基于复杂网络分析高颖教授防治多发性硬化复发与残疾的用药规律

[目的] 旨在总结高颖教授防治多发性硬化复发与残疾的用药规律以及治疗思路。[方法] 针对复发与残疾具有一定疗效的中药处方,采用python、Gephi软件进行复杂网络分析,同时针对核心中药群进行聚类分析。[结果] 152个有效处方的复杂网络分析显示：共162个节点,3 883条边,平均节点度为47.94。其中核心节点为熟地黄、郁金、山茱萸、茯苓等。在矩阵列表中,共生成3 884组相互关联的配伍,其中权重最高为熟地黄与山茱萸。[结论] 核心方药为熟地黄、郁金、山茱萸、茯苓、豨莶草、知母、女贞子、萆薢、威灵仙、黄芩等,常用的配伍为熟地黄与山茱萸、熟地黄与茯苓、山茱萸与茯苓等,主要治法以补益肝肾为主,兼清热化湿、解毒通络,蕴涵动态变化、阴阳协调、攻补权衡的灵活辨治思路。     

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the retroperitoneum

A 33-year-old woman was referred to Iida Municipal Hospital because of left back pain. Computed tomography showed a tumor (17 x 11 x 10 cm) in the left retroperitoneal space. T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed an inhomogeneous mass with marginal blood vessels. The tumor was resected via lumbar oblique incision with the thoraco-abdominal approach. The tumor weighed 1800 g and consisted of nests of 5-100 large, loosely arranged, polygonal cells, surrounded by capillaries, resembling alveoli. The tumor cells were rich in cytoplasm, containing periodic acid-Schiff- and diastase-positive granules and typical crystals. The pathological diagnosis was alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS). Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is a rare soft-tissue tumor that accounts for approximately 0.5-1% of soft-tissue sarcomas. Such tumors originating in the retroperitoneal space are extremely rare. Herein is reported a case of ASPS of the retroperitoneum with radiological and pathological findings.     

Clinical efficacy of the FLUTTER device for airway mucus clearance in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis

Abstract Expectoration of mucus is important in preventing the development of airway inflammation in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the FLUTTER device in clearing mucus from the airways of patients with DPB who have difficulty expectorating, we assessed pulmonary function and symptoms in patients treated with FLUTTER. Eight patients in a stable clinical condition with DPB were included in the study. The study was divided into two consecutive, 1-week periods. The initial week was an observation week. During the following week, patients used FLUTTER four times daily. Expectorated sputum was collected in a container and weighed every day during 2 weeks. Pulmonary function, partial oxygen pressure and partial carbon dioxide pressure in arterial blood were measured in all patients on the last day of the observation week and the FLUTTER treatment week. A symptom score for difficulty of expectoration was determined by questionnaire. A pneumothorax developed in one patient during using FLUTTER. The mean daily sputum weight and peak expiratory flow rate increased significantly after treatment with FLUTTER ( P < 0.04 and P< 0.02, respectively). Symptom score improved significantly after using FLUTTER ( P < 0.02). We conclude that the use of FLUTTER is effective in clearing mucus from the airways. However, the development of a pneumothorax may complicate use of the procedure in some cases.     

Characterization of epitopes on a 32 kDa merozoite surface protein of Theileria sergenti

Epitopes on a 32 kDa protein, which is an immunodominant major surface protein ofTheileria sergenti, recognized by anti-merozoite monoclonal antibodies were characterized. The results of a competetive binding assay between monoclonal antibodies indicated that there were at least three epitopes in this protein. The presence of repeated epitopes was suggested by using two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein was partitioned into the detergent phase of Triton X-114 extracts, indicating that the 32 kDa protein is an integral membrane protein. Periodate treatment of 32 kDa protein implies that one epitope of the epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibody has a carbohydrate moiety.     

