Salicylate enhances necrosis and apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial permeability transition.

Onset of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) causes both necrotic and apoptotic cell death in cultured hepatocytes. Salicylate lowers the threshold for onset of the MPT. In this study, our aim was to determine whether nontoxic concentrations of salicylate potentiate MPT-mediated cell killing. In necrotic killing models to rat hepatocytes, salicylate (1 mM) enhanced calcium ionophore (Br-A23187)- and tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-induced cell death, which was blocked or delayed by cyclosporin A (CsA, 2 microM), a specific inhibitor of the MPT. In hepatocyte apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), salicylate accelerated cell killing after low-dose TNF-alpha (1 ng/ml), which by itself induced little apoptosis. Salicylate enhancement of apoptosis was associated with onset of the MPT and accelerated caspase 3 activation. Salicylate also augmented killing of MCF-7 human breast tumor cells by etoposide and PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cells by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). In conclusion, salicylate potentiates both necrotic and apoptotic cell killing by promoting onset of the MPT. Enhancement by salicylate of MPT-dependent apoptosis may play a role in protection by aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against colon, lung, and breast cancer.     

上海郊区老年痴呆症病人α-雌激素受体及芳香烃受体基因多态性

目的：探索上海地区农民人群中α-雌激素受体基因(ER-α)及芳香烃受体基因(Ahr)不同基因形态和老年痴呆症高发风险的可能联系．方法：分别以PCR—RFLP和AS—PCR方法分析一组老年痴呆症患者(n=52)ER-α基因及Ahr基因的多态位点，同一地区的健康人群(n=125)为对照．结果：Alzheimer症病人ER-α基因两个位点突变形态频率显著高于对照人群(Pvu Ⅱ位点：P=0．023，OR=2．94，95％CI 1．13—7．71；Xba I位点：P=0．046，0R=2．28，95％ CI 1．003—5．17)．Ahr G1721A位点基因型频率在病人组和对照组间无显著差异．结论：ER-α基因多态性可能与Alzheimer症易感性个体差异有关，本工作不支持Ahr基因多态性与老年痴呆症高发风险间的可能关联．     

Clinical analysis of 276 cases of non-palpable TO breast cancer

Objective Discussion of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of non-palpable TO breast cancer. Methods Between 1978 and 1997, 9,980 female patients with operable breast cancer were treated surgically, of which 276 were determined to have TO breast cancer. Most TO breast cancers could be detected promptly with careful examination of presenting symptoms, such as nipple discharge, local thickening of the breast, nipple erosion, nipple retraction and postmenopausal mastalgia, while 12 cases were detected by routine mammography of the contralateral breast. Results All patients were treated surgically and their tissue subjected to histopathological examination. Most cases (73.0%) were noninvasive or early invasive carcinoma. Axillary lymph nodes metastases were found in 7.69% of 234 mastectomy cases. Conclusion The survival rate was significantly increased if the tumor was in an early stage. The 5-, 10-, 15-years survival rates were 98.1%, 94.6% and 90.3%, respectively.     

抗癌作用新靶点及其抑制剂的研究进展

针对靶点分子或某种发生发展机制来设计抗肿瘤药物的研究工作已取得了相当大的成就.这类药物的特异性强,疗效显著,因此,针对这些新靶点进行药物设计可以使抗肿瘤药物的研究产生一次新的革命.本综述旨在讨论目前抗肿瘤药物研究的潜在的新靶点以及它们相应的抑制剂或拮抗剂.     

卵巢上皮性癌155例的治疗与预后

目的：探讨卵巢上皮性癌的治疗与影响预后的因素。方法：对１９７０年１月至１９９２年１２月在我院治疗的１５５例卵巢上皮性癌进行回顾性分析。全部手术切除标本经病理检查诊断并按ＦＩＧＯ分期标准进行分期，４２例行２次手术，４例行３次手术。除６例外，余１４９例均于手术后行化疗，３２例于第２次术后再次行化疗，９例因复发再次化疗。结果：２年、５年、１０年的生存率分别为Ⅰ期９２．４％、８７．０％、７０．６％；Ⅱ期９１．９％、６３．６％、４７．８％；Ⅲ期５９．９％、３８．２％、１９．２％；Ⅳ期２５．０％、２５．０％、０．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。６例未化疗者均在术后２年内死亡。结果表明，预后与临床分期、细胞分化、残留癌灶大小有关。５年生存率中，Ⅰ期为８７．０％和Ⅲ期为３８．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；Ｇ１的５年生存率为９５．９％，Ｇ３为１１．８％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；无残留癌灶者为９７．６％，残留癌灶＞２ｃｍ者为２１．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：在卵巢上皮性癌初次手术时残留癌灶＜２ｃｍ，并于术后尽早开始化疗，可提高生存率。     

