Total intravenous multicomponent anesthesia with diprivan infusion in a specific concentration in neurosurgical patients

Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with diprivane infusion in a purposeful concentration was carried out in 54 patients for various neurosurgical interventions. Purposeful concentrations of diprivane for induction and maintaining anesthesia were 1.5-2 times lower than those recommended by the manufacturer, which was due to effects of TIVA components fentanyl, clofelin, and diazepam, as well as patient's age, clinical status, and, probably, neurosurgical disease. Anesthesia was controllable and hemodynamically stable, the awakening was early.     

Errors, hazards and complications in transurethral resection of prostatic hyperplasia

Transurethral resection of hyperplastic prostate was carried out in 667 patients. Complications associated with the intervention occurred in 146 (21.89%) patients: intraoperative in 31 (4.6%), immediately after surgery in 68 (10.2%), and during remote period in 47 (7.04%) patients. Causes of complications are discussed, probable errors in transurethral resection are enumerated, and recommendations on prevention of complications in endosurgery for prostatic hyperplasia are offered.     

Antithrombotic Activity of N,N-Dichlorotaurine on Mouse Model of Thrombosis in Vivo

Intravenous injection of chloramine derivatives of amino acids and taurine reduced the mortality rate in mice with thrombosis induced by intravenous injection of ADP or collagen-epinephrine mixture. Intravenous injection of N,N-dichlorotaurine caused 50% inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP and measured in the platelet-enriched plasma in vitro. The antithrombotic effect of chloramine derivatives of amino acids and taurine is related to their ability to suppress functional activity of platelets.     

Is there an association between a history of placental abruption and long-term maternal renal complications?

Objective: To investigate whether patients with a history of placental abruption have an increased risk for subsequent maternal long-term morbidity.

Study design: A population-based study compared the incidence of long-term renal morbidity in cohort of women with and without a history of placental abruption. Deliveries occurred during a 25-year period, with a mean follow-up duration of 11.2 years. Renal morbidity included kidney transplantation, chronic renal failure, hypertensive renal disease, etc.

Results: During the study period 99?354 deliveries met the inclusion criteria; 1.8% (n?=?1807) occurred in patients with a diagnosis of placental abruption. Patients with placental abruption did not have higher cumulative incidence of renal related hospitalizations, using Kaplan–Meier survival curve. During the follow-up period patients with a history of placental abruption did not have higher rate of renal morbidity (0.2% versus 0.1%; OR 1.8; 95% CI 0.6–4.8; p?=?0.261). When performing a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for confounders such as parity and diabetes mellitus, a history of placental abruption was not associated with renal related hospitalizations (adjusted HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.6–4.2; p?=?0.381).

Conclusion: Placental abruption, even though considered a part of the “placental syndrome” with possible vascular etiology, is not a risk factor for long-term maternal renal complications.     

The scleral rigidity of eyes with different refractions

Background

The weakened biomechanical properties of the sclera is an important feature of myopic eyes. The quantitative evaluation in vivo of posterior scleral resistance to the elongation remains a challenge.

Methods

This study comprised 172 eyes from 86 subjects with a mean age of 20.6?years (range, 18–28?years). Ultrasound biometry was performed using an immersion technique and the A-scan device (the Biometer AL-1000 -TOMEY). The axial length of the eye was measured twice: before and during the application of an external pressure of 30?g on the eye. The difference between two mean values of AL measurements before and during the pressure application was considered as a degree of change in the axial length that resulted from the IOP elevation. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft Corp.) for subsequent analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SigmaPlot software (version 11.0, Systat Software, Inc.). A value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.

Results

The means ± SD of axial changes before and during the external pressure for hyperopia, emmetropia, myopia 0.5–3.0 D, myopia 3.25–6.0 D, myopia 6.25–12.0 D and myopia over 12.0 D were as follows: 0.03?±?0.01?mm, 0.05?±?0.01?mm, 0.18?±?0.07?mm, 0.31?±?0.02?mm, 0.38 ±?0.07?mm, and 0.51?±?0.9?mm, respectively. The difference among groups was statistically significant.

Conclusions

In conclusion, our study indicates that the biomechanical properties of the scleral coat, in terms of stretching and AL elongation, are measurable. The hypermetropic and emmetropic eyes possessed stiff sclera. The extent of AL remained practically unchanged during IOP elevation in these eyes. The absolute majority of the myopic eyes revealed a biomechanical weakness of the scleral shell. A higher degree of myopia was associated with increased AL elongation. Our approach to measuring the biomechanical properties of the sclera may have clinical significance in the future.     

Myocardial microcirculation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM: To examine myocardial microcirculation in patients with SLE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Examination of 21 SLE patients consisted of perfusion tomoscintigraphy of the myocardium with Tl-201 at rest and in combination with bicycle exercise. Various protocols were used. RESULTS: The majority of SLE patients had resting disorders of myocardial perfusion: 5 had macrofocal scar lesion of the myocardium, 12 had disorders typical for small-focal myocardial fibrosis. Normal distribution of the perfusion occurred in 4 cases. Tomoscintigraphy performed in combination with exercise test revealed in 11 of 15 patients transient perfusion disturbances reflecting transient myocardial ischemia. One third of the patients had changes characteristic of myocardial ischemia due to coronary atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: SLE patients have disorders of myocardial perfusion including those characteristic of scar lesion, small-focal cardiofibrosis and transient myocardial ischemia of different genesis: due to disorders in microcirculation and atherosclerotic lesion of major coronary arteries.     

Is colonization with GBS in a previous pregnancy associated with adverse perinatal outcomes?

Objective  

To investigate whether colonization with GBS in a previous pregnancy is associated subsequently with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes.