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81.
M R Duncan T J Wilson J Van De Water B Berman R Boyd G Wick M E Gershwin 《Journal of autoimmunity》1992,5(5):603-615
University of California, Davis, line 200 and 206 chickens spontaneously develop an autoimmune syndrome that has many features analogous to human scleroderma, including dermal fibrosis, antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to type II collagen. These birds also have thymic subcapsular epithelial defects and an abnormality in T cell calcium influx and proliferation in response to both T cell receptor-dependent and -independent activators. To determine whether fibroblast activation is a contributing factor to development of skin fibrosis in line 200/206 chickens, as it is in human scleroderma, we studied the collagen, non-collagenous protein and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production of 34 separate fibroblast lines derived from the normal and fibrotic skin of line 200 and 206 chickens and from the skin of control chicken lines 058 and 254. The mean +/- SEM 24-h incorporation of 3H-proline or 3H-glucosamine into extracellular collagen, non-collagenous protein or GAG by first passage fibroblast lines derived from the fibrotic skin of diseased birds was 1,526 +/- 136, 859 +/- 82 and 25.7 +/- 1.3 dpm/10(3) cells, respectively, while fibroblast lines derived from the skin of control birds produced only 341 +/- 36, 343 +/- 42 and 15.2 +/- 1.4 dpm/10(3) cells. Similar differences in results were recorded for cell-associated production, and when collagen and non-collagenous protein production were assessed using non-radioactive electrophoretic methods. The activated phenotype of the fibroblast lines derived from the fibrotic skin of diseased birds persisted through 10 cell doublings in tissue culture. However, the ratio of type I:III collagen and the profile of GAG types produced were similar in all fibroblast lines studied. These results suggest that fibroblast activation is responsible for the skin fibrosis observed in this avian model of scleroderma. 相似文献
82.
目的:本研究旨在探讨多巴酚丁胺对缺血性心肌病(ICM)患者左心室(LV)充盈功能的影响,并确定峰值负荷时限制性充盈型(RFP)是否具有预后预测价值。背景:ICM患者峰值负荷时RFP的预后价值尚属未知。方法:在静息和负荷情况下,采用多普勒超声心动检查研究了69例ICM患者;RFP定义为跨二尖瓣E/A比≥1.0、等容舒张时间(IVRT)〈80ms及E波减速时间(EDT)〈120ms。结果:69例患者中有42例静息时出现RFP,其中有24例患者负荷情况下转变为非RFP(EA),18例患者RFP持续存在(EE);69例患者中27例静息和峰值负荷时均无RFP(AA)。 相似文献
83.
84.
85.
Most patients who survive a stroke experience some degree of physical recovery. Selecting the appropriate outcome measure
to assess physical recovery is a difficult task, given the heterogeneity of stroke etiology, symptoms, severity, and even
recovery itself. Despite these complexities, a number of strategies can facilitate the selection of functional outcome measures
in stroke clinical trial research and practice. Clinical relevance in stroke outcome measures can be optimized by incorporating
a framework of health and disability, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).
The ICF provides the conceptual basis for measurement and policy formulations for disability and health assessment. All outcome
measures selected should also have sound psychometric properties. The essential psychometric properties are reliability, validity,
responsiveness, sensibility, and established minimal clinically important difference. It is also important to establish the
purpose of the measurement (discriminative, predictive, or evaluative) and to determine whether the purpose of the study is
to evaluate the efficacy or effectiveness of an intervention. In addition, when selecting outcome measures and time of assessment,
the natural history of stroke and stroke severity must be regarded. Finally, methods for acquiring data must also be considered.
We present a comprehensive overview of the issues in selecting stroke outcome measures and characterize existing measures
relative to these issues. 相似文献
86.
Peter M Miller Ruth Stockdell Lynne Nemeth Chris Feifer Ruth G Jenkins Paul J Nietert Andrea Wessell Heather Liszka Steven Ornstein 《Substance Abuse》2006,27(1-2):61-70
Many medical conditions are caused or exacerbated by heavy drinking, necessitating alcohol screening and discussion in primary care practices. This is particularly true of hypertension, the most common primary diagnosis in the United States, which has been linked to the regular consumption of 3 or more standard alcoholic beverages a day. The Accelerating Alcohol Screening-Translating Research into Practice (AA-TRIP) project was designed to improve detection and management of alcohol problems in primary care patients with hypertension. Medical providers are being trained using the Practice Partner Research Network's- Translating Research into Practice (PPRNet-TRIP) quality improvement model. This includes a multi-method intervention (electronic medical records, on-site academic detailing, practice feedback reports and annual network meetings) to help practices increase adherence to clinical guidelines. Qualitative analyses of initial steps taken by nine primary care practices toward the routine implementation of alcohol screening guidelines are presented. Organizational factors and provider and patient characteristics all influenced the method and consistency of alcohol screening and intervention. Perceived time constraints, patient sensitivity to questions about alcohol, and possible stigma associated with a diagnosis of alcoholism were also relevant barriers requiring problem solving. 相似文献
87.
Ping L. Zhang Sayeed K. Malek Jeffery W. Prichard Fan Lin Taher M. Yahya Michael S. Schwartzman Ruth P. Latsha Evan R. Norfolk Thomas M. Blasick Mingyue Lun Robert E. Brown James E. Hartle Santosh Potdar 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(3):604-607
Campath-1H has been used successfully for induction and has resulted in a low rate of acute cellular rejection (ACR) in renal transplantation in combination with various postoperative immunosuppression regimens. This study was undertaken to investigate the extent of monocyte involvement in ACR, with or without Campath-1H induction. We found that monocytes represented the majority of inflammatory cells in grades Ib or higher ACR, but not with Ia type of ACR, regardless of the status of Campath-1H induction. Cases of ACR, following Campath-1H induction, appear to demonstrate a 'pure form' of monocytic ACR, whereas monocytes were mixed with many other types of inflammatory cells in the cases of ACR in the absence of Campath-1H induction. In addition with Campath-1H induction, the cases of monocyte-predominant ACR were found to uniformly exhibit a good response to corticosteroid treatment. We conclude that monocyte-predominate ACR may represent a severe form of rejection, with or without Campath-1H treatment. 相似文献
88.
Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer M.D. Ruth Bernstein-Hyman Ph.D. Sandra Grochowski B.A. 《The Psychiatric quarterly》1994,65(4):299-322
Schizophrenic psychopathology is heterogeneous and multidimensional. Various strategies have been developed over the past
several years to assess and measure more accurately discrete domains of psychopathology. One of the more fruitful strategies
to investigate more homogenous domains of psychopathology has been the positive-negative syndrome approach. However, this
approach is unable to address a number of important issues. Most schizophrenics present a mixed syndrome; the criteria for
what constitutes a positive and negative syndrome are variable; distinguishing primary from secondary negative symptoms can
be difficult. In order to address some of these problems, we propose the introduction of a five syndrome model based on a
reanalysis of factor analytic procedures used on 240 schizophrenics assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
(PANSS). We present data on a 5-factor solution which appears to best fit the psychopathological data and which is supported
by three independent and comparable factor analyses; negative, positive, excitement, cognitive and depression/anxiety domains
of psychopathology give patients their individual mark. Data on internal consistency of the five factors and on initial validation
using demographic and clinical variables are presented. 相似文献
89.
Ast Gil; Goldblatt Drora; Waisman Ari; Sperling Ruth; Mozes Edna; Sperling Joseph 《International immunology》1994,6(8):1097-1105
90.