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121.
Marmion BP Harris RJ Storm PA Semendric L 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》2002,95(12):832-833
Sir, In the concluding paragraph of his editorial,1 Dr Raoult makesa statement about the dangers of false-positive PCR assays arisingfrom DNA contamination during the detection of Coxiella burnetii.The caution references a study2 from our Q fever Research Group.The general reader is likely to conclude that the artifactsmentioned by Raoult invalidate our observations. We urge thereader to study the actualities of 相似文献
122.
123.
de Vries H Mudde A Leijs I Charlton A Vartiainen E Buijs G Clemente MP Storm H González Navarro A Nebot M Prins T Kremers S 《Health education research》2003,18(5):611-626
A smoking prevention project in six European countries (European Smoking prevention Framework Approach) was developed, featuring activities for adolescents, schools and parents, including out-of-school activities. Consensus meetings resulted in agreement between the countries on goals, objectives and theoretical methods. Countries' specific objectives were also included. National diversities required country-specific methods to realize the goals and objectives. The community intervention trial was used as the research design. Since interventions took place at the community level, communities or regions were allocated at random to the experimental or control conditions. Complete randomization was achieved in four countries. At baseline, smoking prevalence among 23 125 adolescents at the start of the project was 5.6% for regular smoking and 4.0% for daily smoking. Smoking prevalence rates were higher among girls than boys in all countries as far as weekly smoking was concerned. Process evaluations revealed that the project's ambitions were high, but were limited by various constraints including time and delays in receiving funds. Future smoking prevention projects should aim to identify the effective components within the social influence approach as well as within broader approaches and on reaching sustained effects. 相似文献
124.
Cancer incidence among 10,211 airline pilots: a Nordic study 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Pukkala E Aspholm R Auvinen A Eliasch H Gundestrup M Haldorsen T Hammar N Hrafnkelsson J Kyyrönen P Linnersjö A Rafnsson V Storm H Tveten U 《Aviation, space, and environmental medicine》2003,74(7):699-706
BACKGROUND: Commercial airline pilots are exposed to cosmic radiation and other potentially carcinogenic elements during work and leisure activities. HYPOTHESIS: Work-related factors affect cancer pattern of the pilots. METHODS: A cohort of 10,051 male and 160 female airline pilots from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden was followed for cancer incidence through the national cancer registries. There were 177,000 person-years at follow-up, 51,000 of them accumulated after 20 yr since the time of first employment. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were defined as ratios of observed over expected numbers of cases based on national cancer incidence rates. Dose-response analyses were done with Poisson regression method. RESULTS: Among male pilots, there were 466 cases of cancer diagnosed vs. 456 expected. The only significantly increased SIRs concerned skin cancer: melanoma 2.3 (95% CI 1.7-3.0), squamous cell cancer 2.1 (1.7-2.8), and basal cell carcinoma 2.5 (1.9-3.2). The relative risk of skin cancers increased with the time since first employment, the number of flight hours, and the estimated radiation dose. There was an increase in the relative risk of prostate cancer with increasing number of flight hours in long-distance aircraft (p trend 0.01). No increased incidence was found for acute myeloid leukemia or brain cancer which were of interest a priori based on earlier studies. CONCLUSIONS: This large study, based on reliable cancer incidence data, showed an increased incidence of skin cancer. It did not indicate a marked increase in cancer risk attributable to cosmic radiation although some influence of cosmic radiation on skin cancer cannot be entirely excluded. 相似文献
125.
Ara G Baher A Storm N Horan T Baikalov C Brisan E Camacho R Moore A Goldman H Kohno T Cattley RC Van G Gaida K Zhang M Whoriskey JS Fong D Yoshinaga SK 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2003,103(4):501-507
We have characterized a receptor:ligand pair, ICOS:B7RP-1, that is structurally and functionally related to CD28:B7.1/2. We reported previously that B7RP-1 costimulates T cell proliferation and immune responses (Yoshinaga et al., Nature 1999;402:827-32; Guo et al., J Immunol 2001;166:5578-84; Yoshinaga et al., Int Immunol 2000;12:1439-47). We report that B7RP-1-Fc causes rejection or growth inhibition of Meth A, SA-1 and EMT6 tumors in syngeneic mice. Established Meth A tumors were rejected effectively with a single dose of B7RP-1-Fc, however, the treatment was less effective on larger tumors. Mice that rejected Meth A tumors previously by Day 30, also rejected a subsequent Meth A challenge on Day 60, without additional B7RP-1-Fc treatment, indicating a long-lived memory response. Tumor cells believed to be less immunogenic, such as P815 and EL-4 cells, were less responsive to this treatment. The EL-4 responsiveness to the B7RP-1-Fc treatment was enhanced, however, by pre-treatment of the mice with cyclophosphamide. As expected, T cells appeared to be targeted by B7RP-1-Fc treatment. Thus, the administration of soluble B7RP-1-Fc may have therapeutic value in generating or enhancing anti-tumor activity in a clinical setting. 相似文献
126.
