扩张型心肌病QT间期离散度测定及临床意义

目的探讨扩张型心肌病(DCM)、QT间期离散度(QTd)、校正QT间期(QTcd)水平及临床意义.方法测量60例DCM同步12导联心电图,分析QTd、QTcd变化,并与60例正常人对照.结果QTd、QTcd比较,DCM组高于对照组(P＜0.01);心源性猝死组高于存活组和进行性心力衰竭死亡组(P＜0.05);室性心动过速组显著高于室性早搏组(P＜0.05)和无室性心律失常组(P＜0.01),而室性早搏组又高于无室性心律失常组(P＜0.05);NYHAⅢ～Ⅳ级患者高于NYHAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者.QTd＞110ms组室速、心源性猝死和NYHAⅢ～Ⅳ级发生率显著高于QTd≤110ms组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而射血分数、短轴缩短率无差异;多元线性回归分析示QTd、QTcd与NYHA分级、室性心律失常、心源性猝死相关,与射血分数、短轴缩短率不相关.结论DCM患者存在QTd、QTcd变化,QTd、QTcd的增加可作为预测DCM恶性室性心律失常的敏感指标,也是发生心源性猝死的重要预测指标.QTd与NYHA分级相关而与射血分数、短轴缩短率无关.     

Castleman病的临床探讨

目的：旨在提高对Castleman病的诊断和治疗水平,方法：搜集了6个病例,进行分析。结果：本病女性多于男性,中年发病居多,纵膈和腹腔淋巴结是好发部位,临床上局灶型比多中心型多见,病理类型中血管滤泡型和浆细胞型之比为4：2,本病预后较好,结论：该病与人疱疹病毒8（HHV－8）有关,该病患者此病毒抗体阳性率可达90％以上,诊断依靠组织学确定,通过病理本病可和淋巴瘤区分之间的不同,治疗方面,手术切除是首选,应用干扰素类抗病毒药物,有助于控制本病的发展。     

脂多糖对血管平滑肌细胞表达MMP-2、9及TIMP-1、2的影响

目的 探讨脂多糖(1ipopolysaccharides，LPS)对培养的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cell，VSMC)表达基质金属蛋白酶2、9(matrix metalloproteinase-2，-9；MMP-2，MMP-9)及其组织抑制因子1、2(tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1，-2；TIMP-1，TIMP-2)的影响。方法 贴块法进行血管平滑肌细胞培养，细胞免疫化学检测基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂的蛋白表达，原位分子杂交分析MMP-9 mRNA表达。结果 LPS是MMP-9的强诱导物。可在蛋白及mRNA水平诱导MMP-9的表达，同时LPS可诱导TIMP-1的表达，作用较对MMP-9减弱。LPS对二者诱导作用强度与LPS的浓度及作用时间呈正相关。LPS降低TIMP-2的表达，其表达与LPS的浓度及作用时间呈负相关。LPS对MMP-2的表达没有明显作用。结论 LPS诱导平滑肌细胞MMP-9、TIMP-1表达的同时可降低TIMP-2的表达，其作用呈浓度时间依赖性，在动脉粥样硬化发病过程中可能起一定作用。     

CTLA-4 +49A>G polymorphism is associated with the risk but not with the progression of colorectal cancer in Chinese

Purpose  

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and a multipathway disease. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a potent immunoregulatory molecule that suppresses antitumor response by down-regulating T-cell activation. The most studied +49A>G polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene has been associated with several autoimmune or cancer diseases. Our aim was to investigate the association between this genetic variant and the risk as well as progression of colorectal cancer in Chinese.     

肝局灶性结节增生患者的典型与不典型螺旋CT征象分析

背景与目的：肝局灶性结节增生（focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH）是一种少见的肝脏肿瘤样病变。本研究旨在探讨该病典型与不典型的螺旋CT征象．从而提高对该病的影像学诊断水平。方法：对中山大学肿瘤防治中心病理证实或临床确诊的32例FNH患者的37个病灶的螺旋CT征象,包括病灶数目、大小、边缘情况、密度、强化形式、中央瘢痕、假包膜等进行比较分析。结果：在37个病灶中,有14个病灶最大径≤3cm,有23个病灶最大径〉3cm;有20个病灶位于肝包膜下;有7个病灶周边存在假包膜,这7个病灶最大径〉3cm;有22个病灶存在中央瘢痕,其中有20个病灶最大径〉3cm。所有病灶在动脉期均呈高密度．其中31个病灶肿瘤实质均匀强化,17个病灶周边可见异常增粗的血管影。结论：FNH典型的cT征象是动脉期明显均匀强化、存在中央瘢痕并延迟强化：FNH不典型的CT征象是动脉期不均匀强化、无中央瘢痕、存在假包膜。征象的多样性与病灶的病理类型和病灶的最大径相关。     

