胆红素对神经突触膜Na^＋,K^＋—ATP酶影响的实验研究

为了研究胆红素的神经毒性作用，对５９只出生２天的ＳＤ大白鼠分别予以腹腔注射不同剂量胆红素制造高胆红素血症动物模型，不连续密度梯度法分离提取脑神经元突触膜，测定Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活力。结果：随着血清胆红素浓度的逐渐增加，脑组织中胆红素沉积量也逐渐增加，神经元突触膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活力逐渐降低，Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活力与脑组织中沉积的胆红素量呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．３４，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：胆红素对Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶具有抑制作用。     

脉冲角加速度刺激诱发豚鼠短潜伏期前庭诱发电位

以脉冲角加速度刺激在豚鼠记录出短潜伏期诱发反应，反应由发生于刺激开始后10ms以内的5～7个波组成，高强度刺激时反应振幅数微伏，I波潜伏期约2．5ms，不同动物及同一动物不同时间测试反应非常稳定。系列实验结果表明脉冲角加速度刺激诱发的豚鼠短潜伏期诱发反应系前庭诱发电位。     

Severe malabsorption in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidosis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome successfully treated with immunosuppression

A 15 year old boy with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidosis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome suffered recurrent episodes of severe intractable diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, and hypocalcaemia. The only treatment modality, which controlled the malabsorption syndrome, was immunosuppression with intravenous high dose methylprednisolone and oral methotrexate maintenance therapy.     

Bisulfite-containing propofol: is it a cost-effective alternative to Diprivan for induction of anesthesia?

Propofol (Diprivan(TM); AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE) is a commonly used drug for the induction of general anesthesia in the ambulatory setting. With the availability of a new bisulfite-containing generic formulation of propofol, questions have arisen regarding its cost effectiveness and safety compared with Diprivan(TM). Two hundred healthy outpatients were randomly assigned, according to a double-blinded protocol, to receive either Diprivan(TM) or bisulfite-containing propofol 1.5 mg/kg IV as part of a standardized induction sequence. Maintenance of anesthesia consisted of either desflurane (4%-8% end-tidal) or sevoflurane (1%-2% end-tidal) in combination with a remifentanil infusion (0.125 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) IV). Patient assessments included pain on injection, induction time, hemodynamic and bispectral electroencephalographic changes during induction, emergence time, and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The two propofol groups were comparable demographically, and the induction times and bispectral index values during the induction were also similar. However, the bisulfite-containing formulation was associated with less severe pain on injection (5% vs 11%), with fewer patients recalling pain on injection after surgery (38% vs. 51%, P<0.05). None of the patients manifested allergic-type reactions after the induction of anesthesia. The acquisition cost (average wholesale price in US dollars) of a 20-mL ampoule of Diprivan(TM) was $15 compared with $13 for the bisulfite-containing propofol formulation. Therefore, we concluded that the bisulfite-containing formulation of propofol is a cost-effective alternative to Diprivan(TM) for the induction of outpatient anesthesia. Implications: Bisulfite-containing propofol and Diprivan(TM) (AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE) were similar with respect to their induction characteristics; however, the generic formulation was associated with a smaller incidence of injection pain. Assuming that the drug costs are similar, these data suggest that the bisulfite-containing formulation of propofol is a cost-effective alternative to Diprivan(TM).     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇与正常孕妇血清铬含量的研究

目的　通过对血清铬含量的测定 ,探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇是否缺铬。方法　 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年 ,选择妊娠期糖尿病孕妇 5 0例 ,正常孕妇 4 7例 ,以电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法 (ICP AES)测定两组孕妇血清铬含量。结果　妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清铬含量较正常孕妇明显降低 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　建议妊娠期糖尿病孕妇适量补铬     

固相化细胞吸附浓集法分离污水中脊髓灰质炎病毒的实验研究

〔目的〕建立一个适用于污水中脊髓灰质炎病毒分离培养的方法。〔方法〕采用固相化的L2 0B细胞吸附法 ,浓集污水中的脊髓灰质炎病毒 ,将浓集物再用活的L2 0B细胞培养。〔结果〕能够检出 10 0 0ml水中的 0 .1～ 10TCID50 量的脊髓灰质炎病毒 ,在10 0 0ml预处理后的污水中加入 10TCID50 量的病毒 ,亦可以检出。〔结论〕本方法的有效检出限为 10TCID50 / 10 0 0ml,可用于污水中的脊髓灰质炎病毒的浓集和分离培养。     

实时定量PCR检测体外诱导条件下小鼠骨髓基质细胞S100mRNA表达水平变化

目的:检测S100 mRNA含量,初步探讨骨髓基质细胞体外诱导条件下向雪旺细胞样细胞分化的可能性。方法:采用差速贴壁的方法分离、培养小鼠骨髓基质细胞。经β-ME,ATRA,Forskolin,bFGF,PDGF,HRG体外诱导后,利用实时定量PCR检测S100 mRNA水平的变化。结果:诱导后,骨髓基质细胞S100 mRNA水平上升,诱导前后水平变化有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:实时定量PCR检测S100 mRNA含量具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。体外诱导后骨髓基质细胞S100 mRNA表达量增多。     

德国健康保险与预防性医疗服务

德国社会医疗保险具有悠久的历史,早在1883年俾斯麦执政时就引入了强制性医疗保险并奠定了社会保障的基础。德国的基本法规定了社会医疗保险的团结互助原则,保证了每个参保人拥有相同的医疗保障, 这在法律上体现了公平合理的原则。从上世纪80年代至90 年代,德国经济一直处于高速发展的繁荣期,社会医疗保险     

Effects of mycophenolic acid on high glucose-induced expression of TGF-beta and CTGF in mesangial cells.

The effects of mycophenolic acid (MPA) on high glucose-induced expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in mesangial cells (MC) were investigated. Rat MC were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of MPA (1.0 and 10.0 micromol/L) or MPA plus high glucose for 72 h. The expression of TGF-beta and CTGF was detected by Western blot. The results showed that high glucose could induce the expression of TGF-beta and CTGF in MC, but MPA could inhibit this effects. MPA did not influence the expression of TGF-beta and CTGF in normal glucose. It was concluded that MPA might prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of TGF-beta and CTGF in MC.