Three Isothermal Amplification Techniques for Rapid Identification of Cladophialophora carrionii,an Agent of Human Chromoblastomycosis

In this study, we developed rapid and sensitive assays for the detection of Cladophialophora carrionii, a common agent of human chromoblastomycosis. The isothermal techniques evaluated were rolling-circle amplification (RCA), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The probes for RCA and MLPA were designed with target sequences in the rDNA internal transcribed spacer gene (ITS) region, and LAMP primers were designed using the elongation factor 1α gene (EF1); these probes and primers specifically amplified DNA of isolates of the species. The three techniques were sufficiently specific and sensitive for discriminating target DNA of C. carrionii from that of related Cladophialophora species and other agents of chromoblastomycosis. RCA, MLPA, and LAMP are advantageous in their reliability and ease of operation compared to standard PCR and conventional methods.     

多参数心脏MRI用于急性心肌炎进展

心肌炎临床表现多样,可发展为急性心力衰竭、心源性休克和慢性扩张型心肌病,早期明确诊断对于改善预后至关重要。心脏MRI(CMRI)可显示心肌坏死、纤维化和水肿,已成为评估心肌炎的最佳影像学手段。本文就多参数CMRI用于急性心肌炎研究进展进行综述。     

重组人生长激素治疗青春期前生长激素缺乏症的临床观察

目的探讨重组人生长激素（ｒｈＧＨ）对青春期前特发性生长激素缺乏症（ＩＧＨＤ）患者的疗效。方法对３家医院的６３例ＩＧＨＤ以ｒｈＧＨ进行治疗,每晚临睡前皮下注射０．１ＩＵ／ｋｇ共６个月。结果６３例患儿身高平均增加（７．０±１．６）厘米,年生长速度由治疗前的（２．９±０．９）厘米／年,增加到（１４．０±３．２）厘米／年,身高标准差计分（ＳＤＳ）由治疗前的（－４．８±１．７）变为（－３．９±１．６）;体重也明显增加,但对骨龄无明显促进作用。治疗期间有３９．７％的患儿出现亚临床甲状腺功能低减,２２．４％的患儿于注射局部曾出现短暂的红肿或痒等,７．９％的患儿出现血清ＡＬＴ轻度升高,但所有这些现象均未影响患儿体格的线性增长。结论ｒｈＧＨ是治疗ＩＧＨＤ的一种安全、有效的促生长药物。     

切割的球囊预扩张对支架置入后再狭窄的影响

目的 :探讨切割的球囊预扩张对支架内再狭窄的影响。方法 :86例Multilinkstent置入患者 ,按预扩张所用球囊不同 ,分为切割的球囊血管成形术 (CBA)组和单纯球囊血管成形术 (POBA)组 ,比较两组支架置入后即刻及远期血管造影随访结果。结果 :治疗后即刻及追踪造影结果显示 ,两组在最小血管径 (MLD)、狭窄度(DS)、晚期内径丢失方面无明显差别 ,内径丢失指数CBA组 (0 .2 8± 0 .15 )较POBA组 (0 .4 2± 0 .2 8)为低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,再狭窄率CBA组为 15 .4 % ,POBA组为 2 5 .0 % ,CBA组呈低的倾向。结论 :CBA预扩张有可能对支架内再狭窄产生有益影响 ,值得进一步探讨     

CPI‐203 improves the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 therapy by inhibiting the induced PD‐L1 overexpression in liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest lethal malignancies worldwide, and often diagnosed at an advanced stage, without any curative therapy. Immune checkpoint blockers targeting the programmed death receptor 1 (PD‐1) have shown impressive antitumor activity in patients with advanced‐stage HCC, while the response rate is only 30%. Inducible PD‐L1 overexpression may result in a lack of response to cancer immunotherapy, which is attributed to a mechanism of adaptive immune resistance. Our study investigated that the overexpression of PD‐L1 promoted the invasion and migration of liver cancer cells in vitro, and the induced overexpression of PD‐L1 in the tumor microenvironment could weaken the effects of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy in a BALB/c mouse model of liver cancer. CPI‐203, a small‐molecule bromodomain‐containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor, which can potently inhibit PD‐L1 expression in vitro and in vivo, combined with PD‐1 antibody improved the response to immunotherapy in a liver cancer model. Cell transfection and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay manifested that BRD4 plays a key role in PD‐L1 expression; CPI‐203 can inhibit PD‐L1 expression by inhibiting the BRD4 occupation of the PD‐L1 promoter region. This study indicates a potential clinical immunotherapy method to reduce the incidence of clinical resistance to immunotherapy in patients with HCC.     

