Echographische Untersuchungen feingeweblicher Strukturen zur Klärung des Echo-Ursprunges in Tumoren

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Echographie ist eine Differentialdiagnose der Tumoren in begrenztem Ausmaß möglich, da sich die Echogramme histologisch wesentlich verschiedener Geschwülste deutlich voneinander unterscheiden. Voraussetzung für eine Differentialdiagnose sind Kenntnisse über das Verhalten der Schallwellen und den Ursprung der Echos im Tumorgewebe. Auf Grund theoretischer Überlegungen sowie klinisch und experimentell gewonnener Erkenntnisse werden das Verhalten der Schallwellen in Tumorgeweben und die Möglichkeiten eines Echo-Ursprunges aufgezeigt.

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Summary Since the echograms of tumors that differ markedly from the histological point of view may readily be distinguished from each other, a limited differential diagnosis of tumors by means of echography is possible. A differential diagnosis must be based on knowledge of the behavior of sound waves and the origin of the echo in the tumorous tissue. Based on theoretical considerations as well as on clinical and experimental findings, the authors explain the behavior of sound waves in tumorous tissue and point out the possible origins of the echo.

     

Tension pneumothorax as anaesthesia complication - report on 3 cases (author's transl)]

Three cases of tension pneumothorax during anesthesia are reported. The symptoms, difficulty to ventilation, unusual, decreased or absent chest movements and breath sounds, rapid onset of circulatory collapse. Decompression of the pleural cavity by puncture or thoracotomy is lifesaving.     

Inhaled pentamidine for Pneumocystis jiroveci prophylaxis in a heart transplant recipient with allergy for trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole

Pneumocystis jiroveci is an important cause of mortality and morbidity among heart transplant recipients. This raises the question of prophylactic treatment for this infection. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole is commonly used in P. jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis with mild to severe adverse effects. We present the use of inhaled pentamidine as P. jiroveci prophylaxis in a patient with an allergy to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole.     

Soutien social,dépression et estime de soi chez les personnes âgées : les résultats d’une analyse en cluster

ObjectiveThis study investigated the relation in later life between social support and different mental health variables: depression and self-esteem. Social support was considered according to Cutrona and Russell's approach, which includes six dimensions: attachment, social integration, reassurance of worth, reliable alliance, guidance, and opportunity for nurturance. Several authors attributed to social support a major protective role in mental health. In fact, different links between social support and mental health variables were found in adulthood. More and more studies deal with social support in later life. In particular, the protective role of social support in stressful live events and its relation to mental health or illness have been examined. The objective of this study was to clarify the links between social support, depression and self-esteem in later life, with an alternative statistical method.MethodA cluster analysis was performed in order to group together older persons on the basis of their social support level. Ninety-three French older people living in their home were recruited, with a mean age of 70.72 (SD: 7.06). The social support was assessed with Caron’ social support scale (The Social Provision Scale) which measures the six functions of social relationships. Depression and self-esteem were evaluated respectively with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Cluster analysis was chosen because it allows to bound natural groupings within data and to determine homogeneous groups inside the sample of the study. Then, ANOVA were performed in order to compare these groups as for their depression and self-esteem scores.ResultsFirst, results revealed three social support profiles or groups: High social support level, Moderate social support level and Low social support level. Group with high social support level presents high level for all dimensions of social support: attachment, social integration, reassurance of worth, reliable alliance, guidance, and opportunity for nurturance. In addition, groups with moderate and low levels of social support are characterized respectively by moderate and low levels for all dimensions of social support. Second, different relationships of these profiles with depression and self-esteem were found. The older persons with high level of social support present a low depression level associated high self-esteem. Moreover, participants with moderate or low social support profile present high depression and low self-esteem levels.ConclusionThe relationship between social support and mental health was brought to light. The clinical implications and possible interventions are discussed. In particular, different methodological and conceptual approaches of social support interventions are evoked, such as interventions, which include family, friends or peers.     

Serum interleukin-37 level and interleukin-37 gene polymorphism in patients with Behçet disease

Clinical Rheumatology - Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disease. The etiopathogenesis of BD is not well understood and several cytokines and genetic factors have been...     

An overlooked rheumatologic manifestation of diabetes: diabetic cheiroarthropathy

Clinical Rheumatology - The objectives of the study were to analyze the clinical characteristic of diabetic cheiroarthropathy (DCA) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), type 2 DM, and...     

Migraine and associated comorbidities are three times more frequent in children with ADHD and their mothers

Objective

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuro-developmental disorder related to internalizing and externalizing disorders as well as somatic complaints and disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of headache subtypes, epilepsy, atopic disorders, motion sickness and recurrent abdominal pain among children and adolescents with ADHD and their parents.