全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32818篇 |
免费 | 2467篇 |
国内免费 | 1251篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 326篇 |
儿科学 | 825篇 |
妇产科学 | 808篇 |
基础医学 | 4202篇 |
口腔科学 | 485篇 |
临床医学 | 4849篇 |
内科学 | 5331篇 |
皮肤病学 | 458篇 |
神经病学 | 2383篇 |
特种医学 | 827篇 |
外国民族医学 | 15篇 |
外科学 | 3136篇 |
综合类 | 2877篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 19篇 |
预防医学 | 3242篇 |
眼科学 | 896篇 |
药学 | 2512篇 |
22篇 | |
中国医学 | 734篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2588篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 61篇 |
2023年 | 365篇 |
2022年 | 774篇 |
2021年 | 1252篇 |
2020年 | 907篇 |
2019年 | 910篇 |
2018年 | 976篇 |
2017年 | 829篇 |
2016年 | 833篇 |
2015年 | 1174篇 |
2014年 | 1387篇 |
2013年 | 1578篇 |
2012年 | 2414篇 |
2011年 | 2685篇 |
2010年 | 1465篇 |
2009年 | 1229篇 |
2008年 | 2071篇 |
2007年 | 2128篇 |
2006年 | 1965篇 |
2005年 | 2102篇 |
2004年 | 1654篇 |
2003年 | 1556篇 |
2002年 | 1296篇 |
2001年 | 466篇 |
2000年 | 515篇 |
1999年 | 498篇 |
1998年 | 448篇 |
1997年 | 400篇 |
1996年 | 290篇 |
1995年 | 269篇 |
1994年 | 252篇 |
1993年 | 223篇 |
1992年 | 192篇 |
1991年 | 183篇 |
1990年 | 150篇 |
1989年 | 140篇 |
1988年 | 111篇 |
1987年 | 100篇 |
1986年 | 101篇 |
1985年 | 84篇 |
1984年 | 78篇 |
1983年 | 66篇 |
1982年 | 63篇 |
1981年 | 51篇 |
1980年 | 53篇 |
1979年 | 42篇 |
1978年 | 30篇 |
1977年 | 20篇 |
1974年 | 16篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
Shareen Y El-Ibiary Sharon L Youmans 《The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care》2007,12(1):58-62
OBJECTIVE: To assess readability of over-the-counter (OTC) contraceptive product instructions currently available, compare the results with previous studies from a decade ago, and review the implications for health care providers, in particular pharmacists counseling on OTC contraceptives. METHODS: A sample of contraceptive instructions was submitted to a readability analysis using four standard readability formulas. Products included condoms, spermicides, and emergency contraception instruction pamphlets. RESULTS: Reading grade levels for condoms ranged from 6th to 12th grade. The average reading levels for the spermicides were 9th-10th grade and for the emergency contraceptives 10th-12th grade. These results were consistent with those of similar studies performed a decade ago. CONCLUSIONS: Consumers need to have at least a high school reading level in order to comprehend current product instructions. Very little has changed in the past decade regarding readability of OTC contraceptive patient instructions, despite calls to simplify written instructions. Healthcare providers, in particular pharmacists, must be aware of these disparities to enhance patient education and advocate for simpler reading materials. 相似文献
32.
M P Sherman M D Roth H Gong D P Tashkin 《Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior》1991,40(3):663-669
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages lavaged from tobacco smokers release increased levels of oxidants and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of emphysema. It is unknown whether lung macrophages recovered from marijuana smokers also liberate excessive levels of oxidants. To evaluate this possibility, pulmonary alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from nonsmokers, smokers of marijuana only, smokers of tobacco only, and smokers of tobacco plus marijuana. Spontaneous and stimulated superoxide anion release was measured by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. These findings were correlated with recent lung function tests. Superoxide anion production by macrophages, studies of small airway integrity (closing volume, closing capacity, and the slope of Phase III of the single-breath nitrogen washout curve), and evaluation of alveolar gas exchange (diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide) were similar in both nonsmokers and marijuana smokers. However, tobacco smoking was associated with both significantly higher levels of superoxide anion release by pulmonary alveolar macrophages and significant abnormalities of small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity. Based on the results of this study, pulmonary alveolar macrophages of marijuana-only smokers do not produce increased amounts of oxidants when compared to macrophages of non-smoking subjects. This observation may account for the absence of abnormalities in small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity in marijuana-only smokers, in contrast to the presence of such findings in smokers of tobacco, regardless of marijuana use. 相似文献
33.
