医务人员高暴露人群严重急性呼吸综合征隐性感染与工作强度和工种的相关性研究

目的　了解密切接触严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)患者的医护人员隐性感染的发生情况 ,及其与工作强度和工种之间的关系。方法　对北京中日友好医院密切接触SARS患者的 112 7名医务人员和 92名对照者的血清进行冠状病毒抗体 (IgG、IgM)酶联免疫吸附测定法 (ELISA)检测。并调查抗体阳性者周围密切接触者 313名的临床表现。结果　 112 7名SARS病区工作的医务人员 :男2 87名 ,女 84 0名 ;年龄 2 1～ 5 5岁 ,平均年龄 (34± 9)岁。对照组和医务人员上岗前所测冠状病毒抗体均为阴性 ,上岗后冠状病毒抗体阳性者共 2 9名 ,阳性率 2 5 7% (2 9/ 112 7)。特异性抗体的阳性率与工种和病区的关系结果提示 :抗体阳性的护士 2 1名 ,抗体阳性率占护士上岗人数的 3 4 6 % (2 1/ 6 0 7) ;医师、医技人员 6名 ,阳性率占其上岗人数的 1 4 1% (6 / 4 2 6 ) ;督导 2名 ,阳性率占其上岗人数的 2 86 %(2 / 70 )。ICU病区的 130名工作人员中抗体阳性者 10名 ,阳性率为 7 6 9% (10 / 130 ) ,占 2 9名抗体阳性者的 34 5 % (10 / 2 9) ;其他病区人员 19名 ,占 6 5 5 % (19/ 2 9)。 2 9名抗体阳性医务人员的周围密切接触者 313名 ,无一名发病或有临床症状。结论　密切接触SARS患者的医护人员有隐性感染的发生 ,隐性感染者从流行病学     

刚地弓形虫RH株GRA6分子基因克隆与序列分析

目的　克隆刚地弓形虫 RH株致密颗粒抗原 (Dense granule antigen,GRA6 )分子基因 ,为研究使用重组的GRA6分子作为抗原进行弓形虫病诊断奠定基础。　方法　根据己知的 GRA6序列合成一对引物 ,抽提弓形虫速殖子m RNA,以速殖子 m RNA为模板 ,通过反转录 PCR(RT- PCR)扩增出 GRA6的 c DNA条带。目的基因 DNA条带被克隆到质粒 p UC19中形成重组质粒。对重组质粒 DNA进行纯化 ,并对目的基因片段进行核苷酸序列分析。　结果　通过RT- PCR从 m RNA中扩增出一条分子量约 70 0 bp的 DNA条带。核苷酸序列分析表明 ,GRA6分子基因的开放的阅读框全长为 6 93bp,编码 2 30个氨基酸分子 ,与已报道的 RH株 GRA6分子具有 10 0 %的同源性。　结论　本研究获得了刚地弓形虫 RH株的 GRA6分子基因 ,为今后应用此分子作为抗原诊断弓形虫病奠定了基础     

经皮二氧化碳分压及氧分压监测在新生儿重症监护病房的应用价值探讨

目的探讨经皮二氧化碳分压及氧分压检测在新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)的应用价值。方法将2012年12月至2013年4月入住我科的新生儿作为研究对象,按照入院病情纳入呼吸障碍组、循环障碍组、呼吸循环功能正常组和极低出生体重儿组。监测各组动脉血气、经皮二氧化碳分压(Tc PCO2)、经皮氧分压(Tc PO2)及经皮血氧饱和度(Tc Sa O2);比较Tc PCO2及Tc PO2检测结果与动脉血气分析结果之间的相关程度。结果呼吸障碍组115例,循环障碍组15例,呼吸循环功能正常组55例。呼吸障碍组、循环障碍组和极低出生体重儿Tc PCO2与Pa CO2具有较好的相关性和一致性,相关系数及其95%可信区间分别为r=0.766,95%CI 0.678~0.832;r=0.921,95%CI 0.774~0.974;r=0.874,95%CI 0.750~0.939,P均<0.05。Tc PO2与Pa O2在极低出生体重儿相关性好(r=0.827,P<0.05),在呼吸障碍组(r=0.602,P<0.05)及呼吸循环功能正常组(r=0.599,P<0.05)相关性较弱,在循环障碍组无相关性(P>0.05)。Tc Sa O2与Pa O2有较好的相关性(r=0.677,P<0.05),但不能体现高氧分压。结论 Tc PCO2测定在呼吸障碍、循环障碍患儿和极低出生体重儿具有连续、无创的优点,可以预测Pa CO2;综合Tc PO2和Tc Sa O2可以较真实地反映患儿的氧合情况。     

