大鼠孤束核含酪氨酸羟化酶、神经降压素和胆囊收缩素样神经元向伏核的投射—HRP和免疫细胞化学双重标记法的研究

本文应用HRP顺、逆行追踪法结合免疫细胞化学双重标记法,对大鼠孤束核向伏核的投射进行了研究。主要结果如下:1.WGA-HRP注入孤束核尾侧段,在伏核后部的腹、内侧区,出现较密集的标记纤维、终末和标记细胞;将HRP注入伏核后部的腹、内侧区,在孤束核尾侧段(主要在连合核和内侧亚核)出现大量的顺、逆行标记,以同侧为主。2.HRP注射到伏核并结合免疫细胞化学反应,在孤束核尾侧段发现HRP-TH,HRP-NT、HRP-CCK双重标记细胞。HRP-TH的数目最多,其次是HRP-NT双标细胞,HRP-CCK双标细胞最少。     

低剂量甲基汞在小鼠体内分布及其对细胞周期进程的影响

连续９０天饮用含甲基汞浓度为１／１０００ＬＤ５０、１／１００ＬＤ５０、１／５０ＬＤ５０和１／１０ＬＤ５０的自来水的雄性昆明小鼠，各脏器中总汞含量均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００５），并且随着染毒剂量增加，脏器中总汞含量也随之增高。同时采用ＦＡＣＳｃａｎ流式细胞仪和“ＣｅｌｌＦＩＴ”软件分析脾细胞周期进程，发现除１／１０００ＬＤ５０剂量组外，其余各剂量组从Ｇｏ／Ｇ１时相进入Ｓ时相的脾细胞百分数均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），与染毒剂量呈明显正相关。表明连续经口摄入低剂量甲基汞小鼠脾细胞周期进程加快，细胞ＤＮＡ复制增强。     

深低温冷冻保存家兔性腺器官的研究

自１９９２年７月开始行深低温（－１９６℃）冷冻保存兔性腺研究。冷冻睾丸３６个，１５天后解冻，完好率９１．７％，其中２０个行器官移植，睾丸接通血管均即时建立血循环。４只兔的冷冻睾丸自体移植后，每次采精７４０．６±１８９０．４万个。２只兔的冷冻睾丸异体移植后，每次采精６３．４±３７．７万个。冷冻兔卵巢１４个，１５天后解冻，完好率９２．９％，其中８个行器官移植，卵巢接通血管均即时建立血循环，术后雌二醇水平为２．７２～１２７．３ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ。冷冻睾丸及卵巢移植一段时间后病理切片证实睾丸及卵巢组织存活。     

夜间急诊病人需求调查分析

目的　对基层医院夜间急诊病人的需求进行调查分析,提出相应的措施。方法　对2 0 0 4年1月～8月夜间急诊病人12 0例进行无记名的问卷调查。结果　病人对医院的配备设施已有较高的要求;对护理服务态度最为满意,最满意率为95 % ,较满意率为5 % ,无1例不满意,其次是护理技术操作,满意率为90 % ,最不满意的是给病人治疗时让病人等候时间过长,不满意率达10 %。结论　通过调查做出了服从病人的需求,创立急诊绿色通道的对策     

Development of sesquiterpenes from Alpinia oxyphylla as novel skin permeation enhancers.

To improve the drug permeation into and/or across the skin, essential oils extracted from Alpinia oxyphylla (AO) were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo permeation techniques with Wistar rats as the animal model. Hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the major components in the lower-polarity fraction (AO-1) and higher-polarity fraction (AO-2), respectively. Permeation of indomethacin was significantly enhanced after treatment with AO-1 and AO-2 in the in vitro and in vivo studies. AO-2 generally showed a higher ability to promote drug permeation compared to AO-1. The increment of skin/vehicle partitioning may be the predominant mechanism for this enhancing activity. Both transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and colorimetric evaluation showed limited irritation to skin by AO essential oils at the macroscopic level. Human skin fibroblasts were used to investigate the in vitro screening of skin toxicity. AO-1 slightly increased prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) formation from skin fibroblasts. A striking result was observed with AO-2, which greatly inhibited the release of PGE(2). Moreover, both AO essential oils had no statistically significant effect on PGE(2) release by human lung epithelial cells. The results of this study indicate that skin disruption and inflammation do not necessary correspond to the enhancing efficiency of the enhancers tested.     

