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S. E. Blair N. N. Cokcetin E. J. Harry D. A. Carter 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2009,28(10):1199-1208
There is an urgent need for new, effective agents in topical wound care, and selected honeys show potential in this regard.
Using a medical-grade honey, eight species of problematic wound pathogens, including those with high levels of innate or acquired
antibiotic resistance, were killed by 4.0–14.8% honey, which is a concentration that can be maintained in the wound environment.
Resistance to honey could not be induced under conditions that rapidly induced resistance to antibiotics. Escherichia coli macroarrays were used to determine the response of bacterial cells to a sub-lethal dose of honey. The pattern of gene expression
differed to that reported for other antimicrobial agents, indicating that honey acts in a unique and multifactorial way; 78
(2%) genes were upregulated and 46 (1%) genes were downregulated more than two-fold upon exposure to the medical-grade honey.
Most of the upregulated genes clustered into distinct functional regulatory groups, with many involved in stress responses,
and the majority of downregulated genes encoded for products involved in protein synthesis. Taken together, these data indicate
that honey is an effective topical antimicrobial agent that could help reduce some of the current pressures that are promoting
antibiotic resistance. 相似文献
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Bryan C. Mendelson Steve R. Jacobson Alain M. Lavoipierre Richard J. Huggins 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》2010,34(4):455-461
Facial appearance is largely determined by the morphology of the underlying skeleton. Hydroxyapatite is one of several materials
available to enhance projection of the facial skeleton. This study evaluated the long-term maintenance of augmented bony projection
when porous hydroxyapatite granules are used on the facial skeleton. Ten female patients aged 28–58 years were studied following
aesthetic augmentation of the facial skeleton at 24 sites using porous hydroxyapatite granules. Postoperative CT scans at
3 months served as the baseline measurement and compared with scans taken at 1 and 2 years, with the thickness of the hydroxyapatite
measured in axial and coronal planes. Thickness of original bone plus overlay of hydroxyapatite, thickness of the overlying
soft tissue, and the overall projection (bone plus soft tissue) were recorded. It was found that 99.7% of the hydroxyapatite
was maintained at 2 years, with no statistical difference (t test) from the baseline measurement. The overall projection (bony and soft tissue) was maintained as there was no evidence
of native bone resorption or soft tissue atrophy. Radiographic results confirmed that the use of porous hydroxyapatite granules
for enhancement of the facial skeleton is not only a predictable procedure, but maintains full bony projection at 2 years. 相似文献
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Madhusudan Grover MD Jan Busby‐Whitehead MD Mary H. Palmer RN PhD Steve Heymen PhD Olafur S. Palsson PhD Patricia S. Goode MD Marsha Turner MS William E. Whitehead PhD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2010,58(6):1058-1062
OBJECTIVES: Determine the effect of fecal incontinence (FI) on healthcare providers' decisions to refer patients for nursing home (NH) placement. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Questionnaires were e‐mailed to participants' homes or offices. Participants could also volunteer at the 2008 American Geriatric Society annual meeting in Washington, DC. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand randomly selected physician members and all 181 nurse practitioner members of the American Geriatrics Society were surveyed. MEASUREMENTS: The survey presented a clinical scenario of a 70‐year‐old woman ready for discharge from a hospital and asked about the likelihood of making a NH referral if the patient had no incontinence, urinary incontinence (UI) alone, or FI. Subsequent questions modified the clinical situation to include other conditions that might affect the decision to refer. A second survey of respondents to Survey 1 addressed possible moderators of the decision to refer (e.g., family caregiver presence, diarrhea or constipation, other physical or psychiatric limitations). Significance of differences in the relative risk (RR) for NH referral was tested using the chi‐square test. RESULTS: Seven hundred sixteen members (24.7% response rate) completed the first survey, and 686 of the 716 (96%) completed the second. FI increased the likelihood of NH referral (RR=4.71, P<.001) more than UI did (RR=1.90, P<.001). Mobility restrictions, cognitive decline, and multiple chronic illnesses increased the likelihood of NH referral more than FI alone (P<.001 for each), but in all scenarios, adding FI further increased the likelihood of referral (P<.001). Having family caregivers willing to help with toileting attenuated the likelihood of referral. CONCLUSION: FI increases the probability that geriatricians will refer to a NH. More‐aggressive outpatient treatment of FI might delay or prevent NH referral, improve quality of life, and reduce healthcare costs. 相似文献
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Few clinical cases have been published on Stickler syndrome type III, and all describe the pediatric presentation. We describe
an adult presentation of the syndrome in a 67-year-old woman and provide a report on the clinical and radiographic features
supporting diagnosis. A chart review and updated investigations were performed to elucidate the presenting history and disease
progression in the patient. Clinically, the patient was 42 years old when she presented with a 22-year history of bilateral
knee pain and atypical osteoarthritis (OA) of an inflammatory but non-erosive character. The patient also reported increasing
hearing loss for high-pitched frequencies. Radiography/X-rays at age 42 years showed severe, non-erosive tri-compartmental
OA changes. Atypical destructive changes were identified in the small joints. The son of the patient developed left knee pain
and bilateral knee swelling since the age of 9 years. He was diagnosed with early-onset OA and also underwent bilateral knee
arthroplasties in his third decade, similar to his mother. The grandson presented at age 4 years, with recurrent, acute episodes
of pain and swelling in his ankles and knees and was diagnosed with pediatric OA. A mutation of the COL11A2 gene was confirmed
in the patient at aged 63 years. This is the first clinical case report on the adult presentation of Stickler syndrome type
III. In particular, early-onset OA or an unrecognized skeletal dysplasia can be considered as rationale for genetic testing,
screening, and surveillance of both past and present family members of an affected patient. 相似文献
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