell line by verapamil (KBVV) showed earlier adherence and greater number of cells lysed by LAK. In MTT colorimetry assay, the cytotoxicity of both LAK and NK cells against the 3 cell lines was associated with the effector-to-target (E/T) cell ratio; the lysis rates of KBV200 and reversed KBV200 cells by verapamil in response to LAK and NK cells were higher than that of KB cells (P<0.05), but KBV200 and KBVV did not significantly differ (P>0.05). At the same E/T ratio, LAK cells possessed stronger cytotoxicity than NK cells against all the tumor cell lines (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Immunologic effector cells possess strong cytotoxic activity against multidrug-resistant cell line KBV200. Modulation of MDR does not decrease the cytotoxic activity of the immunologic effector cells. The results of this study suggest that adoptive cell immunotherapy with immunologic effector cells may be of value in controlling the progress of MDR tumors.     

腮腺血管瘤的超声诊断

腮腺血管瘤系先天性良性肿瘤或血管畸形,本文通过对12例经手术病理证实的腮腺血管瘤作一回顾性分析,探讨腮腺血管瘤的超声诊断价值。1材料与方法本组12例腮腺血管瘤,均在我院口腔科做腮腺血管瘤切除并经病理证实,年龄1~15岁,平均6岁。其中男5例,女7例。血管瘤均位于一侧腮腺区,左侧8例,右侧4例。临床表现为病人颜面不对称,局部隆起,皮肤颜色可正常或透出青紫色,肿瘤边界不清,扪之柔软,可被压缩,部分产生疼痛、面瘫等症状。术前超声均诊断为腮腺血管瘤可能性大。仪器采用西门子G50,HDI-4000彩超诊断仪,探头频率10MHz,超声检查时患者仰卧,…