34.
Miriam Stewart Linda Reutter Edward Makwarimba Irving Rootman Deanna Williamson Kim Raine Doug Wilson Janet Fast Rhonda Love Sharon McFall Deana Shorten Nicole Letourneau Karen Hayward Jeff Masuda William Rutakumwa 《Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmières》2005,37(3):104-131
Poverty influences health status, life expectancy, health behaviours, and use of health services. This study examined factors influencing the use of health-related services by people living in poverty. In the first phase, 199 impoverished users of health-related services in 2 large Canadian cities were interviewed by their peers. In the second phase, group interviews with people living in poverty (n = 52) were conducted. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Diverse health-related services were used to meet basic and health needs, to maintain human contact, and to cope with life's challenges. Use of services depended on proximity, affordability, convenience, information, and providers' attitudes and behaviours. Use was impeded by inequities based on income status. To promote the health of people living in poverty, nurses and other health professionals can enhance the accessibility and quality of services, improve their interactions with people living in poverty, provide information about available programs, offer coordinated community-based services, collaborate with other sectors, and advocate for more equitable services and policies. 相似文献
35.
M.S. Ågren U. Ostenfeld M.E. Crawford K. Kiss Y. Gong C. Gluud A. FriisMøller F. Kallehave K. Raffn L.N. Jorgensen 《Wound repair and regeneration》2005,13(2):A1-A27
Extended healing time and lack of documented effective treatments of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease create substantial problems. Locally applied zinc oxide has been reported to promote wound healing. We have compared topical zinc oxide (3%) with placebo meshes for pilonidal wounds healing by secondary intention in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicenter trial. Sixty‐four consecutive patients, 53 males, aged between 18 and 60 years (median 26 years) with excised pilonidal wounds were centrally randomized to local zinc oxide (30 mg/g, n = 33) or to placebo (n = 31) mesh treatment. Patients were followed with strict recording of beneficial and harmful effects. The median healing times were 54 days (42–71 days, interquartile range, n = 33) for the zinc group and 62 days (55–82 days, n = 31) for the placebo group. This difference was not statistically different (p = 0.32). Based on Cox regression analysis initial wound volume influenced healing negatively (p = 0.016) while smoking (p = 0.011) was associated with faster wound healing. Significantly (p < 0.01) more placebo (n = 12) than zinc oxide‐treated patients (n = 3) needed antibiotics postoperatively. Although topical zinc oxide increased (p < 0.001) wound fluid zinc levels (1830 ± 405 μM, mean ± SEM) compared with placebo (3.1 ± 1.6 μM) serum‐zinc levels did not differ significantly between the zinc (13.5 ± 0.4 μM) and placebo (12.8 ± 0.4 μm) groups on postoperative day 7. No adverse events were recorded. Topical zinc oxide treatment did not accelerate time to closure of open pilonidal wounds but was associated with reduced antibiotic usage. 相似文献
36.
37.
