Clinical studies on PC-904 in biliary tract diseases (author's transl)]

The clinical effects of PC-904, a new semisynthetic penicillin, were studied in patients with biliary tract diseases, and the results were as follows: 1) PC-904 showed an average peak serum level of 40.7 +/- 11.6 microgram/ml 2 hours after an intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of the agent. The biliary level showed a peak value of 126.5 +/- 85.4 microgram/ml 2 hours to 3 hours after the infusion. 2) Isolated organisms from bile before the treatment were E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Bacteroides. MIC of PC-904 on 18 strains of isolated organisms was almost 6.25 microgram/ml or less. All isolated organisms except one strain of Klebsiella oxytoca disappeared after the treatment. 3) Six patients with cholelithiasis were medicated with PC-904 to prevent post-operative infections. The clinical effects were good in 4, poor in 1 and unknown in 1 case. 4) As to side effects no adverse reactions and allergic reactions were noted. Also no significant abnormalities of laboratory findings were observed.     

The potentiating influences of insulin on pancreozymin-induced hyperpolarization and amylase release in the pancreatic acinar cell.

1. Insulin (1 mu./ml.) potentiated the release of amylase from isolated pancreas of rats perfused with erythrocyte-containing medium and stimulated by 0-5 m-u. pancreozymin (Pz)/ml., whereas the same concentration of insulin failed to potentiate the response evoked by or 200 m-u. PZ/ml. 2. Intracellular measurement of membrane potentials from the acinar cells of the same preparations showed that insulin (1 mu./ml.) simultaneously potentiates the hyperpolarization and amylase release in response to 0-5 m-u. PZ/ml. 3. These effects of insulin on the PZ-induced responses were inhibited by ouabain (3 X 10(-5) M). 4. The results suggest that insulin, in the concentration studied, has a potentiating action on the activity of an electrogenic Na pump, which maintains the hyperpolarization and amylase release during continuous stimulation with Pz. 5. Insulin in also potentiated the Pz-induced amylase release in the rat pancreata in situ after vagotomy and ligature of the pyloric region.