A bibliometric analysis of toxicology research productivity in Middle Eastern Arab countries during a 10-year period (2003–2012)

Background

The key to universal coverage in tuberculosis (TB) management lies in community participation and empowerment of the population. Social infrastructure development generates social capital and addresses the crucial social determinants of TB, thereby improving program performance. Recently, there has been renewed interest in the concept of social infrastructure development for TB control in developing countries. This study aims to revive this concept and highlight the fact that documentation on ways to operationalize urban TB control is required from a holistic development perspective. Further, it explains how development of social infrastructure impacts health and development outcomes, especially with respect to TB in urban settings.

Methods

A wide range of published Government records pertaining to social development parameters and TB program surveillance, between 2001 and 2011 in Delhi, were studied. Social infrastructure development parameters like human development index along with other indicators reflecting patient profile and habitation in urban settings were selected as social determinants of TB. These include adult literacy rates, per capita income, net migration rates, percentage growth in slum population, and percentage of urban population living in one-room dwelling units. The impact of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program on TB incidence was assessed as an annual decline in new TB cases notified under the program. Univariate linear regression was employed to examine the interrelationship between social development parameters and TB program outcomes.

Results

The decade saw a significant growth in most of the social development parameters in the State. TB program performance showed 46% increment in lives saved among all types of TB cases per 100,000 population. The 7% reduction in new TB case notifications from the year 2001 to 2011, translates to a logarithmic decline of 5.4 new TB cases per 100,000 population. Except per capita income, literacy, and net migration rates, other social determinants showed significant correlation with decline in new TB cases per 100,000 population.

Conclusions

Social infrastructure development leads to social capital generation which engenders positive growth in TB program outcomes. Strategies which promote social infrastructure development should find adequate weightage in the overall policy framework for urban TB control in developing countries.     

红花SRAP扩增体系的建立和优化

目的:探讨影响红花SRAP扩增的各种因素,建立能够稳定扩增红花基因组的体系,为研究红花重要性状的遗传基础及建立分子辅助标记育种的技术平台奠定基础.方法:用CTAB法提取红花DNA,设计Taq酶浓度(0.02、0.04、0.06 U/μl)、dNTP浓度(0.15、0.25、0.30 mmol/L)、Primer浓度(0.15、0.30、0.45 μmol/L)3因素3水平27次实验和Mg2 浓度(0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0 mmol/L)8水平单因素实验.在25 μl体系中加入模板DNA 20 ng.对体系进行优化,用琼脂糖进行检测.结果:本研究建立了适合红花的SRAP体系,Taq酶浓度为0.02 U/μl,dNTP浓度为0.25 mmol/L,Primer 浓度为0.30 μmol/L,Mg2 的浓度为3.0 mmol/L,优化后的体系目标条带增多,重现性好,得到了较好的扩增效果.结论:本研究建立的反应体系适合红花SRAP的研究.     

Dynamics of impulsive–compulsive behaviors in early Parkinson’s disease: a prospective study

Journal of Neurology - Impulsive compulsive behaviors (ICBs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are debilitating disorders of repetitive, excessive, and compulsive nature affecting up to one third...     

PSMA6/PSMC6/PSMA3基因多态性与系统性红斑狼疮发病的相关性

目的:明确蛋白酶体(PSM)相关基因单核苷酸多态性与中国人群系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的相关性。方法:PCR扩增101例SLE患者和143名正常对照者外周血目的基因片段,通过二代测序对目的基因片段进行测序检测蛋白酶体20 s亚单位和相关ATP酶基因的4个目标位点PSMA6(rs2277460),PSMA3(rs2348071),PSMC6(rs2295826,rs2295827)的基因型及等位基因频率。结果:SLE组及对照组中rs2277460(GG,GA、AA)基因型频率分别为97.22%,1.85%%,0.93%和96.5%,3.5%,0;rs2348071AA,AG,GG分别为30.56%、53.7%、15.74%和33.57%、50.35%、16.08%;rs2295826AA,AG,GG分别为75.93%、24.07%、0和69.23%、29.37%、1.4%;rs2295827CC、CT、TT分别为78.7%、19.45%、1.85%和76.22%、20.98%、2.8%,均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:PSMA6/PSMC6/PSMA3 SNPs可能与SLE的发病无关。     

大鼠发育第6天与第8天睾丸组织基因表达差异的分析

目的 检测大鼠精原干细胞早期发育过程中第6天与第8天睾丸组织的差异表达基因.方法 通过基因芯片技术,利用Roche-NimbleGen公司大鼠12×135K全基因组表达谱芯片分别与第6天和第8天睾丸组织的cDNA进行杂交.比较两个样品差异表达的基因.结果 差异表达基因700个,表达上调的基因共295个,表达下调的基因共405个.参与了1 407个基因功能分析条目;参与了46个生物学通路.结论 大鼠精原干细胞早期发育过程中,精原干细胞的发生与增殖是一个多基因参与、多因素作用和多阶段进展的过程.     

Late hepaticartery thrombosis after liver transplantation: which strategy? A single‐center retrospective study

The management of late hepatic artery thrombosis (LHAT) after liver transplantation (LT) is not codified. The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate outcomes after LHAT. All patients with HAT diagnosed 3 months or later after LT on computed tomography between 1993 and 2017 were included. Our policy was to apply a conservative management for asymptomatic or mild symptomatic patients and reserve retransplantation to symptomatic patients with diffuse cholangitis or liver abscess. A total of 56 patients were analyzed. LHAT diagnosis was made after a median interval of 48 months from LT (ranging from 3 to 368.3). At diagnosis, 28 (50%) patients were asymptomatic, 10 (17.8%) had mild symptoms (transient acute cholangitis), and 18 (32.1%) had severe complications. Asymptomatic patients experienced a 5‐year graft survival of 57% vs. 40% in those with mild symptoms and 11% in those with severe complications (P < 0.001). However, there was no difference in overall patient survival between groups. Our results suggest that conservative management of LHAT for asymptomatic patients or patients with mild complications is safe. Retransplantation should be reserved to patients with severe biliary complications.     

Development of an effective and rapid qPCR for identifying human ChREBPα/β isoforms in hepatic and adipose tissues

Most quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) detection methods use two types of chemistries to measure the expression levels of ChREBP isoforms, hydrolysis probes for ChREBPα and SYBR Green for ChREBPβ. Hydrolysis probes are not available to determine the ChREBPβ isoform. The aim of this study was to develop a qPCR assay based only on hydrolysis probes for both ChREBP isoforms. Liver and adipose tissue biopsies from patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy surgery were used to perform qPCR. To validate this assay, the results were compared with sequencing and High Resolution Melting (HRM) PCR assays. Direct sequencing was used to determine the sequence showing site where ChREBPβ presents its specific splicing (1?b exon/2 exon) in order to design the primers and the probe. We developed a qPCR assay to determine the ChREBP isoforms expression based on hydrolysis probes. It assays showed good efficiency (95.50%, on average), high reproducibility, and a strong linear correlation (R² ≥ 0.99) for tissues tested. HRM analysis confirmed the specificity of the primers and the result of this assay matched (100%) with the outcomes obtained by sequencing and qPCR. Also, we obtained the ChREBPβ sequence showing exon 1b spliced to exon 2, bypassing exon 1a, and retaining the remainder of the ChREBPα exons. Based on the use of hydrolysis probes, our method can efficiently identify the expression of both ChREBP isoforms. Thus, the comparability of the qPCR results using a single chemistry (hydrolysis probes) to discriminate between both ChREBP isoforms was possible.