Gregory C Gray Troy McCarthy Mark G Lebeck David P Schnurr Kevin L Russell Adriana E Kajon Marie L Landry Diane S Leland Gregory A Storch Christine C Ginocchio Christine C Robinson Gail J Demmler Michael A Saubolle Sue C Kehl Rangaraj Selvarangan Melissa B Miller James D Chappell Danielle M Zerr Deanna L Kiska Diane C Halstead Ana W Capuano Sharon F Setterquist Margaret L Chorazy Jeffrey D Dawson Dean D Erdman 《Clinical infectious diseases》2007,45(9):1120-1131
BACKGROUND: Recently, epidemiological and clinical data have revealed important changes with regard to clinical adenovirus infection, including alterations in antigenic presentation, geographical distribution, and virulence of the virus. METHODS: In an effort to better understand the epidemiology of clinical adenovirus infection in the United States, we adopted a new molecular adenovirus typing technique to study clinical adenovirus isolates collected from 22 medical facilities over a 25-month period during 2004-2006. A hexon gene sequence typing method was used to characterize 2237 clinical adenovirus-positive specimens, comparing their sequences with those of the 51 currently recognized prototype human adenovirus strains. In a blinded comparison, this method performed well and was much faster than the classic serologic typing method. RESULTS: Among civilians, the most prevalent adenovirus types were types 3 (prevalence, 34.6%), 2 (24.3%), 1 (17.7%), and 5 (5.3%). Among military trainees, the most prevalent types were types 4 (prevalence, 92.8%), 3 (2.6%), and 21 (2.4%). CONCLUSIONS: For both populations, we observed a statistically significant increasing trend of adenovirus type 21 detection over time. Among adenovirus isolates recovered from specimens from civilians, 50% were associated with hospitalization, 19.6% with a chronic disease condition, 11% with a bone marrow or solid organ transplantation, 7.4% with intensive care unit stay, and 4.2% with a cancer diagnosis. Multivariable risk factor modeling for adenovirus disease severity found that age <7 years (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-7.4), chronic disease (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 2.6-5.1), recent transplantation (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.2), and adenovirus type 5 (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5-4.7) or type 21 infection (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 2.6-22.3) increased the risk of severe disease. 相似文献
38.
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of neuronavigation in the transpetroal approach, and to provide anatomic data for the protection of the nerves in the facial nerve canal (FNC) during surgeries. METHODS: Simulated surgery through the transpetroal approach was performed on 16 sides of 8 adult cadaver heads with the assistance by neuronavigation. The anatomy of the facial nerve and the relationship of related structures were observed and the distances from the utmost external edge of the mastoid to different segments of the FNC were measured. RESULTS: Neuronavigation was successful with all the FNC, with the mean error of less than 0.9 mm. The FNC could be divided into 3 segments, the labyrinthine, the tympanic and the mastoid segments, stretching 3.6+/-1.2 mm, 11.2+/-2.5 mm and 16.1+/-3.6 mm respectively and with diameters of 1.2+/-0.3 mm, 1.4+/-0.1 mm and 1.7+/-0.2 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION: Neuronavigation may help protect the FNC during surgical procedures, and a thorough knowledge of the anatomic features of the FNC can be significant for preservation of the facial nerves. 相似文献
39.
中国急性心肌梗塞的疾病经济负担 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
主要通过对急性心肌梗塞疾病经济负担的研究,总体描述进行二线预防的重要性。资料主要来源于中文文献检索、政府统计报表。主要利用直接医疗费用来计算疾病经济负担,而未考虑直接非医疗费用和间接费用。中日急性心肌梗塞的发病率约为45/10万。55/10万。城市高于农村,男性高于女性。在2000年,急性心肌梗塞的死亡率在城市为32.39/10万,农村为17.99/10万,其死亡率随年龄增长而相应增长。与发病率一样,城市高于农村,男性高于女性。25岁以上人群因急性心肌梗塞而损失的DALY在2000年为3.57DALYs/千人口。怎性心肌梗塞的直接医疗费用在国家卫生部部属医院为28257元/例,省级医院为8663元/例,县级医院为5447无/例。测算2000年急性心肌梗塞的疾病经济负担为13亿元。19亿元。但由于只有10.6%的急性心肌梗塞病人得到临床床治疗,因此,本测算结果可能低估了在中国实际发生的疾病经济负担。 相似文献
40.