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81.
Olivier Oth Stéphane Louryan Serge Van Sint Jan Marcel Rooze Régine Glineur 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》2013,35(3):241-247
Purpose
Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is the most common procedure used to treat mandibular deformities. BSSO procedures include the Epker technique and the Dal Pont technique which are the most frequently used. Because of the intramandibular pathway of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), neurosensory disturbance of the lower lip and chin is the most common complication of BSSO. This study performed quantitative measurements from computed tomographic (CT) data obtained on dry human mandibles. The main aim of the study was to evaluate if mandibular divergence can predict the position of the IAN and the mylohyoid nerve (MHN) to prevent nerve injury.Methods
After CT and 3D reconstruction of 65 dry mandibles, 30 measurements were made on 3 planes for each hemi-mandible. This allowed analysis of the IAN and MHN pathways. Three groups of hemi-mandibles were created depending on their divergence, and a statistical analysis was performed.Results
Eight out of the 30 measurements showed a significant difference among the 3 groups. There was no significant difference for the remaining 22 measurements.Conclusions
The IAN seems to have a more superior position in the groups of mandibular hypo- and hyper-divergence. Orthognathic surgeons should use a more superficial retromolar bone incision in these cases. Finally, the Epker technique would be safer for preserving the MHN in normo- and hypo-divergent patients. 相似文献82.
83.
84.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is a mediator of dopaminergic neuron loss in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
Smith PD Crocker SJ Jackson-Lewis V Jordan-Sciutto KL Hayley S Mount MP O'Hare MJ Callaghan S Slack RS Przedborski S Anisman H Park DS 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(23):13650-13655
Recent evidence indicates that cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs, cdks) may be inappropriately activated in several neurodegenerative conditions. Here, we report that cdk5 expression and activity are elevated after administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a toxin that damages the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. Supporting the pathogenic significance of the cdk5 alterations are the findings that the general cdk inhibitor, flavopiridol, or expression of dominant-negative cdk5, and to a lesser extent dominant-negative cdk2, attenuates the loss of dopaminergic neurons caused by MPTP. In addition, CDK inhibition strategies attenuate MPTP-induced hypolocomotion and markers of striatal function independent of striatal dopamine. We propose that cdk5 is a key regulator in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. 相似文献
85.
The capacity of blood group antibodies to agglutinate red cells suspended in saline is largely dependent on the antibody isotype. The immunological cross-linking of IgG antibodies has previously been described as a means to increase the reactivity of IgG in many situations. We have prepared anti-D-containing complexes by blending a human IgG anti-D monoclonal antibody (mAb) and a murine anti-human IgG mAb. In standard red cell serology assays, the anti-D complexes exhibited a very high avidity and could agglutinate weak D-positive red cells in direct saline testing. These results indicate that potent saline hemagglutinating reagents of RhD and eventually of other blood group specificities can be prepared from IgG mAbs. 相似文献
86.
Immediate Implants Placed in Infected and Noninfected Sites after Atraumatic Tooth Extraction and Placement with Ultrasonic Bone Surgery 下载免费PDF全文
87.
Video lottery: winning expectancies and arousal 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ladouceur R Sévigny S Blaszczynski A O'Connor K Lavoie ME 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2003,98(6):733-738
Aims This study investigates the effects of video lottery players' expectancies of winning on physiological and subjective arousal.
Design Participants were assigned randomly to one of two experimental conditions: high and low winning expectancies.
Setting Participants played 100 video lottery games in a laboratory setting while physiological measures were recorded. Level of risk-taking was controlled.
Participants Participants were 34 occasional or regular video lottery players. They were assigned randomly into two groups of 17, with nine men and eight women in each group.
Intervention The low-expectancy group played for fun, therefore expecting to win worthless credits, while the high-expectancy group played for real money.
Measurements Players' experience, demographic variables and subjective arousal were assessed. Severity of problem gambling was measured with the South Oaks Gambling Screen. In order to measure arousal, the average heart rate was recorded across eight periods.