Glomus tympanicum chemodectomas: radiographic and clinical characteristics

Glomus tympanicum chemodectomas are benign neoplasms that develop from normal glomus bodies located along the Jacobson (tympanic) nerve in the middle ear. The medical charts and radiographic studies of 55 patients with these tumors were reviewed. Women outnumbered men in a ratio of 3.5:1, and the patients' average age when they initially reported symptoms was 52 years. Tinnitus, ear pulsations, and diminished hearing were the most frequent symptoms. No patient had a second chemodectoma, and none of seven patients who were tested had elevated neuroendocrine compounds. Review of the radiographic examinations showed that direct coronal, thin-section computed tomography (CT) was the most sensitive means of demonstrating glomus tympanicum chemodectomas. Magnification angiography was also a sensitive diagnostic study, typically depicting a trapezoidal, hypervascular, middle-ear mass that appeared initially in the middle-to-late arterial phase and quickly disappeared in the venous phase. Differentiation from an aberrant internal carotid artery is critical to prevent arterial biopsy.     

鼠伤寒沙门氏菌外膜蛋白和微孔蛋白诱导细胞免疫及免疫保护的比较

对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌外膜蛋白（ＯＭＰｓ）和微孔蛋白（ｐｏｒｉｎ）诱导ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠产生细胞免疫（ＣＭＩ），即迟发型变态反应（ＤＴＨ）和白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）的能力进行了检测，并观察了用５００ＬＤ５０的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和伤寒沙门氏菌以腹腔途径攻击经ＯＭＰｓ，ｐｏｒｉｎ免疫的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠所产生的主动免疫、交叉免疫和Ｔ细胞转移免疫保护的能力。发现：ＣＭＩ的能力，ＯＭＰｓ（ＤＴＨ（０．７６±０．０３）ｍｍ；ＩＬ－２（５４４００±１０２００）ｕ／Ｌ优于ｐｏｒｉｎ（ＤＴＨ（０．３６±０．０２）ｍｍ；ＩＬ－２（２６２００±４９００）ｕ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１；而主动免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：１００％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：７０％）、交叉免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：３３．３％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：２２．２％）和Ｔ细胞转移免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：８７．５％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：４２．９％）均没有显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：虽然鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ＯＭＰｓ和ｐｏｒｉｎ均能诱导较强的ＣＭＩ和免疫保护，但两者能力不同。     

Altered response to thyroid hormones by prostate and breast cancer cells

Transferrin, an abundant bone marrow constituent, has been shown to be a potent mitogen in vitro in the prostate cancer cell line PC3. T4 (L-thyroxine) and T3 (3′,3,5-tri-iodo-L-thyronine) are regulators of cell metabolism. In this study, the effects of nonphysiological concentrations (about two orders of magnitude higher) of T4, T3, T2 (3,5-di-iodo-L-thyronine), RT3 (reverse T3, 3′,5′,3-tri-iodo-L-thyronine) and transferrin (about three orders of magnitude lower) were tested on the prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNCaP, and the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. In PC3 cells, increased proliferation by transferrin could be reversed by the addition of T3 or T4. T4 decreased proliferation in all cell lines tested, while transferrin increased proliferation in PC3 cells only. T3 decreased proliferation in PC3, LNCaP and MCF-7 cells but had no effect on DU145 cells. T4 and T3 gave two-state behavior in LNCaP cells. These results were combined to determine the essential iodines which produced the observed proliferative effects. Cell lines responded differently to T4, T3, T2, RT3 and transferrin suggesting a specific interaction among the compounds tested and the different cell lines. Finally, regulation of gene expression was demonstrated using DU145 cells. Upregulation of c-fos mRNA was observed in cultures at early time-points in the presence of T4, transferrin or both. Decreased expression was observed at later time-points with no expression at 4 h. An explanation for these results may be a change in thyroid hormone receptor/ligand affinity. Thus, the interactions between thyroid hormones and cancer cells may be different from those between thyroid hormones and normal cells. Received: 28 January 1999 / Accepted: 26 August 1999     

脑室注射生长抑素对大鼠痛阈和脑内单胺类递质的影响

报告脑室注射（icv)生长抑素（SST）对大鼠痛阈和脑内单胺类递质的影响。采用Wistar大鼠作实验和病理观察。结果：Icu SST5μg或IOμg可使大鼠痛阈升高，高效液相谱－电化学检测显示海马，下丘脑和脑干内5－HT和5－HIAA（5μg组脑干的隐外）含量显著增多；而三脑区内NE含量的变化却不一致。icv SST 20μg时，高效液相色谱－紫外检测显示海马，下丘脑的次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤明显下降，但是脑组织出现水肿。icv SST 40μ g时，可见脑神经细胞核固缩等坏死性病理变化。提示有较严重毒性反应，临床用量不宜过大。