Peptide-targeted PEG-liposomes in anti-angiogenic therapy 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Janssen AP Schiffelers RM ten Hagen TL Koning GA Schraa AJ Kok RJ Storm G Molema G 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2003,254(1):55-58
Peptides with the RGD amino acid sequence show affinity for the alpha(v)beta(3) integrin, an integrin which is over-expressed on angiogenic endothelium and involved in cell adhesion. A peptide with the sequence ATWLPPR has been demonstrated to show affinity for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, a receptor involved in the proliferation of endothelial cells. By coupling these peptides to liposomes, these liposomes can serve as a site-specific drug delivery system to tumor endothelial cells in order to inhibit angiogenesis. In the present study we demonstrate that the coupling of cyclic RGD-peptides or ATWLPPR-peptides to the surface of PEG-liposomes results in binding of these liposomes to endothelial cells in vitro. Subsequent studies with RGD-peptide targeted liposomes in vivo also demonstrate specific binding to the tumor endothelium. 相似文献
127.
Action potentials and associated Ca2+ influx can be followed by slow after-hyperpolarizations (sAHPs) caused by a voltage-insensitive, Ca2+-dependent K+ current. Slow AHPs are a widespread phenomenon in mammalian (including human) neurons and are present in both peripheral and central nervous systems. Although, the molecular identity of ion channels responsible for common membrane potential mechanisms has been largely determined, the nature of the channels that underlie the sAHPs in neurons, both in the brain and in the periphery, remains unresolved. This short review discusses why there is no clear molecular candidate for sAHPs. 相似文献
128.
Thomsen C Storm H Holst JJ Hermansen K 《The American journal of clinical nutrition》2003,77(3):605-611
BACKGROUND: Postprandial lipemia is important in the development of coronary artery disease because of elevated postprandial triacylglycerol-rich plasma lipoproteins and suppressed HDL-cholesterol concentrations. We showed in healthy subjects a possible association between postprandial lipid metabolism and the responses of the duodenal incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide after meals rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid), respectively. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare the postprandial responses (8 h) of glucose, insulin, fatty acids, triacylglycerol, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and GLP-1 to saturated- and monounsaturated-rich test meals. DESIGN: Twelve overweight patients with type 2 diabetes ingested 3 meals randomly: an energy-free soup with 50 g carbohydrate (control meal), the control meal plus 100 g butter, and the control meal plus 80 g olive oil. Triacylglycerol responses were measured in total plasma and in a chylomicron-rich and a chylomicron-poor fraction. RESULTS: No significant differences in the glucose, insulin, or fatty acid responses to the 2 fat-rich meals were seen. The plasma triacylglycerol and chylomicron triacylglycerol responses were highest after the butter meal. HDL-cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly after the butter meal but did not change significantly after the olive oil meal. GLP-1 responses were highest after the olive oil meal. CONCLUSIONS: Olive oil induced lower triacylglycerol concentrations and higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations than did butter, without eliciting significant changes in glucose, insulin, or fatty acids. Furthermore, olive oil induced higher concentrations of GLP-1, which may indicate a relation between fatty acid composition, incretin responses, and triacylglycerol metabolism postprandially in patients with type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
129.
Liposomes to target the lymphatics by subcutaneous administration 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Liposomes have been proposed as carriers for the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to the lymphatic system. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection is the route of administration most extensively studied for this purpose. Decisive factors influencing lymphatic absorption and lymph node uptake of s.c. administered liposomes are liposome size and the anatomical site of injection. Generally, other factors such as lipid composition, charge and the presence of a hydrophilic PEG-coating on the liposome surface do not substantially affect lymphatic absorption and lymph node uptake of s.c. administered liposomes. Studies on the intranodal fate of liposomes demonstrate that phagocytosis by macrophages is the most important mechanism for lymph node uptake of liposomes. The observation of relatively high uptake of liposomes in regional lymph nodes after s.c. administration has stimulated research on lymphatic targeting of liposomes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. 相似文献
130.
Schiffelers RM Storm G Bakker-Woudenberg IA 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2001,214(1-2):103-105
Sterically stabilized liposomes are able to localize selectively at sites of infection, potentially permitting targeted drug delivery. Up to now, the majority of studies investigating therapeutic efficacy of liposomes have been conducted in animals with an intact host defense infected with high antibiotic-susceptible bacteria. In the present study, the therapeutic efficacy of gentamicin encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes, alone or in combination with the free drug was studied in rats with intact host defense as well as leukopenic rats. Rats were inoculated with a high gentamicin-susceptible or low-gentamicin susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae in the left lung, resulting in an acute unilateral pneumonia. Survival rates demonstrate the valuable therapeutic properties of the liposome-encapsulated drug in these clinically relevant animal models. 相似文献