几种中草药复配杀虫剂的急性毒性实验研究

为有效开发植物杀虫剂资源及今后的推广应用提供科学依据。用两种粉剂和两种醇剂的杀虫应用浓度给小白鼠灌,而家兔则行皮肤刺激试验。结果显示,除醒剂Y-13经口有中毒情况发生外,其它3种制剂均无中毒现象,醇剂Y-13的家兔皮肤也无刺激反应发生。作者认为:4种制剂在有杀虫效果的前提下,杀虫应用浓度对人和动物都较安全。有开发和推广应用价值。     

人工心脏起搏器的植换

探讨人工心脏起搏器植换方式选择。方法：起搏器植换２２例，其中，能源耗竭１４例，感知和起搏功能障碍４例，囊袋感染破溃致ＰＭ外露４例。非感染者起搏阈值，〈２．５Ｖ，行原位植换：ＰＴ值〉３．０Ｖ或有感染者，更换全套起搏系统。结果：非感染的１８例中，１０例ＰＴ〈２．５Ｖ，实行原位植换；８例ＰＴ值〉３．０Ｖ和其余４例有感染者，植入新的起搏系统。     

Carotid stenosis in lacunar stroke.

The prevalence of extracranial carotid stenosis in patients with a clinical syndrome of lacunar stroke has not been extensively studied using noninvasive methods. We performed carotid duplex sonography on 168 patients referred to the neurosonology laboratory with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke. Strokes were independently classified as lacunar or nonlacunar hemispheric infarction without knowledge of the ultrasound results. We excluded patients with infarcts that were clearly vertebrobasilar, presumed to be cardioembolic, or had occurred greater than 1 year earlier, and patients for whom classification of the nature and location of the event was not possible. Fifty-five patients had lacunar and 54 had nonlacunar stroke. No differences in age, sex, distribution, or prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, prior ischemia, or Hispanic surname existed between the two groups. Tobacco use was more frequent in the nonlacunar group (p less than 0.01). The prevalence of important extracranial carotid stenosis (greater than or equal to 50% diameter reduction) in the lacunar stroke group was 13% (seven of 55) in the ipsilateral and 4% (two of 55) in the contralateral carotid artery. Of the 54 patients with nonlacunar hemispheric stroke, 41% (22) had ipsilateral (p less than 0.01) and 26% (14) had contralateral (p less than 0.01) carotid stenosis. This study suggests that important carotid stenosis is infrequent among patients presenting with a clinical syndrome of lacunar stroke. These data impact on decisions regarding cerebrovascular work-up in such patients.     

寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤的早期处理

目的　探讨寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤伤情特点与早期救治方法。方法　对 1991年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 12月间 40例火器伤病人的临床救治进行回顾分析。结果　 2 4例枪伤中 ,2 0例一期缝合伤口 ,均一期愈合 ,另外 4例只清创未一期缝合的伤口 ,3例愈合 ,1例感染 ;4例骨折内固定均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。 16例炸伤病人局部软组织损伤及污染比枪弹伤重 ,14例一期缝合伤口中 ,10例一期愈合 ,4例感染 ,骨折内固定 2例 ,均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。结论　寒冷干燥地区火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当延长 ,在平时火器伤的救治中 ,对软组织条件较好的创面 ,早期清创后可一期闭合伤口和骨折内固定 ,这样可减少感染和伤残 ,促进康复     

Relationships between Activators and Inhibitors of Plasminogen, and the Progression of Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

OBJECTIVE: plasmin is a common activator of the known proteolytic systems involved in the aneurysmal degradation, and is reported to be associated with the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The aim of this study was to study the activating pathways of plasminogen as predictors of the progression of AAA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: one hundred and twelve of 122 male patients with a small AAA (def.: +3cm) were interviewed, examined, had blood samples taken at diagnosis, and scanned annually for 1-5 years (mean 3.5 years), and referred for surgery if the AAA exceeded 5cm in diameter.A random sample of 70 of the 112 cases had plasma levels of urokinase-like-plasminogen activator (uPA), tissue-type-plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), macrophage inhibiting factor (MIF), tumour-growth-factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), homocysteine, and serum levels of IgA-antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae (IgA-CP) and Cotinine (a nicotine metabolite) measured. Spearmans correlation analysis was used for statistics. RESULTS: the annual expansion rate correlated positively with tPA, IgA-CP and S-Cotinine; r =0.37 (p=0.002), 0.29 (p=0.006) and 0.24 (p=0.038), while PAI1, uPA, TGF-beta1, homocysteine, and MIF did not. S-Cotinine did also correlate positively with tPA, r=0.24 (p=0.049). CONCLUSION: the aortic matrix degradation in AAA may be partly caused by an activation of plasminogen by tPA, but apparently not by uPA, which usually dominates matrix degradation. Smoking seems to be a factor for this pathway, while the pathways of IgA-CP and MIF, a new marker of aneurysmal progression, seem different. The latter observations suggest that other proteolytic pathways are involved in the aortic wall degradation in AAA.