Gastrointestinal hormone abnormalities and G and D cells in functional dyspepsia patients with gastric dysmotility

AIM: To investigate the relationship between gastric dysmotility, gastrointestinal hormone abnormalities, and neuroendocrine cells in gastrointestinal mucosa in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). METHODS: Gastric emptying was assessed with solid radiopaque markers in 54 FD patients, and the patients were divided into two groups according to the results, one with delayed gastric emptying and the other with normal gastric emptying. Seventeen healthy volunteers acted as normal controls. Fasting and postprandial plasma levels and gastroduodenal mucosal levels of gastrointestinal hormones gastrin, somatostatin (SS) and neurotensin (NT) were measured by radioimmunoassay in all the subjects. G cells (gastrin-producing cells) and D cells (SS-producing cells) in gastric antral mucosa were immunostained with rabbit anti-gastrin polyclonal antibody and rabbit anti-SS polyclonal antibody, respectively, and analyzed quantitatively by computerized image analysis. RESULTS: The postprandial plasma gastrin levels, the fasting and postprandial plasma levels and the gastric and duodenal mucosal levels of NT were significantly higher in the FD patients with delayed gastric emptying than in those with normal gastric emptying and normal controls. The number and gray value of G and D cells and the G cell/D cell number ratio did not differ significantly between normal controls and the FD patients with or without delayed gastric emptying. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the abnormalities of gastrin and NT may play a role in the pathophysiology of gastric dysmotility in FD patients, and the abnormality of postprandial plasma gastrin levels in FD patients with delayed gastric emptying is not related to the changes both in the number and gray value of G cells and in the G cell/D cell number ratio in gastric antral mucosa.     

Hemangiopoietin, a novel human growth factor for the primitive cells of both hematopoietic and endothelial cell lineages

The cells of hematopoietic and vascular endothelial cell lineages are believed to share a common precursor, termed hemangioblast. However, the existence of a growth factor acting relatively specifically on hemangioblasts remains unclear. Here we report the identification of hemangiopoietin (HAPO), a novel growth factor acting on both hematopoietic and endothelial cell lineages. In vitro in the human system, recombinant human HAPO (rhHAPO) significantly stimulated the proliferation and hematopoietic and/or endothelial differentiation of human bone marrow mononuclear cells and of purified CD34+, CD133+, kinase domain receptor-positive (KDR+), or CD34+/KDR+ cell populations. In the murine system, rhHAPO stimulated the proliferation of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) as well as CD34+ and stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1+) cell subsets. In vivo, subcutaneous injection of rhHAPO into normal mice resulted in a significant increase in bone marrow hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, irradiated mice injected with rhHAPO had an enhanced survival rate and accelerated hematopoiesis. Our data suggest that HAPO is a novel growth factor acting on the primitive cells of both hematopoietic and endothelial cell lineages and that HAPO may have a clinical potential in the treatment of various cytopenias and radiation injury and in the expansion of hematopoietic and endothelial stem/progenitor cells.     

Insight into the efficient catalytic conversion of biomass to EG and 1,2-PG over W–Ni bimetallic catalyst

In this work, a mesoporous silica microsphere (MSM) was selected as a support to prepare a bimetallic supported catalyst (15% W–5% Ni/MSM) by a co-impregnation method that was simple and easy to conduct. We wished to improve the capability of catalytic conversion of biomass into ethylene glycol (EG) and 1,2-propylene glycol (1,2-PG). 15% W–5% Ni/MSM was examined on microcrystalline cellulose (cellulose) and corn stalks in a one-pot catalytic process, and total yields of EG and 1,2-PG reached up to 82.40 wt% and 62.60 wt%, respectively. This remarkable catalytic performance of W–Ni/MSM catalyst could be attributed to the synergistic effect between the active sites of Ni and W and the unique structure of MSM, which was suitable for mass transfer and metal loading. Based on physicochemical characterizations, the metal component was well-distributed on the surface of the MSM, and the metallic Ni, W and WO₃ of the fresh catalyst were converted mainly into NiWO₄ during the catalytic conversion of cellulose. To shed light on the reaction mechanism of the catalyzed hydrogenation of biomass, a possible process involving the formation of H_xWO₃ homogeneous catalysts, cellulose hydrolysis, C–C cleavage and hydrogenation conversion to 1,2-PG and EG was illustrated. Furthermore, the reusability of W–Ni/MSM catalyst was tested and we explored the cause of decreased diols yields. In summary, this work provides important guidance to rationally design effective catalysts for biomass conversion.

