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Shridhar S. Dronamraju Jonathan M. Coxhead Seamus B. Kelly John C. Mathers 《Nutrition and cancer》2013,65(1):105-115
The aim of this study was to investigate the differential antineoplastic effects of butyrate in cells with and without a functional mismatch repair and to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. SW48 colon cancer cells in which the MLH1 gene is silenced by promoter hypermethylation and demethylated SW48 cells in which the MLH1 gene is reexpressed were treated with butyrate (0-5mM) for 8 days and the effects on cell number, MLH1 gene promoter methylation, and expression of two cell cycle regulatory genes, CDK4 and GADD45A, were assessed. Butyrate suppressed viable cell number ( P < 0.001) and reduced MLH1 promoter methylation ( P < 0.05) in SW48 cells. However, in demethylated SW48 cells, butyrate caused an increase in viable cells ( P < 0.05) and promoter methylation ( P < 0.05). CDK4 expression was downregulated by butyrate exposure, but the effect was significantly greater for demethylated SW48 cells ( P = 0.025). Butyrate treatment caused upregulation of GADD45A expression in SW48 cells but downregulation of GADD45A expression in demethylated SW48 cells ( P = 0.045). This study supports the hypothesis that butyrate has more potent antineoplastic effects on colon cancer cells with MLH1 dysfunction. Differential expression of key cell cycle regulatory genes may explain some of the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. 相似文献
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Jason M. Robotham Lixin Xia LeAnna N. Willison Suzanne S. Teuber Shridhar K. Sathe Kenneth H. Roux 《Molecular immunology》2010,47(9):1830-1838
Both linear and conformational epitopes likely contribute to the allergenicity of tree nut allergens, yet, due largely to technical issues, few conformational epitopes have been characterized. Using the well studied recombinant cashew allergen, Ana o 2, an 11S globulin or legumin, we identified a murine monoclonal antibody which recognizes a conformational epitope and competes with patient IgE Ana o 2-reactive antibodies. This epitope is expressed on the large subunit of Ana o 2, but only when associated with an 11S globulin small subunit. Both Ana o 2 and the homologous soybean Gly m 6 small subunits can foster epitope expression, even when the natural N-terminal to C-terminal subunit order is reversed in chimeric molecules. The epitope, which is also expressed on native Ana o 2, is readily susceptible to destruction by physical and chemical denaturants. 相似文献
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Bound to shock: protection from lethal endotoxemic shock by a novel, nontoxic, alkylpolyamine lipopolysaccharide sequestrant 下载免费PDF全文
Sil D Shrestha A Kimbrell MR Nguyen TB Adisechan AK Balakrishna R Abbo BG Malladi S Miller KA Short S Cromer JR Arora S Datta A David SA 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2007,51(8):2811-2819
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or endotoxin, a structural component of gram-negative bacterial outer membranes, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of septic shock, a syndrome of severe systemic inflammation which leads to multiple-system organ failure. Despite advances in antimicrobial chemotherapy, sepsis continues to be the commonest cause of death in the critically ill patient. This is attributable to the lack of therapeutic options that aim at limiting the exposure to the toxin and the prevention of subsequent downstream inflammatory processes. Polymyxin B (PMB), a peptide antibiotic, is a prototype small molecule that binds and neutralizes LPS toxicity. However, the antibiotic is too toxic for systemic use as an LPS sequestrant. Based on a nuclear magnetic resonance-derived model of polymyxin B-LPS complex, we had earlier identified the pharmacophore necessary for optimal recognition and neutralization of the toxin. Iterative cycles of pharmacophore-based ligand design and evaluation have yielded a synthetically easily accessible N(1),mono-alkyl-mono-homologated spermine derivative, DS-96. We have found that DS-96 binds LPS and neutralizes its toxicity with a potency indistinguishable from that of PMB in a wide range of in vitro assays, affords complete protection in a murine model of LPS-induced lethality, and is apparently nontoxic in vertebrate animal models. 相似文献
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Tree nuts are clinically associated with severe immunoglobulin E-mediated systemic allergic reactions independent of pollen
allergy and with reactions that are usually confined to the oral mucosa in patients with immunoglobulin E directed toward
cross-reacting pollen allergens. The latter reactions can progress to severe and life-threatening episodes in some patients.
Many patients with severe tree nut allergy are co-sensitized to peanut. Clinical studies on cross-reactivity between the tree
nuts are few in number, but based on reports to date, avoidance of the other tree nuts once sensitivity is diagnosed appears
prudent unless specific challenges are performed to ensure clinical tolerance. Even then, great care must be taken to avoid
crosscontamination. As with other severe food allergies, a recurrent problem in clinical management is the failure of physicians
to prescribe self-injectable epinephrine to patients who are at risk of anaphylaxis. 相似文献
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Ghoshal UC Tiwari S Dhingra S Pandey R Ghoshal U Tripathi S Singh H Gupta VK Nagpal AK Naik S Ayyagari A 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2008,53(5):1215-1222
Background Despite association between H. pylori and gastric neoplasm (GN) from the developed world, studies from India, where infection is more common and acquired early,
are scant and contradictory. Methods Two hundred and seventy-nine patients with GN from two northern and one eastern Indian centers during the period 1997–2005,
101 non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), and 355 healthy volunteers (HV) were evaluated for H. pylori [rapid urease test (RUT), histology and anti-H. pylori, and CagA IgG serology]. Results Patients with GN [263 gastric carcinoma and 16 (6%) primary gastric lymphoma, 208 male] were older than HV (n = 355, 188 male) and NUD (n = 101, 54 male) patients (53 ± 12 versus 44 ± 17 and 43 ± 13 years, respectively; P < 0.001). Eastern Indian patients with GN (n = 145) were younger than those from northern India (n = 134; 52 ± 12 versus 55 ± 12 years; P < 0.007, t-test). In GN and NUD patients H. pylori positivity by RUT [86/225 (38%) versus 46/101 (46%)], anti-H. pylori IgG [154/198 (78%) versus 85/101 (84%)], and histology [136/213 (64%) versus 55/101 (55%)] were comparable (χ
2-test). Serum IgG anti-H. pylori antibody was more common among HV than among GN patients [300/355 (85%) versus 154/198 (78%); P = 0.04, χ
2-test]. Intestinal metaplasia was more common in GN than in NUD patients [101/252 (40%) versus 2/98 (2%), P < 0.000, χ
2-test]. CagAIgG was more common in GN than in NUD patients [124/163 (76%) versus 64/101 (63%)] but comparable to that in HV
patients [87/98 (89%), P = NS]. Conclusion Frequency of H. pylori as detected using endoscopy and serology-based tests is not higher among patients with GN as compared with controls in India. 相似文献