Nebulized budesonide versus oral steroid in severe exacerbations of childhood asthma

The aim of this study was to assess whether nebulized budesonide may substitute for oral prednisolone in the management of children whose asthma is severe enough to warrant hospital admission, but who have no life threatening features. In a prospective, double-blind, randomized study nebulized budesonide (2 mg 8 hourly) was compared with oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg at entry and again at 24 h) in 46 children admitted to hospital with severe asthma exacerbations. Efficacy variables (including lung function measurements such as the primary outcome variable, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV₁) and symptoms) were measured 24 h after treatment initiation. FEV₁ improved significantly compared to baseline in patients who received nebulized budesonide compared to the prednislone group. The data show nebulized budesonide to be at least as effective as oral steroid in improving lung function and symptom severity in severe exacerbations of childhood asthma.     

一个新型的双二萜生物碱

普格乌头(Aconitum pukeense W.T.Wang)分布于云南东北部和四川西南部,生长在海拔3400～3500米山地谷中竹林边或沟边。因其根部毒性很强,可用作箭毒,在云南巧家药山又称之为弩箭药。民间常将其泡制后用于治疗跌打损伤等症。该植物的化学成     

弯喙乌头的化学成分研究

从弯喙乌头(Aconitum campylorrhynchum)中分离出一个微量新生物碱,经光谱和化学方法证明为8-乙酰嘟啦碱-(8-acetytdolaconine,Ⅰ),同时分离得到2个已知生物碱;即嘟啦碱(Ⅱ)和aconosine,(Ⅲ),后者是该植物的主要生物碱成分,在非生物碱部分还分离得到β-谷甾醇,棕榈酸和香豆酸。     

昆明山海棠化学成分研究

从昆明山海棠(Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.)Hutch)根中分得三个单体,经光谱分析鉴定晶1为已知物雷藤二萜酸(triptoditerpenic acid),晶2和晶3为新二萜化合物,分别命名为雷藤二萜酸B(triptoditerpenic acid B)和山海棠二萜内酯A(hypodiolide A)。     

Recombinant tumor necrosis factor causes activation of human granulocytes

We have tested the hypothesis that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), by binding to and activating granulocytes, may contribute to the pathogenesis of gram-negative sepsis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Buffy coat granulocytes incubated with as little as 0.5 ng/mL of recombinant TNF (rTNF) showed a dose-related increase in nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction, in granulocyte polarization, in superoxide anion release, and in visually apparent aggregation. Purified lipopolysaccharide (1 microgram/mL) caused polymorphonuclear (PMN) aggregation and activation that was neutralized by polymyxin B. The release of superoxide was augmented by preincubation of the PMNs with gamma-interferon. The effect of TNF was neutralized by TNF- specific murine monoclonal antibodies but not by polymyxin B. Scatchard analysis of 125I-rTNF binding to granulocytes revealed about 1,200 receptors per cell with a Kd of 4.9 X 10(-10) mol/L. These results suggest that the release of TNF by mononuclear phagocytes contributes to granulocyte activation and aggregation during inflammation.     

苦红菇化学成分的研究

从野生真菌苦红菇(Russula rosacea(Bull)Grrayem,Fr.)子实体酸性部分得到两个新的四环三萜酸化合物,经光谱(IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS)、尤其是二维核磁共振(¹³C-¹HCOSY,COLOC,NOEDIFF)谱解析,确定其结构分别如Ⅰ和Ⅱ所示,Ⅰ命名为苦红菇酸A(rosaceaacidA),Ⅱ为苦红菇酸B(rosaceaacidB)。