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M. P. MAHAUT‐SMITH 《Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis》2012,10(9):1722-1732
Summary. Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play ubiquitous roles in cellular homeostasis and activation. In addition to their recognized role in the regulation of ionic permeability and thus membrane potential, some channel proteins possess intrinsic kinase activity, directly interact with integrins or are permeable to molecules up to ≈1000 Da. The small size and anuclear nature of the platelet has often hindered progress in understanding the role of specific ion channels in hemostasis, thrombosis and other platelet‐dependent events. However, with the aid of transgenic mice and ‘surrogate’ patch clamp recordings from primary megakaryocytes, important unique contributions to platelet function have been identified for several classes of ion channel. Examples include ATP‐gated P2X1 channels, Orai1 store‐operated Ca2+ channels, voltage‐gated Kv1.3 channels, AMPA and kainate glutamate receptors and connexin gap junction channels. Furthermore, evidence exists that some ion channels, such as NMDA glutamate receptors, contribute to megakaryocyte development. This review examines the evidence for expression of a range of ion channels in the platelet and its progenitor cell, and highlights the distinct roles that these proteins may play in health and disease. 相似文献
73.
Tracey KAIN Jane ZOCHLING Andrew TAYLOR Nicholas MANOLIOS Malcolm D. SMITH Mark D. REED Matthew A. BROWN Lionel SCHACHNA 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2008,11(1):45-49
Aim: To develop a set of Australian recommendations for the monitoring and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through systematic literature review combined with the opinion of practicing rheumatologists. Methods: A set of eight questions, four in each domain of monitoring and treatment, were formulated by voting and the Delphi method. The results of a systematic literature review addressing each question were presented to the 23 participants of the Australian 3E meeting. All participants were clinical rheumatologists experienced in the daily management of AS. Results: After three rounds of breakout sessions to discuss the findings of the literature review, a set of recommendations was finalized after discussion and voting. The category of evidence and strength of recommendation were determined for each proposal. The level of agreement among participants was excellent (mean 84%, range 64–100%). Conclusions: The 12 recommendations developed from evidence and expert opinion provide guidance for the daily management of AS patients. For most recommendations, we found a paucity of supportive evidence in the literature highlighting the need for additional clinical studies. 相似文献
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SMITH CAROLINE R.; BINDER A. I.; PAICE ELISABETH W. 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1990,29(5):386-388
We describe three patients who presented with pain and restrictionof movement at the shoulder suggestive of capsulitis, but provedto have lesions of the mid-shaft of the humerus. It is importantto be aware of the possibility of this cause of a frozenshoulder, since radiographs of the shoulder are usuallycropped at the mid-humerus and lesions at this level may easilybe missed. A radiograph of the entire humerus, or an isotopebone scan, may be more useful than repeated shoulder radiographsin patients whose shoulder symptoms do not respond to standardtreatment KEY WORDS: Shoulder joint, Humerus, Radiographs, Pain
Department of Rheumatology, The Whittington Hospita HighgateHill, London N19 5NF 相似文献
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111INDIUM-LABELLED POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTE SCANS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS--AN IMPORTANT CLINICAL CAUSE OF FALSE POSITIVE RESULTS 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
ROONEY P. J.; JENKINS R. T.; SMITH K. M.; COATES G. 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1986,25(2):167-170
The presence of rheumatoid arthritis in patients undergoing111indium-labelled polymorphonuclear leucocyte scanning representsa source of possible diagnostic confusion. In such patients,the labelled cells frequently accumulate over the caecum andascending colon, despite the absence of obvious pathology ofthe large bowel. The aetiology of this effect is unknown. KEY WORDS: 111Indium-labelled polymorphonuclear leucocytes, Rheumatoid arthritis 相似文献
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Raquel Morais CASTRO Perrin SMITH NETO Martinho Campolina Rebello HORTA Matheus Melo PITHON Dauro Douglas OLIVEIRA 《Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB》2013,21(4):314-319
Objective
To compare the static frictional forces generated at the bracket/wire interface of stainless steel brackets with different geometries and angulations, combined with orthodontic wires of different diameters.Material and Methods
The frictional forces were evaluated with three different types of metal brackets: a passive self-ligating (SmartClipTM, 3M/Unitek, Monrovia, USA), with a modified slot design (Mini Uni TwinTM, 3M/Unitek, Monrovia, USA) and conventional (Kirium, Abzil, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil). The samples were mounted in a testing device with three different angulations and tested with 0.014" and 0.018" stainless steel wires (American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, USA). The static frictional force was measured using a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC®, São José dos Pinhais, Brazil) with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni''s post hoc test.Results
There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in static friction when the three types of brackets were tested with the same wire size. The wire diameter influenced friction only when the brackets had a 10º angulation (p<0.05). The angulation influenced friction (p<0.05) when the brackets were associated with a 0.018" wire.Conclusion
Brackets with a modified slot design showed intermediate static frictional force values between the conventional and self-ligating brackets tested. 相似文献79.
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