p27kip1的研究现状及展望

细胞的增殖在许多生理及病理生理学过程中起着极为重要的作用,并受许多细胞内及细胞外因素的调控,细胞的适度增殖取决于细胞内外的正增殖信号与负增殖信号在一定水平上的动态平衡.细胞周期是细胞增殖、分化的最后共同通路,在此对细胞的增殖与分化进行干预、调控的作用可能大于对其上游诸因素的干预.     

基因CT120在胶质瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究基因CT120在胶质瘤组织中的表达及其与胶质瘤组织病理学的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测50例胶质瘤手术切除标本、3例正常脑组织中CT120蛋白的表达：应用半定量RT—PCR检测20例胶质瘤、3例正常脑组织中CT120mRNA的表达。结果：免疫组织化学检测发现正常脑组织中CT120蛋白无表达．50例胶质瘤组织中CT120蛋白表达阳性率为50．9％，不同级别胶质瘤中的表达无显著差异（χ^2=2．99，P〉0．05）；半定量RT—PCR检测正常脑组织中CT120 mRNA呈弱表达，不同病理级别胶质瘤CT120 mRNA表达无显著差异（χ^2=3．25．P〉0．05）。结论：基因120在胶质瘤有表达，但在胶质瘤发生发展中作用不明显。     

Transporter reversal as a mechanism of glutamate release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex: studies with DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate

Elevated levels of the excitotoxic amino acids, glutamate and aspartate, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuronal injury and death induced by cerebral ischemia. This study evaluated the contribution of reversed high-affinity, Na(+)-dependent, glutamate transport to the ischemia-evoked release of glutamate and aspartate using DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate (DL-TBOA), a newly developed competitive, non-transported blocker of the EAAT 1-3 transporters. Changes in the extracellular levels of these and other amino acids, and of glucose and lactate in cerebral cortical superfusates during four-vessel occlusion-elicited global cerebral ischemia were examined using a cortical window technique. Basal and ischemia-evoked amino acid, glucose and lactate efflux were compared in control versus DL-TBOA (100 microM; applied topically for 35 min prior to ischemia) animals. Twenty minutes of ischemia caused large increases in aspartate, glutamate, GABA and taurine effluxes into cortical superfusates, with non-significant effects on the efflux of glycine, glutamine, alanine and serine. Application of DL-TBOA caused a 2-fold increase in basal, preischemic, extracellular glutamate levels, but did not affect those of the other compounds. In the presence of DL-TBOA, ischemia-evoked release of aspartate, glutamate, taurine and glutamine was significantly reduced; that of the other amino acids was not affected. The ischemia-evoked declines in glucose were significantly attenuated, and lactate release was enhanced above that in control animals. The amino acid data are interpreted as indicating that aspartate and glutamate releases were reduced as a consequence of DL-TBOA inhibition of reversed transport by high-affinity, Na-dependent carriers, predominantly involving the glial EAAT 2 transporter. The reduction in ischemia-evoked taurine release is interpreted as being due to a decrease in cell swelling prior to and during the initial phase of ischemia due to reduced entry of the Na(+), and other ions, associated with a decreased glutamate uptake. Glucose-sparing and availability for lactate formation would also result from a reduced glutamate/Na(+) uptake. These results indicate that reversed transport, primarily from glial cells by the EAAT 2 carrier, is responsible for a substantial (42 and 56%) portion of the ischemia-evoked increase in extracellular glutamate and aspartate levels, respectively. As a potent, competitive, non-transported blocker of high-affinity, Na(+)-dependent, glutamate transporters, DL-TBOA promises to be a valuable new compound for the study of glutamatergic mechanisms.     