Findings Participants exposed to high as compared to low expectations experienced faster heart rate prior to and during the gambling session. According to self-reports, it is the expectancy of winning money that is exciting, not playing the game.
Conclusions Regardless of the level of risk-taking, expectancy of winning is a cognitive factor influencing levels of arousal. When playing for fun, gambling becomes significantly less stimulating than when playing for money. 相似文献
Design Participants were assigned randomly to one of two experimental conditions: high and low winning expectancies.
Setting Participants played 100 video lottery games in a laboratory setting while physiological measures were recorded. Level of risk-taking was controlled.
Participants Participants were 34 occasional or regular video lottery players. They were assigned randomly into two groups of 17, with nine men and eight women in each group.
Intervention The low-expectancy group played for fun, therefore expecting to win worthless credits, while the high-expectancy group played for real money.
Measurements Players' experience, demographic variables and subjective arousal were assessed. Severity of problem gambling was measured with the South Oaks Gambling Screen. In order to measure arousal, the average heart rate was recorded across eight periods.
Findings Participants exposed to high as compared to low expectations experienced faster heart rate prior to and during the gambling session. According to self-reports, it is the expectancy of winning money that is exciting, not playing the game.
Conclusions Regardless of the level of risk-taking, expectancy of winning is a cognitive factor influencing levels of arousal. When playing for fun, gambling becomes significantly less stimulating than when playing for money. 相似文献
88.
Yvan?BeaussantEmail author Florence?Mathieu-Nicot Lionel?Pazart Christophe?Tournigand Serge?Daneault Elodie?Cretin Aurélie?Godard-Marceau Aline?Chassagne Hélène?Trimaille Carole?Bouleuc Patrice?Cuynet Eric?Deconinck Régis?Aubry 《BMC palliative care》2015,14(1):61
Background
Little is known about what is at stake at a subjective level for the oncologists and the advanced cancer patients when they face the question whether to continue, limit or stop specific therapies. We studied (1) the frequency of such questioning, and (2) subjective determinants of the decision-making process from the physicians’ and the patients’ perspectives.Methods
(1) All hospitalized patients were screened during 1 week in oncology and/or hematology units of five institutions. We included those with advanced cancer for whom a questioning about the pursuit, the limitation or the withholding of specific therapies (QST) was raised. (2) Qualitative design was based on in-depth interviews.Results
In conventional units, 12.8 % of cancer patients (26 out of 202) were concerned by a QST during the study period. Interviews were conducted with all physicians and 21 advanced cancer patients. The timing of this questioning occurred most frequently as physicians estimated life expectancy between 15 days and 3 months. Faced with the most frequent dilemma (uncertain risk-benefit balance), physicians showed different ways of involving patients. The first two were called the “no choice” models: 1) trying to resolve the dilemma via a technical answer or a “wait-and-see” posture, instead of involving the patients in the questioning and the thinking; and 2), giving a “last minute” choice to the patients, leaving to them the responsibility of the decision. In a third model, they engaged early in shared reflections and dialogue about uncertainties and limits with patients, proxies and care teams. These schematic trends influenced patients’ attitudes towards uncertainty and limits, as they were influenced by these ones. Individual and systemic barriers to a shared questioning were pointed out by physicians and patients.Conclusions
This study indicate to what extent these difficult decisions are related to physicians’ and patients’ respective and mutually influenced abilities to deal with and share about uncertainties and limits, throughout the disease trajectory. These insights may help physicians, patients and policy makers to enrich their understanding of underestimated and sensitive key issues of the decision-making process.89.
90.
Georgia R. Gore‐Langton Matthew Cairns Yves Daniel Compaor Issaka Sagara Irene Kuepfer Issaka Zongo Mariken M. de Wit Amadou Barry Modibo Diarra Amadou Tapily Samba Coumare Ismail Thera Frederic Nikiema R. Serge Yerbanga Rosemonde M. Guissou Halidou Tinto Alassane Dicko Daniel Chandramohan Brian Greenwood Jean Bosco Ouedraogo 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2020,25(6):740-750