Bimetallic supported catalyst (W-Ni/MSM) was proposed to improve capability of catalytic conversion and investigated reaction pathway of lignocellulose into ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol.     

Myc/his-TDP-43融合蛋白对tau外显子10可变剪接的影响

目的:构建带myc/his标签的pcDNA3.1/TDP-43及其截断体质粒,探讨myc/his-TDP-43融合蛋白对tau外显子10可变剪接的影响。方法:采用PCR法扩增TDP-43基因及其各截断体,将扩增产物和载体pcDNA3.1双酶切后回收,连接载体和目的片段,获得重组质粒。在HEK-293FT细胞中转染pcDNA3.1/TDP-43·myc·his及其截断体质粒,Western印迹法检测相关蛋白的表达。TDP-43或siTDP-43和tau迷你基因SI9/SI10共转,RT-PCR检测TDP-43对tau外显子10可变剪接的影响。结果:成功构建了pcDNA3.1/TDP-43·myc·his全长及各截断体质粒,并在HEK-293FT细胞中检测到其蛋白表达。Myc/his-TDP-43融合蛋白可呈剂量依赖性促进4R-tau的表达(P0.05或0.01)。结论:Myc/his-TDP-43融合蛋白可促进4R-tau的表达,携带myc/his标签不影响TDP-43对tau外显子10可变剪接的促进作用,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

子宫内膜异位症伴不孕患者经腹腔镜手术和开腹手术治疗的临床疗效比较

目的:比较腹腔镜手术与开腹手术在子宫内膜异位症伴不孕症治疗中的临床疗效。方法:选择2010年4月~2013年4月间该院收治的子宫内膜异位症伴不孕症患者50例,按照随机分组的方法将其平均分为对照组和实验组,每组25例。对照组患者行开腹手术,实验组患者行腹腔镜手术。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置导尿管时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间、术后并发症及术后随访妊娠率等。结果:1实验组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置导尿管时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间等指标方面均优于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2实验组术后并发症及感染情况均低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3实验组术后6个月和1年的再次妊娠率明显优于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜手术在治疗子宫内膜异位症伴不孕症方面较传统开腹手术时间短,可减少患者痛苦,疗效安全可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

莱菔硫烷对铝及D-半乳糖联合染毒小鼠阿尔茨海默病样损伤的干预作用研究

目的探讨莱菔硫烷(sulforaphane,SFN)对铝及D-半乳糖联合染毒小鼠阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)样损伤的干预作用,为防治AD提供理论依据。方法健康成年昆明种小鼠按体重随机分为3组,每组18只,雌雄各半。模型组和干预组小鼠饮用含铝水(浓度为0.4 g/100 ml),并隔日皮下注射200mg/kg D-半乳糖。干预组小鼠灌胃给予25 mg/kg SFN 1/d,模型组小鼠灌胃等量蒸馏水,同时设立溶媒对照组,连续处理90 d。采用Morris水迷宫测定小鼠的学习记忆能力,免疫组织化学染色法检测脑组织β-淀粉样肽(Aβ)沉积,分光光度法检测大脑皮质丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性,Real-time q RT-PCR法检测大脑皮层Cu-Zn SOD、GSH-Px m RNA的表达水平。结果与对照组比,模型组小鼠学习记忆能力下降,海马、大脑皮质Aβ斑块数量增多,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);与模型组比,干预组小鼠学习记忆能力增强,海马、大脑皮质Aβ斑块减少,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。模型组和干预组小鼠大脑皮质SOD活性及SOD m RNA水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(分别为P0.05,P0.01);干预组小鼠大脑皮质SOD活性及SOD m RNA水平与模型组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。各组小鼠大脑皮质MDA、GSH含量,活性及GSH-Px m RNA水平,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SFN可减少铝及D-半乳糖联合染毒小鼠脑内的Aβ斑块沉积,改善其学习记忆能力;SFN是否通过氧化应激影响AD有待深入研究。