无菌生物护创膜在严重创伤致软组织缺损创面早期治疗中的应用效果分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨无菌生物护创膜在严重创伤致软组织缺损创面早期治疗中的临床效果。方法 选取2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月苏州大学附属第一医院收治的 40 例严重创伤致软组织缺损患者作为研究对象, 按照不同治疗方法将其分为护创膜组 (20 例) 与纱布组 (20 例), 护创膜组患者在对症支持治疗的基础上局部创面早期行无菌生物护创膜联合负压封闭引流治疗, 纱布组患者在对症支持治疗的基础上局部创面早期行灭菌凡士林纱布联合负压封闭引流治疗, 对比观察两组患者创面疼痛评分、创面基底准备时间、创面愈合时间、住院时间、创面一次性愈合比值以及术后并发症发生情况。结果 护创膜组患者治疗第 7 天时创面视觉模拟评分法 (VAS)评分明显低于纱布组 (Z= -2.969, P= 0.003), 创面基底准备时间、创面愈合时间及住院时间均明显短于纱布组(Z/ t = -2.394、-2.782、3.186, P= 0.017、0.005、0.003), 而创面一次性愈合比值与纱布组无明显差异 ( χ2 =0.173, P= 0.677); 护创膜组患者术后并发症发生率为 15.0%, 与纱布组患者的术后并发症发生率 20.0%无明显差异 (χ2 = 0.173, P= 0.677)。结论 无菌生物护创膜可有效减轻严重创伤致软组织缺损创面的疼痛程度, 缩短创面基底准备时间、创面愈合时间及住院时间, 具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Highly efficient selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over Cu–Re/TiO2 bimetallic catalysts

Highly active and thermally stable Cu–Re bimetallic catalysts supported on TiO₂ with 2.0 wt% loading of Cu were prepared via an incipient wetness impregnation method and were applied for liquid phase selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) in H₂. The effect of the molar ratios of Cu : Re on the physico-chemical properties and the catalytic performance of the Cu–Re/TiO₂ catalysts was investigated. Moreover, the influence of various reaction parameters on the hydrogenation of LA to GVL was studied. The results showed that the Cu–Re/TiO₂ catalyst with a 1 : 1 molar ratio of Cu to Re (Cu–Re(1 : 1)/TiO₂) exhibited the highest performance for the reaction. Complete conversion of LA with a 100% yield of GVL was achieved in 1,4-dioxane solvent under the reaction conditions of 180 °C, 4.0 MPa H₂ for 4 h, and the catalyst could be reused at least 6 times with only a slight loss of activity. Combined with the characterization results, the high performance of the catalyst was mainly attributed to the well-dispersed Cu–Re nanoparticles with a very fine average size (ca. 0.69 nm) and the co-presence of Cu–Re bimetal and ReO_x on the catalyst surface.

Herein, we report a highly efficient and recyclable Cu–Re(1 : 1)/TiO₂ bimetallic catalyst for liquid phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone.     

Application of hyperspectral imaging technology for rapid identification of Ruditapes philippinarum contaminated by heavy metals

