全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1316篇 |
免费 | 47篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 43篇 |
儿科学 | 46篇 |
妇产科学 | 62篇 |
基础医学 | 93篇 |
口腔科学 | 100篇 |
临床医学 | 67篇 |
内科学 | 208篇 |
皮肤病学 | 21篇 |
神经病学 | 54篇 |
特种医学 | 130篇 |
外科学 | 287篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
预防医学 | 22篇 |
眼科学 | 52篇 |
药学 | 93篇 |
中国医学 | 14篇 |
肿瘤学 | 66篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 14篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 35篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 35篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 72篇 |
2011年 | 73篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 35篇 |
2008年 | 83篇 |
2007年 | 76篇 |
2006年 | 96篇 |
2005年 | 113篇 |
2004年 | 77篇 |
2003年 | 80篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 35篇 |
2000年 | 43篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1366条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
Ebru Demiralay Ibrahim Yaman Saglam Emine Nur Ozdamar Ahmet Ozer Sehirli Goksel Sener Esra Saglam 《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》2013
Objective
To investigate the role of endogenous neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) on brain injury after burn and the effects of the captopril.Methods
Wistar albino rats (200–250 g) were exposed on the dorsal surface to 90 °C (burn) or 25 °C (sham) water for 10 s. The ACE group was treated with intraperitoneal 10 mg/kg captopril immediately after burn and this treatment was repeated twice daily. At the end of the 24 h brain samples were taken. nNOS was studied in brain areas by immunohistochemistry.Results
There was no difference between the cerebellar and hypothalamic areas the nNOS expression of all groups. nNOS expression increased in the frontal cortex, striatum and midbrain in the burn group compared to the control group. In the frontal cortex, nNOS expression significantly decreased after ACE inhibitor treatment (p < 0.05). The striatal nNOS of the ACE group significantly increased when compared to the control group (p = 0.001). In the midbrain of the animals, nNOS decreased in the ACE group. Hippocampal nNOS expression did not change after burn and significantly increased after ACE inhibitor therapy (p < 0.05).Conclusions
Our data showed that the pathophysiological events following burn appear to be related to an acute inflammatory reaction which is associated with nNOS in the frontal cortex, striatum and midbrain, and captopril treatment abrogates the nNOS response in the frontal cortex and midbrain. 相似文献22.
Abstract Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate the clearance of PVP-iodine applied as a gel or solution in periodontal pockets. Methods. Teeth of 12 subjects with at least eight periodontal pockets of ≥5 mm probing depth were isolated with a rubber dam to allow contamination-free access to the pockets. In each subject, three pockets were filled with PVP-iodine gel (10%) and three with PVP-iodine solution (10%). One pocket of each subject without iodine application served as a negative control. The treatment allocation was assigned randomly. Any excess material was removed subsequently. After 1, 5 and 15 min, a paper point was used to collect the sulcus liquid and the concentration of PVP-iodine was chemically determined. In addition, PVP-iodine gel was administered into 12 periodontal pockets immediately after sub-gingival ultrasound debridement and the concentration of PVP-iodine was determined after 1 min. Results. Descending concentrations of PVP-iodine were determined at 1, 5 and 15 min after the application. No PVP-iodine was found in the pockets serving as negative controls. The mean concentrations of the gel and solution were 6.14 μg/ml and 4.44 μg/ml (1 min; p ≥ 0.028), 3.20 μg/ml and 1.44 μg/ml (5 min; p ≥ 0.126), 0.69 μg/ml and 0.23 μg/ml (15 min; p ≤ 0.019), respectively. In the pockets with previous debridement the mean concentration was 1.68 ± 1.97 μg/ml. Conclusion. The application of PVP-iodine gel in periodontal pockets allows a prolonged remnant effect as compared to that of the solution formula. 相似文献
23.
Optimal management of distal ureteric strictures following renal transplantation: a systematic review 下载免费PDF全文
Justin Kwong Danielle Schiefer Ghaleb Aboalsamh Jason Archambault Patrick P. Luke Alp Sener 《Transplant international》2016,29(5):579-588
Our objective was to define optimal management of distal ureteric strictures following renal transplantation. A systematic review on PubMed identified 34 articles (385 patients). Primary endpoints were success rates and complications of specific primary and secondary treatments (following failure of primary treatment). Among primary treatments (n = 303), the open approach had 85.4% success (95% CI 72.5–93.1) and the endourological approach had 64.3% success (95% CI 58.3–69.9). Among secondary treatments (n = 82), the open approach had 93.1% success (95% CI 77.0–99.2) and the endourological approach had 75.5% success (95% CI 62.3–85.2). The most common primary open treatment was ureteric reimplantation (n = 33, 81.8% success, 95% CI 65.2–91.8). The most common primary endourological treatment was dilation (n = 133, 58.6% success, 95% CI 50.1–66.7). Fourteen complications, including death (4 weeks post‐op) and graft loss (12 days post‐op), followed endourological treatment. One complication followed open treatment. This is the first systematic review to examine the success rates and complications of specific treatments for distal ureteric strictures following renal transplantation. Our review indicates that open management has higher success rates and fewer complications than endourological management as a primary and secondary treatment for post‐transplant distal ureteric strictures. We also outline a post‐transplant ureteric stricture evaluation and treatment algorithm. 相似文献
24.