四种小儿动脉导管未闭堵闭术的临床应用:附127例报告

本文采用四种不同的介入治疗方法堵闭动脉导管共127例,成功率海绵塞法为92％(23/25例),双面伞器法为98.6％(66/67例),钮扣式补片法为100％(26/26例),弹簧圈器法为100％(9/9例)。海绵塞法和弹簧圈器无残余分流;术后6个月双面伞器法残余分流为7％(5/67例),钮扣式补片法为15％(4/26例)。钮扣式补片法和弹簧圈器法无并发症,海绵塞法为24％(6/25例),双面伞器法为4％(3/67例)。我们认为,钮扣式补片法及弹簧圈器法在小儿动脉导管未闭的介入治疗中具有较大的应用价值。     

鼻咽癌微血管与远处转移关系的初步研究

目的 研究肿瘤血管参数改变在鼻咽癌远处转移中的及其评价预后的作用；并由此探讨抗篾这生成治疗预防鼻咽癌远处转移的可能性。方法 选择５２例初治转移鼻咽癌，与另５２例初治无转移且长期无瘤生存的鼻咽癌在性别、年龄、Ｔ分期和Ｎ分期方面进行一对一配对，取其组织进行微血管的免疫组化染色和计算机图象分析，配对比较４个参数；微血管计数、微血管相对面积、平均血管面积和平均血管周长。并分析这些参数在各型转移鼻咽癌中的差     

大部脾栓塞术对重型地中海贫血患儿免疫功能影响的研究

目的评估大部脾栓塞术后重型地中海贫血患儿免疫功能的变化。方法对６２例患儿行脾大部栓塞术。结果ＩｇＧ在术后１周（１３±４ｇ／Ｌ）和术前（１６±６ｇ／Ｌ）差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５），术后３周恢复术前水平（１６±５ｇ／Ｌ）。ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ术前及术后各周均无明显差异。Ｔ细胞亚群中总Ｔ细胞数术前（４９±１２）和术后（６０±１２）差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｔ辅助淋巴细胞（ＴＨ）术前（３８±９）与术后（４５±７）比较差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＴＨ／ＴＳ比值术后（１．６±０．３）与术前（１．２９±０．４）比较差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），而Ｔ抑制淋巴细胞（Ｔｓ）术后（２９±７）与术前（３１±６）比较差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。纤维连接蛋白术后（２４８±７８）与术前（１１８±４１）比较差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＰＳＥ后免疫功能在术后３周迅速恢复     

术前IADSA和栓塞术在鼻咽纤维血管瘤治疗中的应用

目的：研究分析术前经动脉数字减影血管造影（ＩＡＤＳＡ）和栓塞术在鼻咽纤维血管瘤治疗中的价值。方法：分析本院２１例鼻咽纤维血管瘤患者的临床分析治疗资料，１主后１年复发，再次手术治疗。２２次手术中，术前行及未行ＩＡＤＳＡ和栓塞术的各１１次。 术前示行和行ＩＡＤＳＡ和栓塞术的要中平均出血量和输血量。结果：术前未行和行ＩＡＤＳＡ和栓塞术的术中出量量和输血量分别为１１３６ｍｌ、８３６ｍｌ、６７７ｍｌ、４００     

Evaluation of the effectiveness of preoperative embolization in surgery for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 21 patients (22 procedures) with histologically proven nasopharyngeal angiofibromas. Eleven patients underwent preoperative intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) and embolization with Gelfoam. Embolization reduced the intraoperative blood loss from an average of 1136 ml in the non-embolized patients to 677 ml in the embolized cases (P < 0.05) and transfusions from an average of 836 ml to 400 ml (P < 0.01). Results again show that preoperative embolization is effective in reducing intraoperative blood loss. Received: 10 May 1997 / Accepted: 21 October 1997