Human beings are confronted with a serious health hazard when ingesting Ruditapes philippinarum contaminated with heavy metals, and thus it is significantly necessary to identify heavy metal contaminated Ruditapes philippinarum. This study investigates the feasibility of hyperspectral imaging to identify heavy metal contamination in Ruditapes philippinarum rapidly. To reduce the effects of noise, four different spectral pretreatments were performed on the original spectra. To select characteristic wavebands for identification, four waveband selection algorithms based on neighbourhood rough set theory were proposed, namely, mutual information, consistency measure, dependency measure, and variable precision. The selected wavebands were input to an extreme learning machine to construct classification models. The results demonstrated that multiplicative scatter correction pretreatment was suitable for Ruditapes philippinarum hyperspectral imaging datasets. The identification models exhibited satisfactory performance to distinguish healthy Ruditapes philippinarum from those contaminated by both individual and multiple heavy metals. The identification results of Cd and Pb contaminated samples were more accurate than those of Cu and Zn contaminated samples. When the number of training samples decreased the identification performance decreased, but not significantly. The results showed that combined with pattern recognition analysis hyperspectral imaging technology can be used to distinguish healthy Ruditapes philippinarum samples from those contaminated by heavy metals, even with only a small number of training samples. This model is suitable for applications in analysing many shellfish rapidly and non-destructively.

Combined with pattern recognition analysis hyperspectral imaging technology can be used to identify heavy metal contamination in Ruditapes philippinarum rapidly and non-destructively, even with only a small number of training samples.     

ABCB1 C3435T、G2677AT基因形态与癌痛患者疼痛感知的相关性研究

目的:研究ABCB1 C3435T、G2677AT基因形态与癌痛患者疼痛感知的关系。方法:临床纳入2016年9月至2018年9月期间我院收治的185例恶性肿瘤患者组织病理学标本,将其中有癌痛的患者116例作为癌痛组,无癌痛的患者69例作为无痛组。应用三维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶DNA芯片技术检验患者ABCB1 C3435T、G2677AT基因分型情况,并分析ABCB1 C3435T、G2677AT基因形态与癌症患者癌痛的关系。结果:两组患者C3435T基因野生型、杂合子及突变型分布频率对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者G2677AT基因野生型、杂合子及突变型分布频率对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。疼痛程度不同的患者C3435T和G2677AT基因型分布频率无差异（P>0.05）。癌痛组患者C3435T与G2677AT不同基因型间组内对比NRS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;C3435T与G2677AT相同基因型对比NRS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:ABCB1 C3435T与G2677AT基因形态与癌痛患者疼痛感知并无直接关联,尚需进一步进行深入研究。     

内毒素血症大鼠肠黏膜免疫细胞的变化及通腑颗粒的干预作用

目的探讨内毒素血症大鼠肠黏膜免疫细胞的变化及中药通腑颗粒对其影响,为临床治疗提供理论依据。方法 120只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组（A组）、内毒素血症组（B组）及中药治疗组（C组）三组。B组及C组采取尾静脉一次性注射给药方法,注射1%LPS溶液（给药量为10 mg/kg）制作内毒素血症模型,A组注射等量生理盐水（1 mL/kg）;C组尾静脉注射给药后即刻给予50%通腑颗粒溶液（给药量为5 g/kg）灌胃,A组及B组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃。造模后在第2、6、12、24 h时间点分批（每次10只）麻醉后处死动物,取小肠组织进行检测。采用HE染色观察肠黏膜病理变化,采用免疫组织化学及TUNEL染色方法,分别标记并计数各组大鼠肠黏膜免疫细胞及凋亡淋巴细胞。结果与A组比较,B组肠黏膜M细胞、DC细胞、CD8＋T细胞及IgA＋B细胞计数明显减少,而CD4＋T细胞、Tr细胞及淋巴细胞凋亡计数明显增多;C组肠黏膜M细胞、CD8＋T及Tr细胞计数无明显改变,DC细胞、IgA＋B细胞及淋巴细胞凋亡计数明显减少,而CD4＋T细胞计数明显增多;与B组比较,C组肠黏膜M细胞无明显改变,Tr细胞及淋巴细胞凋亡计数明显减少,而DC细胞、CD4＋T细胞、CD8＋T细胞及IgA＋B细胞计数明显增多。结论内毒素血症时肠黏膜损伤,肠免疫不同阶段的免疫细胞均发生损害,Th1/Th2比例失调,淋巴细胞凋亡增多,导致肠黏膜局部免疫发生抑制。应用通腑颗粒可以减轻肠黏膜损伤,减轻免疫细胞损伤,改善Th1/Th2比例,减少淋巴细胞凋亡,保护局部免疫功能。