碘盐预防碘缺乏病效果的系统评价

目的 系统评价碘盐预防碘缺乏病的效果.方法 计算机检索Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial(Cochrane图书馆2009年第4期)、MEDLINE(1966～2009.12)、Ovid Medline(1966～2009.12)、Embase数据库(1986～2009.12)、CBM光盘版(1978～2009.12)、CNKI(1980～2009.12)以及VIP(1989～2009.12),并且追查纳入文献的参考文献.按纳入和排除标准由2名评价者独立选择试验、提取资料,交叉核对并进行方法学质量评估,对同质研究采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入5篇随机对照研究,842例研究对象,儿童组碘盐和空白食盐的甲肿率结果比较无统计学意义[OR=1.19,95%CI(0.74,1.92)],成人组碘盐和其他形式的补碘措施比较,碘盐组甲肿率、甲状腺体积均低于其他形式的补碘组.结论 碘盐能显著改善成人的碘营养状况,副作用还需大量高质量的随机对照试验来验证.     

电针治疗急腹痛100例临床观察

目的 观察电针足三里、天枢穴为主治疗急腹痛的疗效.方法 对100例急性腹痛患者采用电针足三里、天枢穴治疗,观察其临床效果.结果 治愈82例,治愈率82%;好转18例,好转率18%;总有效率100%.结论 电针足三里、天枢穴为主治疗急性腹痛,止痛迅速,简便易行,无副作用.     

上睑下垂的术前评估及改良提上睑肌缩短术矫治的疗效评价

目的评价改良提上睑肌缩短术矫治上睑下垂的效果。方法采用改良提上睑肌缩短术[此改良术式与常规术式不同之处在于增加分离提上睑肌腱膜的长度(22mm)和宽度(16mm),腱膜在睑板上固4对缝线,以增加其牢固度],共治疗上睑下垂57例68眼,其中轻度13例13眼,中度38例47眼,重度6例8眼。结果术后4～36个月随访,治愈48例59眼,欠矫9例9眼,无过矫病例。结论该提上睑肌缩短术与常规手术比较有改进,术后的睑缘高度易保持在上方角膜缘,弧度与健侧对称,不易形成眼角畸形,能较好提高矫治效果。     

阿米替林合并认知疗法治疗精神分裂症后抑郁的对照研究

目的　评价阿米替林合并认知疗法对精神分裂症后抑郁的治疗效果。方法　将符合CCMD 3诊断标准的 86例精神分裂症后抑郁患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组给予阿米替林合并认知治疗 ,对照组织给予阿米替林治疗 ,疗程 12周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、简明精神病量表(BPRS)、阴性症状量表 (SANS)评定临床疗效 ,采用副反应量表 (TESS)评定副反应。结果　在治疗的 4、8、12周末 ,HAMD评分治疗组优于对照组 ,显效率分别为 83 95 %和 6 1 90 % (u =5 .83,P <0 0 5 )。结论　阿米替林与认知治疗组结合治疗精神分裂症后抑郁疗效好于单用阿米替林治疗。     

In vitro reversal MDR of human carcinoma cell line by an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-doxorubicin conjugate.

A conjugate of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) covalently linked with deoxorubicin (DOX) was synthesized. Its properties and antitumour activity in human carcinoma DOX resistant cells (KB-A-1) were investigated in vitro. The results showed that the conjugate was strongly stable both in Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) and in culture medium. The intracellular concentration of the conjugate was higher than that of the AS DON by HPLC analysis. The conjugate showed potent dose-dependent inhibition to the growth of KB-A-1 cells. Chemosensitivity of KB-A-1 cells to DOX was also investigated in vitro. When the cells were first exposed to the conjugate (0.5 microM) and then exposed to DOX for 24 h, the IC50 value of DOX decreased from 21.5 to 2.2 microM. In contrast, when treated with the mixture of the same concentration of the AS ODN with equivalent DOX, the IC50 value of DOX was 16.8 microM. Intracellular DOX concentration was detected in KB-A-1 treatment with the conjugate in vitro by HPLC. The results showed that the intracellular DOX concentration was 6.4-fold increased in KB-A-1 cells treated with the conjugate compared to treatment with DOX alone. In contrast, 1.8-fold increasing was observed when treated with the AS ODN. Western blot analysis showed a significantly decrease in the amount of P-glycoprotein in KB-A-1 cells. These results suggest that the conjugate is effective in reversing multidrug resistance. Certainly, further studies are conducting to explore the antitumour effect of the conjugate in vivo.     