25.
Ahmet Sahan Cem Akbal Hasan Huseyin Tavukcu Ozge Cevik Sule Cetinel Cagrı Akın Sekerci Tarik Emre Sener Goksel Sener Yiloren Tanidir 《Andrologia》2020,52(9):e13639
A review of the literature indicated that sirtuin-1 expression, a regulator of nitric oxide bioavailability in erectile dysfunction (ED) after melatonin therapy, has not yet been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin for erectile function with sirtuin-1 protein expression in type 1 diabetic rat models. Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were placed into five groups. Except for those in the control group (C), each animal received a single dose (60 mg/kg) of streptozotocin to induce diabetes. The animals were placed into the diabetes (D) group, insulin (I) group (6 U/kg/day), melatonin (Mel) group (10 mg kg−1 day−1) and combined treatment (I + Mel) group. Ten weeks later, the serum testosterone levels, intracavernosal pressure (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-GMP), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), caspase-3 activity, sirtuin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression and histological findings were assessed. The mean ICP/MAP ratio for the D group was lower than the mean ratios for the other groups. The treatment groups, particularly the I + Mel group, exhibited lower 8-OHdG and MDA levels and caspase-3 activity than the D group. The sirtuin-1 and eNOS expression and cavernosal tissue (CT) histology seemed to have been preserved by the melatonin and/or insulin therapy. These results were indicative of a profound protective effect of melatonin by the activation of sirtuin-1 protein expression against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative CT injury. 相似文献
26.
Nevzat Can Sener M. Abdurrahim Imamoglu Okan Bas Ufuk Ozturk H. N. Goksel Goktug Can Tuygun Hasan Bakirtas 《Urological research》2014,42(2):127-131
In this study, we aimed to compare the success and complications of flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with its advanced technology and the accomplished method of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in the treatment of lower pole stones smaller than 1 cm. One hundred and forty patients were randomized as 70 undergoing SWL (Group 1) and 70 undergoing F-URS (Group 2). Patients were evaluated by plain X-ray and urinary ultrasound 1 week and after 3 months following SWL. The same procedure was done for F-URS patients 1 week after surgery and after 3 months. Success rates were established the day following the procedure and after 3 months. Fragmentation less than 3 mm was considered success. Mean operative time was 44 ± 7.4 min for Group 2 and mean fluoroscopy duration was 51 ± 12 s. In F-URS group, all the patients were stone free after 3 months (100 %). Group 1 had 2.7 ± 0.4 sessions of SWL. Sixty-four patients were stone free in that group after 3 months (91.5 %). The procedure yielded significant success in FURS group, even though patients underwent SWL for 2.7 ± 0.4 sessions and F-URS for 1 session (p < 0.05). With higher success and similar complication rates, fewer sessions per treatment, and advances in technology and experience, we believe F-URS has a potential to be the first treatment option over SWL in the future. 相似文献
27.
The apparent distribution space of 6-[125I]iodi-d-glucose, recently proposed as a tracer of d-glucose transport, was measured in rat isolated islets, acinar tissue, and pieces of pancreas. While such a space reached
a steady-state value corresponding to the 3HOH volume in pancreatic islets within 5 min, it slowly increased in pieces of pancreas and, even after 60-min incubation,
remained lower than the 3HOH volume. Moreover, the net uptake of 6-deoxy-6-[125I]iodo-d-glucose by pancreatic pieces was inhibited by unlabeled 6-deoxy-6-iodo-d-glucose, d-glucose, and cytochalasin B, while being less or not affected by these agents in isolated islets. A preferential labeling
of the endocrine, relative to exocrine, moiety of the pancreas was documented both by comparing, after 2 min incubation, the
uptake of 6-deoxy-6-[125I]iodo-d-glucose by pieces of pancreas from normal vs streptozotocin-injected rats and by comparing the radioactive content of pancreatic
islets and acinar tissue obtained from normal rats injected intravenously 3 min before sacrifice with 6-deoxy-6-[125I]iodo-d-glucose. It is proposed, therefore, that advantage could conceivably be taken from the vastly different time course for the
uptake of selected monosaccharides by pancreatic islets vs acinar cells in the perspective of imaging of the endocrine pancreas
by a non invasive method. 相似文献
28.
29.
Julie Wecsler MD Young Ju Jeong MD PhD Akshara S. Raghavendra MD MS Wendy J. Mack PhD Debasish Tripathy MD Mary W. Yamashita MD Pulin A. Sheth MD Linda Hovanessian Larsen MD Christy A. Russell MD Heather MacDonald MD Stephen F. Sener MD FACS Julie E. Lang MD FACS 《Journal of surgical oncology》2020,121(4):589-598
30.
Florian J. Wegehaupt Barbara Solt Beatrice Sener Annette Wiegand Patrick R. Schmidlin Thomas Attin 《Archives of oral biology》2009,54(9):823-829