Findings of Portal Hypertensive Gastroenteropathy Using Infrared Electronic Endoscopy

Abstract: The aim of this study was to ascertain how and in what form portal hypertensivive gastroenteropathy affects the submucosal vasculature using an infrared electronic endoscope (IREE), which is capable of visualizing the submucosal vasculature. Subjects were 46 patients with liver cirrhosis (19 in Child-Pugh class A, 21 in B, and 6 in class C). In 37 of 46 patients, the submucosal vasculature of the stomach was visualized using IREE and morphologic features were studied in relation to the severity of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG; none, mild and severe). In the remaining 9 patients, the submucosal vasculature of the rectum and sigmoid colon was observed with IREE. IREE images of blood vessels of the gastric submucosa demonstrated withered branch-like vessels (35.1%), multiple dotted or spotted stains at terminations of branches (32.4%), vascular ectasia-like circular stains (11%) and dilated tortuous venules of relatively large caliber around the cardia and in the upper region of the stomach (18.8%). This feature around the cardia was observed more frequently in patients with complications of gastric varices (55.6%). In relation to the severity of PHG, the incidence of withered branch-like vessels was significantly higher in the severe gastropathy group than in the non-gastropathy group. Dotted or spotted stains were most frequently observed in the severe gastropathy group. Visual examination of the colorectal mucosa with IREE noted withered branch-like vessels in 7 of 9 cases. In 3 of 9 patients, dilated venules were seen running in the anorectal submucosa and joining the rectal varices. In conclusion, morphological changes due to congestion were found in portal hypertensive gastroenteropathy using IREE in submucosal venules of relatively large caliber and even in the venous plexus in the vicinity of the muscularis mucosa. (Dig Endosc 1999; 11: 144–149)     

Effect of diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidinemalonate on rat liver and AFP-positive cells in 3'-Me-DAB hepatocarcinogenesis

The simultaneous administration of diisopropyl, 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidinemalonate (malotilate) suppressed the proliferation of AFP-positive oval cells, the formation of hyperplastic nodules and the appearance of clusters of AFP-positive cells in rat liver with hyperplastic nodules in 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3′-Me-DAB) hepatocarcinogenesis. The development of hepatocarcinoma, induced by 3′-Me-DAB, was delayed in rats treated with malotilate; therefore, the simultaneous administration of malotilate worked as an inhibitory effect on 3′-Me-DAB hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Differential response of bovine T–cell lines to membrane and soluble antigens of Theileria parva schizont–infected cells

T-cell lines generated from Theileria parva-immune cattle were used to identify antigens associated with schizont-infected lymphoblastoid cells. Homogenates prepared from T. parva-infected cells were fractionated by differential centrifugation, and antigenically distinct soluble and membrane-bound antigens were detected by the differential stimulation of cell lines derived from two animals. Activity in the soluble fraction was not attributable to either a mitogen or interleukin 2. Activity in the membrane fraction was associated with schizont membranes as indicated by the presence in this fraction of a parasite protein detected by immunoblot analysis using a schizont-specific monoclonal antibody. Elimination of intracellular schizonts over time, using the anti-theilerial drug, parvaquone, resulted in a concomitant loss of antigenicity in infected cells and in subcellular fractions prepared from drug-treated cells, demonstrating that stimulation of Theileria-specific helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses is associated with the presence of the parasite.     

Effect of atropine on responses of exocrine pancreas and plasma cholecystokinin to intraduodenal amino acids in dogs

The effect of atropine on responses of exocrine pancreas and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) to intraduodenal mixed amino acids has been studied in conscious dogs with Thomas gastric and duodenal fistulae. Intraduodenal amino acids provoked significant increase of pancreatic protein output and of plasma CCK concentration. Atropine significantly reduced protein output only in the initial peak after amino acid administration. Atropine had no significant effect on plasma CCK. It is indicated that cholinergic nerves predominate in the early pancreatic protein response to intraduodenal amino acids and CCK prevails in the later phase, though these two factors do not seem to be the only factors responsible for the secretion.