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31.
Studies on the urinary excretion of oxalate by normal subjects. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
H E ARCHER A E DORMER E F SCOWEN R W WATTS 《Clinical science (London, England : 1979)》1957,16(3):405-411
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34.
Objectives
The aim of this work was to audit the extent to which routine HIV care in the UK conforms with British HIV Association (BHIVA) guidelines and specifically the proportion of patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who achieve the outcome of virological suppression below 50 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL within 6 months.Methods
A prospective cohort review of adults with HIV infection who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the first time between April and September 2006 was carried out using structured questionnaire forms.Results
A total of 1170 adults from 122 clinical sites participated in the review. Of these patients, 699 (59.7%) started ART at CD4 counts <200 cells/μL and 193 (16.5%) had not been tested for HIV drug resistance. Excluding patients with valid reasons for stopping short‐term ART, 795 (73.5%) of 1081 patients had an undetectable viral load (VL) at follow‐up. Detectable VL was strongly associated with pretreatment CD4 count below 50 cells/μL and pretreatment VL above 100 000 copies/mL, and was not associated with clinic location or case load. About a quarter of patients did not have a VL measurement during the first 6 weeks after starting ART.Conclusions
The majority of patients who initiated ART at sites participating in this UK national audit were managed within the BHIVA guidelines and achieved virological suppression below 50 copies/mL around 6 months after commencing treatment. Poor VL outcomes were associated with very low CD4 cell count and/or high VL at baseline but not with clinic case load or location. There is an urgent need to diagnose patients at an earlier stage of their HIV disease. 相似文献35.
36.
37.
Cooperative enhancement of F-cell formation in baboons treated with erythropoietin and hydroxyurea 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Al-Khatti A; Papayannopoulou T; Knitter G; Fritsch EF; Stamatoyannopoulos G 《Blood》1988,72(2):817-819
Chronically anemic baboons on a continuous hydroxyurea regimen were treated with pulsed doses of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) to test whether the combination of these two compounds, which individually induce F-cell production, can enhance further F-cell output. A low-F-cell-responding animal under chronic hydroxyurea treatment was given three separate pulses of Epo and responded with F- reticulocyte increments that were similar to the sum increments caused by either hydroxyurea alone or rHuEpo alone. The same results were obtained in a high-F-responding animal similarly treated. These findings suggest that rHuEpo and hydroxyurea can increase F cell numbers in an additive fashion. It is speculated that both compounds act through perturbation of erythroid differentiation kinetics. 相似文献
38.
Lack of a co-promoting effect of a 60 Hz magnetic field on skin tumorigenesis in SENCAR mice 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
Sasser LB; Anderson LE; Morris JE; Miller DL; Walborg EF Jr; Kavet R; Johnston DA; DiGiovanni J 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(9):1617-1621
It has been proposed that extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields may
enhance tumorigenesis through a co-promotional mechanism. This hypothesis
has been further tested using the two-stage model of mouse skin
carcinogenesis, i.e. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- induced
promotion of skin tumors in mice initiated by a single subcarcinogenic dose
of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Experimentation described herein
utilized the SENCAR mouse and examined the effect of a magnetic field on
skin tumor promotion induced by three different doses of TPA within its
dose-response range, i.e. 0.85, 1.70 or 3.40 nmol, administered twice per
week. SENCAR mice (56/treatment group) were exposed to a 60 Hz magnetic
field having a flux density of 2 mT for 6 h/day for 5 days/week and
compared with mice exposed to the ambient magnetic field. Tumor incidence
and multiplicity were monitored weekly for 23 weeks of TPA promotion.
Statistical evaluation of the effects of the magnetic field on tumor
incidence and multiplicity did not reveal any statistically significant
effects; thus, within the sensitivity limits imposed by the animal model
and the exposure parameters employed, no promotional or co-promotional
effect of a 2 mT magnetic field on skin tumor development in SENCAR mice
could be demonstrated.
相似文献
39.
Increased colonic wall thickness has been reported in patients exposed to large doses of high strength pancreatic enzyme preparations who did not develop fibrosing colonopathy. This has been interpreted as evidence for a spectrum of subclinical disease. The relation between sonographically measured colonic wall thickness and pancreatic enzyme preparation and dose was studied in 86 children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Colonic wall thickness of a control group was also measured. The average thickness in all colonic regions was higher in the CF group (overall average range 0.7-2.5 mm v 0.6-1.4 mm in the control group). There was no significant relation between colonic wall thickness and age, sex, total dose of lipase, or copolymer. Apart from one patient with an early colonic stricture, none of those exposed to high doses of lipase, or the methacrylic acid copolymer Eudragit L30 D55, showed evidence of subclinical damage to the colon. The reproducibility of the sonographic measurements was poor. 相似文献
40.
van der Put NM; van der Molen EF; Kluijtmans LA; Heil SG; Trijbels JM; Eskes TK; Van Oppenraaij-Emmerzaal D; Banerjee R; Blom HJ 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1997,90(8):511-517
Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels are observed in two apparently unrelated
diseases: neural-tube defects (NTD) and premature vascular disease.
Defective human methionine synthase (MS) could result in elevated Hcy
levels. We sequenced the coding region of MS in 8 hyperhomocysteinaemic
patients (4 NTD patients and 4 patients with pregnancies complicated by
spiral arterial disease, SAD). We identified only one mutation resulting in
an amino acid substitution: an A-->G transition at bp 2756, converting
an aspartic acid (D919) into a glycine (G). We screened genomic DNA for the
presence of this mutation in 56 NTD patients, 69 mothers of children with
NTD, 108 SAD patients and 364 controls. There was no increased prevalence
of the GG and AG genotypes in NTD patients, their mothers or SAD patients.
The D919G mutation does not seem to be a risk factor for NTD or vascular
disease. We then examined the mean Hcy levels for each MS genotype. There
was no correlation between GG- or AG-genotype and Hcy levels. The D919G
mutation is thus a fairly prevalent, and probably benign polymorphism. This
study, though limited, provides no evidence for a major involvement of MS
in the aetiology of homocysteine-related diseases such as NTD or vascular
disease.
相似文献