缓释厄贝沙坦涂层支架置入对内膜增生的影响

目的:探讨缓释厄贝沙坦涂层支架置入对内膜增生的影响。方法:建立冠状动脉支架置入的广西种的微型猪动物模型,分别置入普通裸支架和缓释厄贝沙坦涂层支架。于支架置入后3、7、28、90和180d截取支架段血管连同邻近的近端正常血管段,通过病理组织学分析和聚合酶链反应技术检测支架局部内膜增生情况。结果:正常血管段表达PCNAmRNA在各个时间段差异没有显著性。普通支架置入后3d局部血管壁PCNAmRNA的表达明显增高,并在术后7d达到高峰。术后90dPCNAmRNA的表达呈现下降的趋势,但仍显著高于正常血管段,并且差异一直持续到术后180d。术后第3天药物支架段PCNAmRNA的表达明显增高,并在术后7d达到高峰。术后7d药物支架段PCNAmRNA的表达已显著低于普通支架段,并且差异一直持续到术后90d。术后90～180d药物支架段内膜加中膜面积明显小于普通支架段。结论:缓释厄贝沙坦涂层支架置入可在一定程度上减少支架置入后内膜的增生反应。     

Multiple occipital defects caused by arachnoid granulations: Emphasis on T2 mapping

A 56-year-old man presented with a 6-mo history of headache. Although neurological and laboratory examinations were normal, computed tomography (CT) scan was performed which revealed multiple occipital osteolytic lesions, which were suspected to be multiple myeloma. Subsequently nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that these lesions presented with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-like signal intensity, no diffusional restriction and intrinsic mass-like enhancement on conventional sequences were seen. T2 relaxation time was similar to that of CSF in the ventricles and adjacent subarachnoid space on T2-mapping. Single photon emission CT with 99m Tc-Methyl diphosphonate was performed which revealed no increased radiotracing accumulation. Finally, these lesions were diagnosed as mutiple arachnoid granulations (AGs). The headache was treated symptomatically with medical therapy. On follow up examination after 6 mo no evidence of tumor was detected. This report aimed to illustrate the appearance and differentiation of occipital defects caused by multiple AGs on CT and MRI, with emphasis on the findings from T2 mapping.     

Comparison between successful and failed sit-to-stand trials of a patient after traumatic brain injury

OBJECTIVE: To compare the peak whole-body center of mass (COM) velocities and joint angular contributions in successful and unsuccessful sit-to-stand (STS) trials in a subject with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Single-case study. SETTING: Motion research laboratory. PARTICIPANT: A 24-year-old man who was 3.5 years post-TBI. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Peak horizontal and vertical velocities of the whole-body COM and peak angular velocities of the ankle, knee, hip, and shoulder joints. RESULTS: The peak whole-body COM vertical velocity was significantly lower in the unsuccessful STS trials. Angular velocities at the hip, knee, ankle, and shoulder joints in successful trials exceeded those in unsuccessful trials (P<.001). The subject's peak knee extension velocity was the single major predictor of the peak whole-body COM vertical velocity (r(2)=.90). Knee extension angular velocities greater than 3.25 radian/s were associated with successful STS trials. Knee extension angular velocities between 2.75 and 3.25 radian/s were associated with successful rising 50% of the time; the subject had no success in rising when velocities were less than 2.75 radian/s. CONCLUSIONS: For this subject, sit-back failures occurred in STS attempts characterized by peak whole-body COM vertical velocities that were lower than those generated in successful rising trials. These unsuccessful rising attempts were primarily the result of the subject's inability to generate sufficient knee extension angular velocity.     

孕妇对产前检查的依从性及其影响因素的调查分析

目的调查孕妇对产前检查的依从性及其影响因素，为提高孕妇产前检查的依从性提供思路和方法。方法采用自拟问卷，对广州市某三级甲等医院妇产科住院孕产妇共100例进行现场问卷调查，了解孕妇对产前检查的依从性及影响产前检查依从性的因素，并对结果进行分析。结果68．4％的孕妇产检次数未达标，平均次数为5次。年龄≤30岁和年龄〉30岁的孕妇产检次数未达标率分别为70．4％、65．9％，二者比较差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。学龄≤9年和学龄〉9年的孕妇产检次数未达标率分别为83.3％和50．0％，不定期做产检率分别为59．3％和29．5％，差异均有统计学意义，P〈0．01。本地人口比流动人口产检次数的达标率要高，二者比较差异有统计学意义，P〈0．01。家庭收入〉3000元／月比家庭收入≤3000元／月的孕妇对产检的依从性好，P〈0．05。70％以上的孕妇认为有无妊娠危险因素、丈夫是否支持、当地医疗条件以及医务人员服务态度这4个因素对自己是否去做产检有影响。结论产前检查在低学历、流动人VI和家庭收入低的孕妇群体中依从性较差。针对影响产检的因素，如何提高这类孕妇的产检依从性值得进一步研究。     

