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排序方式: 共有490条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
481.
Elucidating the prognostic significance of KRAS,NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer 下载免费PDF全文
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Germline deletions in the tumour suppressor gene FOCAD are associated with polyposis and colorectal cancer development 下载免费PDF全文
Robbert DA Weren Ramprasath Venkatachalam Jean‐Baptiste Cazier Henner F Farin C Marleen Kets Richarda M de Voer Lilian Vreede Eugène TP Verwiel Monique van Asseldonk Eveline J Kamping Lambertus A Kiemeney Kornelia Neveling Katja KH Aben Luis Carvajal‐Carmona Iris D Nagtegaal Hans K Schackert Hans Clevers Marc van de Wetering Ian P Tomlinson Marjolijn JL Ligtenberg Nicoline Hoogerbrugge Ad Geurts van Kessel Roland P Kuiper 《The Journal of pathology》2015,236(2):155-164
Heritable genetic variants can significantly affect the lifetime risk of developing cancer, including polyposis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Variants in genes currently known to be associated with a high risk for polyposis or CRC, however, explain only a limited number of hereditary cases. The identification of additional genetic causes is, therefore, crucial to improve CRC prevention, detection and treatment. We have performed genome‐wide and targeted DNA copy number profiling and resequencing in early‐onset and familial polyposis/CRC patients, and show that deletions affecting the open reading frame of the tumour suppressor gene FOCAD are recurrent and significantly enriched in CRC patients compared with unaffected controls. All patients carrying FOCAD deletions exhibited a personal or family history of polyposis. RNA in situ hybridization revealed FOCAD expression in epithelial cells in the colonic crypt, the site of tumour initiation, as well as in colonic tumours and organoids. Our data suggest that monoallelic germline deletions in the tumour suppressor gene FOCAD underlie moderate genetic predisposition to the development of polyposis and CRC. © 2015 Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 相似文献
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R Dangarembizi KH Erlwanger E Chivandi 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2014,11(2):285-291
Background
Ficus thonningii is commonly used in traditional medicine across the African continent. We investigated the effects of crude Ficus thonningii extracts on growth, morphology and morphometry of the abdominal viscera and clinical biochemistry of neonatal rats.Materials and Methods
Forty, 6-day old Sprague Dawley rat pups were orally gavaged once daily with either low (50 mg.kg−1 b.w) or high (500 mg.kg−1 b.w) doses of aqueous or methanolic F. thonningii leaf extracts while the control received distilled water. After 7 days of treatment, the pups were euthanased and gross morphometric measurements of the abdominal visceral organs were recorded. Samples of the liver, caecum and proximal small intestine were processed for histology. Plasma biochemical parameters were analysed colorimetrically.Results
High methanolic doses of F. thonningii extracts exhibited trophic effects on the stomach while both aqueous and methanolic extracts had trophic effects on the ceacal mucosa of rats. No significant growth-promoting effects were observed in other visceral organs. Histological analysis revealed no mucosal damage or necrosis. Clinical biochemistry parameters were not abnormally altered. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05, ANOVA) in the plasma concentration of non-fasting glucose in the high methanolic group but triglycerides and cholesterol were unaltered.Conclusion
The findings suggest that at low doses, F. thonningii extracts can be safely used without the risk of any disruption in the structural integrity of the neonatal rat GIT and function of the liver and kidneys. 相似文献486.
CH Siar K Nakano KH Ng M Tomida H Nagatsuka T Kawakami 《European journal of medical research》2010,15(4):180-184
Background
Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign odontogenic epithelial neoplasm. A slow-growing painless expansive swelling is the common presenting symptom. Histopathologically, SOT can be easily misdiagnosed as an acanthomatous ameloblastoma. Although Notch receptors and ligands have been shown to play a role in cell fate decisions in ameloblastomas, the role of these cell signaling molecules in SOT is unknown.Case report
This paper describes a case of SOT affecting the anterior mandible of a 10-year-old Indian female. The patient was treated by local surgical excision and there has been no follow-up clinical record of recurrence 5 years after primary treatment. Histopathological examination revealed a solid, locally-infiltrative neoplasm composed of bland-looking squamatoid islands scattered in a mature fibrous connective tissue stroma and the diagnosis was SOT. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed positive reactivity of varying intensity in the neoplastic epithelial cells for Notch1, Notch3, Notch4, and their ligands Jagged1 and Delta1. Expression patterns showed considerable overlap. No immunoreactivity was detected for Notch2 and Jagged2.Conclusions
Present findings suggest that Notch receptors and their ligands play differential roles in the cytodifferentiation of SOT. 相似文献487.
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Marieke Emonts Mieke JMW Hazes Jeanine J Houwing-Duistermaat Christa E van der Gaast-de Jongh Lisette de Vogel Huub KH Han Jacques MGW Wouters Jon D Laman Radboud JEM Dolhain 《BMC medical genetics》2011,12(1):36
Background
Various cytokines and inflammatory mediators are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesized that polymorphisms in selected inflammatory response and tissue repair genes contribute to the susceptibility to and severity of RA. 相似文献489.
de Haan BJ Rossi A Faas MM Smelt MJ Sonvico F Colombo P de Vos P 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2011,98(3):394-403
Microencapsulation of cells is a promising approach to prevent rejection in the absence of immunosuppression. Clinical application, however, is hampered by insufficient insight in factors influencing biocompatibility of the capsules in humans. In the present study we exposed alginate-based capsules prepared of different types of alginate to human peritoneal fluid. Subsequently we studied the physicochemical changes of the capsule's surface by applying micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. We did test alginate-beads and alginate-poly-L-lysine capsules prepared of different types of alginate. In all tested capsule formulations we found adsorption of components from human peritoneal fluid and clear physicochemical changes of the surface. These changes were alginate-dependent. The adsorption had no significant effects on the permselective properties of the capsule but we found a strong increase of TNFα production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells when exposed to alginate-beads treated with human peritoneal fluid. This elevated responsiveness was not observed with alginate-PLL capsules. The results show that alginate-based capsule surfaces always undergo physicochemical changes of the surface when exposed to human peritoneal fluid. This adsorption may lead to enhancement of the inflammatory responses against the microcapsules. Our result implicate that biocompatibility measurements should not only been done with freshly prepared capsules but also with capsules that have been exposed to fluid from the implantation site in order to predict the in vivo responses. 相似文献
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