Wegener肉芽肿在耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科的表现（附6例报告）

目的 :探讨Wegener肉芽肿在耳鼻咽喉 头颈外科的表现。方法 :对 6例Wegener肉芽肿患者采用环磷酰胺、泼尼松及复方新诺明联合治疗 ,并联合雷公 82糖浆等辅助治疗。 结果 :5例症状缓解 ,1例死亡。结论 :Wegener肉芽肿在耳鼻咽喉表现各异 ,临床症状复杂 ,确诊后给予环磷酰胺、泼尼松及复方新诺明联合治疗有效。     

加入WTO后我国健康相关产品管理的挑战与机遇

2001年我国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)，作为WTO成员国按照国际贸易规则建立一个完整的、更具活力和长久性的多边产品贸易体制，促进和规范产品贸易良好发展是我们面临的任务之一。WTO成员国通过降低关税和其他贸易壁垒，在国际贸易中消除歧视性待遇，达到互惠互利的目的。WTO诸     

儿童散光度散光轴向的分析

目的:探讨3～10岁儿童散光度散光轴向分布情况。方法:10g/L阿托品常规散瞳验光检查2299眼。结果:3～10岁儿童散光度分布在0.25～2.00D,合例散光占96.35%,反例散光占0.52%,斜轴散光占3.13%。结论:3～10岁儿童散光以合例散光为主,斜轴散光次之,极少部分为反例散光。     

WHO 网站与药物流行病学

目的：介绍世界卫生组织网站中的药物流行病学信息。方法：介绍世界卫生组织网站结构和药物流行病学信息所处栏目。结果：药物流行病学信息主要分布于健康主题和WHO子网站中。结论：世界卫生组织网站中有丰富的药物流行病学信息。     

盐酸戊乙奎醚作为全麻术前用药的安全性研究

目的对比研究盐酸戊乙奎醚与阿托品作为全麻术前用药的安全性。方法40例拟在全麻下行择期手术的患者,美国麻醉医师(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机均分为4组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别肌内注射盐酸戊乙奎醚0．005、0．010和0．014 mg／kg,Ⅳ组肌内注射阿托品0．01 mg／kg。分别记录患者进入手术室后的基础口干程度视觉模拟评分和基础唾液分泌量,以及在注射药物30 min后的相应变化。记录各组患者注射药物后30、45、60和120 min的心率、平均动脉压、脉搏血氧饱和度和心电图的变化。结果肌内注射0.005和0．010 mg／kg盐酸戊乙奎醚后30 min唾液的分泌量无明显变化(P值均>0．05),而肌内注射0．014 mg／kg盐酸戊乙奎醚能明显抑制唾液分泌(P<0．01),平均抑制程度为56％。Ⅳ组注射阿托品后30 min的心率明显增快(P<0．05),Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的心率无明显变化(P值均>0．05)。结论盐酸戊乙奎醚可以替代阿托品作为全麻术前用药,且特别适用于需要避免心动过速的患者。     

降低体重指数对原发性高血压病降压效果的影响及其临床意义

目的探讨降低体重指数(BodyMassIndex,BMI)对原发性高血压病降压效果的影响及其临床意义。方法选择40例超重或肥胖的(BMI≥24)原发性高血压病患者,分为治疗组与对照组,降低治疗组患者的体重指数,同时观察两组治疗前后血压的变化。结果发现治疗组患者降低体重指数后血压有明显下降,与对照组相比有显著的临床意义(P<0.05)。结论降低超重或肥胖的高血压病患者的体重指数可起到一定的降压效果,应注意降低患者的体重指数。     

Vitapex糊剂在儿童年轻恒牙根尖诱导成形术中的应用

目的探讨Vitapex糊剂和氢氧化钙糊剂用于儿童年轻恒牙根尖诱导成形术的治疗效果。方法对85例儿童,98颗牙根尖发育未完成,牙髓病变已波及根髓、牙髓已坏死或并发根尖周炎的年轻恒牙分为2组,分别用Vitapex糊剂和氢氧化钙糊剂进行根尖诱导成形术,观察其根尖发育情况。结果Vitapex糊剂组总有效率为91.84%。氢氧化钙组总有效率为77.55%。2者疗效在统计学比较存在显著性。结论Vitapex糊剂作为一种根尖诱导成形剂具有良好的治疗效果。值得在临床推广应用。