血管内皮生长因子和血小板凝集素-1在膀胱癌中的表达

目的观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与血小板凝集素-1(TSP-1)在不同分级的膀胱肿瘤中的表达。方法2000年4月~2003年9月的70例膀胱肿瘤患者切除标本,其中G1期28例、G2期27例、G3期15例(采用WHO病理分级),采用免疫组化法对标本进行染色,VEGF和TSP-1的表达均采用平均血管密度(MVD)表示,SPSS 10.0软件进行统计学分析,然后采用免疫荧光双染判断共表达,用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察。结果VEGF表达的MVD值与肿瘤分级呈正相关;G1与G2期有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),G2期与G3无显著性差异(P>0.1);TSP-1表达的MVD值随着肿瘤分级增加而降低,但无相关关系,但G1期与G2、G3期有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),G2期与G3无显著性差异(P>0.1);在G1期,TSP-1的表达与VEGF的表达无相关关系(rs=0.167,P>0.1);激光扫描荧光双染显示,VEGF与TSP-1可以同时表达。结论VEGF的表达随膀胱肿瘤分级增加而增强;VEGF是促进肿瘤形成的因素;TSP-1是抑制肿瘤血管形成的因素,但其抑制作用仅发生在初期;荧光双染仅可提供共同表达的证据,不能判断表达的高低。     

Nitric oxide donor,NOC7, reveals dose dependently and cGMP pathway independently biphasic effects on contractile force of isolated rat heart after global ischemia

Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate whether the 3-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitroso-hydrazino)-N-methyl-1-propanamine (NOC7), an ideal NO donor was dose dependently and cGMP-independent in restored cardiac function after global ischemia in an isolated rat heart model. Methods: Langendorff preparations of an isolated rat heart model were established. Isolated rat hearts (n = 40) were randomly divided into 5 groups (ischemic control group, NOC7 groups and NOC7+NS2028 groups). All groups were subjected to 35 min global ischemia, followed by 30 min reperfusion with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (KHB), and NOC7, NOC7+NS2028 at 2 and 200 μM, respectively. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), the maximum and the minimal rate of rise in LVP (±dP/dt), and coronary flows were measured continuously. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were measured in myocardium homogenate, using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Results: 30 min of global ischemia increased LVDP to 121.9±11.5% at 35 min of reperfusion of 2 μM NOC7 group and 2 μM NOC7 associated with NS2028 group from the ischemic control group (P < 0.05). While in 200 μM NOC7 group and 200 μM NOC7 associated with NS2028 group, the LVDP value only slightly reduced, resulting in a value of only 45.3±10.4% and 35.3±6.0% of baseline (P > 0.05). Conclusion: NOC7 has biphasic effect on isolated rat heart after ischemia and reperfusion myocardial contractility. This biphasic effect shows neither concentration-dependent nor the cGMP-dependent characteristics.     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞及不同组织中17β－雌二醇的表达情况

目的:通过检测17β-雌二醇在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)和不同组织中的表达情况,初步探索非性腺源性雌激素的分泌情况,为进一步研究BMSCs的生理功能以及绝经后骨质疏松的发病机制提供依据。方法:Elisa法检测0、24、48 h时BMSCS培养上清及细胞裂解物中的17β-雌二醇水平。选取SD大鼠不同组织,称重后物理破碎,Elisa法检测不同组织中的17β-雌二醇含量。结果:48 h培养上清中17β-雌二醇浓度较24 h培养上清中明显升高(P<0.05)。卵巢及软骨组织中17β-雌二醇的浓度高于其他组织,但不具有明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:大鼠BMSCs可自身合成及分泌17β-雌二醇,其浓度在一定范围内与时间成正比,但对其自身或周围组织是否具有自分泌或旁分泌作用,还有待进一步研究。大鼠不同组织中17β-雌二醇浓度无明显差异,说明其旁分泌现象可能普遍存在且无性腺依赖性,但是否由该被测位点分泌尚需要进一步研究。这种非性腺源性的雌激素可能会成为绝经后参与骨代谢并维持女性骨骼健康的主要雌激素来源。     

多药耐药基因1 C3435T和C1236T多态性与癫痫患者苯巴比妥血清药物浓度的关系

目的以中国汉族癫痫儿童为研究对象,探讨多药耐药基因1(MDR1)基因C3435T和C1236T多态性对抗癫痫药苯巴比妥药物浓度的影响。方法符合癫痫诊断标准的癫痫患者90例,服用苯巴比妥,抽取受试者外周静脉血,采用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性方法对服用苯巴比妥癫痫患者进行MDR1基因C3435T和C1236T分型,同时采用荧光偏振免疫法测定苯巴比妥的血清浓度,比较不同基因型间苯巴比妥(PB)血清浓度差异。结果 MDR1基因C3435T多态性中,PB在基因型CT、CC和TT基因型中血清浓度分别为7.02±0.89μg·m L-1,8.12±1.0μg·m L-1,6.32±0.78μg·m L-1;3基因型间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MDR1基因C1236T多态性中,苯巴比妥在CT、CC和TT基因型血清浓度分别6.72±0.91μg·m L-1,7.13±0.8μg·m L-1,8.2±0.63μg·m L-1;3基因型间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MDR1基因C3435T和C1236T多态性不影响抗癫痫药苯巴比妥药物浓度。