头颈部肿瘤CT灌注成像表现与微血管生成因子表达水平的相关性研究

目的研究头颈部肿瘤CT灌注与肿瘤血管生成因子（VEGF）的相关性。方法对85例共88个（恶性77个，良性11个）头颈部肿瘤术前行CT灌注检查。采用螺旋CT机自带软件绘制感兴趣区（ROI）的时间-密度曲线（TDC）并计算ROI强化峰值（PH）、达峰时间（PT）、平均通过时间（MTT），病灶相对强化峰值（RPH）和灌注量（PF）。其中35例切取与CT灌注靶层面相同的组织切片，行CD34、VEGF抗体免疫组织化学染色，分析肿瘤CT灌注成像表现与微血管密度（MVD）和VEGF表达的相关性。结果（1）头颈部肿瘤CT灌注成像TDC主要有3种类型，77个恶性肿瘤中53个（68．9％）表现为速升速降型；9个淋巴瘤中6个TDC表现为低平型曲线，与68个其他肿瘤中仅有9个为低平型曲线相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）甲状腺癌呈高灌注，其PF（中位数为82．2ml·min^-1·100g^-1）与淋巴瘤PF（中位数为24．5ml·min^-1·100g^-1）、头颈鳞癌PF（中位数为23．8ml·min^-1·100g^-1）相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（3）11个良性肿瘤的MVD均数为（44．7±3．4）条／高倍视野，24个恶性肿瘤的MVD为（49．6±14．8）条／高倍视野，良恶性肿瘤间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；VEGF在恶性肿瘤呈强阳性者15个，弱阳性9个；在良性肿瘤呈强阳性1个，弱阳性10个，VEGF的表达强阳性率在良、恶性肿瘤差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。（4）MVD（中位数40．0）与PH（中位数26．9）、RPH（中位数14．5）和PF（中位数46．8）有明显相关性（r值分别为0．35、45．49和0．41），VEGF（中位数4．0）表达与MTT（中位数16．7）呈负相关（r=-0．41）。结论CT灌注成像TDC形态对头颈部肿瘤诊断及鉴别诊断有一定的帮助。MVD、VEGF与CT灌注相关，CT灌注成像可以反映肿瘤微循环情况。     

改良开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症

目的探讨巨大良性前列腺增生症的开放性手术治疗方法及效果。方法回顾分析16例巨大良性前列腺增生症,年龄61~88岁,平均74岁。作耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术。结果手术均成功;手术时间35~65min,出血量100~200mL,术后前列腺重量为200~520g,平均215g;膀胱冲洗2~3d,拔导尿管5~7d;术后3d再出血1例,经DSA同侧髂内血管栓塞止血成功,排尿困难1例,短期尿失禁1例,其余患者术后均排尿通畅,控尿良好。结论开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症,其梗阻解除彻底,是一种合理的治疗方法。恰当的手术方法是提高疗效及降低并发症的关键。     

冠状动脉造影病人的心理问题及护理

目前，冠状动脉造影已成为诊断冠心病，明确冠状动脉狭窄部位、程度的重要方法，对冠心病的诊断可达定量水平，为估计病人预后、决定药物使用及介入性治疗提供了更为确切的指标。由于介入性诊治属有创性，存在一定的风险，且术后需卧床制动，因此，绝大多数病人对该术存在担心恐惧等心理，加之术中、术后所承受的不适感觉，在很大程度上影响着该术的成功及病情变化，为减轻病人恐惧与担心，增加手术的成功率，认真做好病人的心理护理就显得尤为重要。自2000年6月我科开展冠状动脉介入性诊治护理以来，对病人心理特征不断进行观察分析，现将其总结如下。     

自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉血管平滑肌中抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc mRNA表达的研究

目的探讨自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉中抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc mRNA的表达.方法用逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测两种基因的表达水平.正常雄性大鼠作为对照组.结果 SHR颈动脉中,抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc均有高表达,较WKY差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉组织中抑癌基因P53和原癌基因c-jun、c-fos、c-myc均有高表达,癌基因的活化可能与自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉血管重构有关.     

In Vivo Studies of Pulsatile Implantable Impeller Assist and Total Hearts

Abstract: A pulsatile impeller assist heart and a total heart were tested as a chronic left ventricular assist device in 5 calves and an acute biventricular assist device in 4 pigs respectively, to evaluate their blood compatibility. During the left ventricular assist experiments, the indicators for hemolysis, thrombogenesis, renal dysfunction, and hepatic dysfunction were measured preoperatively, at the beginning of the pumping, 6 h postoperatively, and every following day. The results demonstrated that the impeller assist heart causes no severe blood damage nor organ dysfunction in the experiments lasting up to 11 days. In biventricular assist experiments, the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and the he-matocrit, hemoglobin, free hemoglobin, and lactate dehy-drogenase levels were tested preoperatively at the beginning of the pumping and every 2 h postoperatively. The data remained in acceptable ranges during experiments lasting 6 h. It is confirmed that the authors' impeller assist heart and total heart have the advantages of simplicity, implantability, and pulsatility with good blood compatibility.