乙肝病毒前C基因突变株感染者细胞免疫功能的观察

目的 检测乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）前Ｃ基因突变体感染者的细胞免疫水平,探讨细胞免疫与前Ｃ基因突变的关系。方法 用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）结合地高辛标记的寡核苷酸探针杂交技术从６０名慢性乙肝患者中筛选出ＨＢＶ前Ｃ基因突变株感染者,ＨＢＶ野毒株感染者及ＨＢＶ已清除者各５人,用血源性ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＣＤ＾４＋Ｔ辅助细胞识别的抗原表位ＨＢｃＡｇ５０－６９合成多肽进行特异性淋巴结转移转化实验,结果 ＨＢＶ前Ｃ基因突     

简易鼻塞式CPAP治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭50例

目的：探讨简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧对新生儿呼吸衰竭的治疗效果。方法：对５０例新生儿呼吸衰竭应用简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧,并与４０例对照组进行比较。结果：治疗组治愈率为５２％;死亡率为２１％;对照组治愈率为２０％,死亡率为６７５％。两组比较Ｐ＜００１有极显著差异。结论：简易鼻塞式持续呼吸道正压给氧是基层治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭的最有效的方法,值得推广。     

α1-抗糜蛋白酶基因、早老素1基因 与阿尔茨海默病的相关分析

目的探讨中国汉族人中α１抗糜蛋白酶（ＡＡＣＴ）基因、早老素１（ＰＳ１）基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病（Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒｓｄｉｓｅａｓｅ,ＡＤ）的相关情况。方法应用ＰＣＲＲＦＬＰ方法,在１２３例患者和１４０例正常人中观察ＡＡＣＴ信号肽和ＰＳ１基因多态性的分布,进行关联分析。结果１ＡＤ患者与ＰＳ１基因等位基因１正关联,与等位基因２和基因型２／２负关联,但与１／１基因型无关;２ＡＡＣＴ信号肽基因多态性与ＡＤ无关联;３在三种ＰＳ１基因型中,ＡＡＣＴ信号肽基因多态性与ＡＤ均无关;４在ＡＡＣＴ基因ＡＡ、ＴＴ基因型中,ＰＳ１基因多态性与ＡＤ负关联,而ＴＡ型中ＰＳ１基因与ＡＤ无显著相关。结论中国人群中,ＡＤ与ＰＳ１基因２／２型负关联,而与ＡＡＣＴ信号肽基因多态性无关;ＡＡＣＴ信号肽和ＰＳ１基因多态性之间也无明显的相互影响。     

结肠、直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗的临床病理观察

目的 探讨结直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗对临床病理特征的影响及其可行性。方法 对３０例结、直肠癌患者以Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ方法插管、行选择性区域动脉并行灌注化疗。结果 所有病例病理检查均发现沿血管周围的癌细胞发生核固缩、碎裂,胞浆凝固、坏死、细胞间质水肿、纤维增生、炎细胞浸因和出现内膜增生、血管炎及血栓形成。结论订前选择性区域动脉灌注化疗要明显发迹结直肠癌患者的组织学形态,并使患者临床症状改善,对结直     

1,3,5三甲氧基苯的合成

以苯胺为原料经溴代、脱氨和甲氧基化反应制备1,3,5—三甲氧基苯。经改进各步收率有较大的提高总收率为63.2%。     

酒精、乙醛对星形胶质细胞膜脂质流动性的影响

应用荧光偏振技术探讨酒精及其代谢产物乙醛对与神经细胞发育分化相关的星形胶质细胞膜脂质荧光偏振度（Ｐｒ）和流动度（ＬＦＵ）的影响。结果表明低剂量酒精、乙醛并不影响星形胶质细胞膜脂荧光偏振度和流动度,而在中剂量以上均可影响星形胶质细胞的Ｐｒ值,导致荧光偏振度降低,而细胞膜脂质流动度增高,均与酒精、乙醛剂量显著相关。同剂量酒精、乙醛对星形胶质细胞作用和流动度增加无显著性差异。但酒精、乙醛均可导致星形胶质细胞膜脂质流动性增加,致使细胞膜的结构改变。     

Decreased glutamate metabolism in cultured astrocytes in the presence of thiopental.

The effect of thiopental on glutamate metabolism was studied by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cerebral cortical astrocytes were incubated with 0.5 mM [U-13C]glutamate for 2 hr in the presence of 0.5 or 1 mM thiopental. Labeled glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, and glutathione were observed in cell extracts, and glutamine, aspartate, and lactate in the medium. Not only present in the medium was uniformly labeled glutamate, but also glutamate derived from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and thus glutamate release could be detected. The amounts of [U-13C]glutamate and unlabeled glucose taken up by astrocytes were unchanged in the presence of 0.5 mM thiopental and decreased to about 50% and 80%, respectively when the concentration was increased to 1 mM. The amounts of most metabolites synthesized from [U-13C]glutamate were unchanged in the presence of 0.5 mM thiopental, but decreased [U-13C]glutamine, [U-13C]aspartate, and [U-13C]lactate were observed in the 1 mM group. Surprisingly, the amounts of [1,2,3-13C]glutamate, [2,3-13C]aspartate, and [3,4-13C]aspartate (2nd turn via the TCA cycle) were unchanged. However, this was not the case for [1,2-13C]lactate and [2,3-13C]lactate. Such variations indicate cellular compartmentation, possibly caused by a heterogeneous glutamate concentration within the cells affecting TCA cycle turnover rates differently.     

Molecular basis of defective anion transport in L cells expressing recombinant forms of CFTR

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encodinga chloride channel called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR). A single mutation in this gene, deletion of three nucleotidesthat leads to the absence of phenylalanine 508 (i.e., F508),is found on 70% of all CF chromosomes. To explore the molecularmechanism(s) responsible for defective chloride transport inpatients with CF, we have studied the processing, localization,and function of wild type (W.T.), F508 and G551D CFTR (a GDmissense mutation at position 551) in retrovirus transducedL cells. Cell transduced with W.T. CFTR expressed a 170 kd CFTRprotein that was endoglycosidase H (Endo H) resistant, localizedto the plasma membrane, and generated a cAMP-mediated anionconductance (G_Cl) when stimulated with standard concentrationsof forskolin (5 µM), cpt cAMP (400 µM) and IBMX(100 µM). The G551D CFTR was indistinguishable from W.T.CFTR with respect to post-translational processing and localization,but it did not produce a cAMP-activated G_CI in response to thestandard stimulation cocktail. However, raising the IBMX concentrationto 4 mM produced Gc, in G551D expressing cells. Cells transducedwith F508 CFTR expressed an Endo H sensitive CFTR protein (140kd) that was found in a cytosolic, perinuclear location. Thesecells did not respond to the standard cocktail, but 20% of cellsincreased G_CI when the cocktail contained 4 mM IBMX. Incubationof cells at 26°C for 48 hours prior to analysis elicitedresponses in F508 expressing cells at low IBMX concentrations,but had no effect on the responses of cells expressing W.T.or G551D CFTR. The response of F508 to 26°C was associatedwith plasma membrane localization of CFTR protein. These resultssuggest that there are two mechanisms whereby CFTR mutationslead to loss of cAMP-responsive GCI. First, shown by G551D CFTR,the protein can be processed and targeted to the plasma membranecorrectly, but lack full responsiveness to stimulation by cAMP.Second, as examplified by F508 CFTR, a partially functionalprotein which is not targeted to its correct cellular locationcan also lead to loss of the cAMP, responsive G_CI.     

论加速建立现代化中药制造工业的若干制药工程技术问题

本文针对我国中药制造工业存在的若干制药工程技术问题 ,首先着重分析了中药制药工程学的领域问题 ,指出其研究的目标和任务 ;其次 ,针对中药制药工程技术及工艺问题 ,分析了中药产品质量达不到稳定均一的原因所在 ;最后详细分析了现有中药粉碎设备、提取设备、制剂设备等中药制药设备的有关技术问题。在此基础上 ,指出了中药制造工业和国外存在的差距 ,建议加快推广先进适用的高新技术 ,优先研发中药制药过程全程质量控制技术及中药工业集成制造技术 ,以推动中药制造工业的技术进步。     

经尿道前列腺汽化与开放性手术对老年前列腺增生患者术后性功能的影响

目的评价经尿道前列腺汽化(TUVP)和开放性手术对老年前列腺增生(BPH)患者术后性功能的影响.方法分别统计分析经尿道前列腺汽化组(TUVP组)、耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除组(SPP组)和耻骨后保留尿道前列腺切除组(Madigan组)术后6个月、1 2个月勃起障碍(ED)与逆行射精(RE)的发生率.结果术后6个月ED的发生率在TUVP组(n=52)、SPP组(n=46)、Madigan组(n=32)分别为1 3.4%(7/52)、1 5.2%(7/46)、1 2.5%(4/32),术后12个月ED的发生率分别为11.5%(6/52)、1 5.2%(7/46)、1 2.5%(4/32),术后6个月、1 2个月RE的发生率在TUVP组、SPP组、Madigan组分别为46.2%(24/5 2)、39.1%(1 8/46)、9.3%(3/32).结论TUVP与传统开放性手术SPP及Madigan手术相比较对勃起障碍的影响无统计学差异(p＞0.05),但逆行射精的发生率较Madigan手术组高,提示对术后射精功能有较大影响.