Intravital microscopy visualizes innate immune crosstalk and function in tissue microenvironment

Significant advances have been made in the field of intravital microscopy (IVM) on myeloid cells due to the growing number of validated fluorescent probes and reporter mice. IVM provides a visualization platform to directly observe cell behavior and deepen our understanding of cellular dynamics, heterogeneity, plasticity, and cell–cell communication in native tissue environments. This review outlines the current studies on the dynamic interaction and function of innate immune cells with a focus on those that are studied with IVM and covers the advances in data analysis with emerging artificial intelligence-based algorithms. Finally, the prospects of IVM on innate immune cells are discussed.     

深圳市服务业外来务工人员自杀意念影响因素分析

目的 了解广东省深圳市服务业外来务工人员自杀行为的现状及影响因素。方法 2014年6-8月在深圳市采用同伴推动抽样方法招募1 982名服务业外来务工人员,应用一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）、Connor-Davidson 弹性量表（CD-RISC）、广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）、流调中心用抑郁量表（CES-D）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）进行调查,建立结构方程模型初步探讨心理状况、心理弹性、焦虑抑郁、社会支持与自杀意念之间的关系。结果 有效调查1 979名深圳服务业外来务工人员,平均年龄为（39.9±12.0）岁,以女性、已婚者和初中文化程度者为主,比例分别为65.1%（1 288/1 979）、83.8%（1 658/1 979）和43.3%（856/1 979）;自杀意念、自杀计划及自杀尝试报告率分别为3.1%（62/1 979）、0.4%（8/1 979）和0.3%（6/1 979）;结构方程模型的主要指标（χ²/df=17.828,NFI=0.959,CFI=0.961,IFI=0.961,RMSEA=0.092,AIC=164.793,BCC=164.935,EVCI=0.083）显示方程模拟较好;抑郁对自杀意念直接作用大小为0.16,心理状况、心理弹性、焦虑、社会支持通过抑郁对自杀意念起间接作用;自杀意念的“负向”影响因素排序为抑郁（直接作用大小0.16,构成比46.2%）>焦虑（作用大小0.10,构成比28.9%）>心理状况（作用大小0.084,构成比24.2%）>社会支持（作用大小0.000 5,构成比0.1%）;“正向”影响因素为心理弹性（作用大小-0.002,构成比0.6%）。结论 抑郁和焦虑是深圳服务业外来务工人员自杀意念的重要危险因素之一,早期筛查抑郁和焦虑情绪是预防服务业外来务工人员自杀重要手段之一。     

MEX3A在非小细胞肺癌中的表达与功能研究

目的:探究MEX3A基因在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的表达水平及沉默MEX3A基因后对NSCLC增殖、侵袭、迁移和凋亡及周期的影响。方法:通过mRNA转录组分析及癌症基因图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库信息分析,筛选出在NSCLC中显著高表达的MEX3A基因。通过qRT-PCR检测MEX3A在4种常见NSCLC细胞系中的mRNA表达水平,发现MEX3A在A549和NCI-H292中显著高表达。利用RNA干扰技术(RNA interference,RNAi)沉默A549和NCI-H292中MEX3A的表达,CCK8及Transwell试验检测沉默MEX3A表达后对NSCLC增殖、侵袭及迁移的影响,流式细胞术分析沉默MEX3A表达后对A549和NCI-H292细胞周期及凋亡的影响。结果:MEX3A在A549和NCI-H292中高表达。沉默MEX3A后NSCLC增殖、侵袭及迁移被显著抑制,细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,促进细胞凋亡。结论:MEX3A作为NSCLC的促癌基因,参与了NSCLC的生长及增殖过...     

重组人血管内皮抑制素窗口期联合化疗治疗晚期大肠癌的临床疗效

目的:观察重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)窗口期联合化疗治疗晚期大肠癌的临床疗效。方法:选取2014年6月至2018年6月于贵州省肿瘤医院就诊的不可手术的晚期大肠癌患者120例,随机分为重组人血管内皮抑制素窗口期联合化疗组(试验组)及重组人血管内皮抑制素常规方案联合化疗组(对照组)各60例。试验组方案:重组人血管内皮抑制素15 mg/d,d1～d7,间歇7天重复,用药14天为1个周期,化疗于每周期使用重组人血管内皮抑制素第5天(窗口期)开始;对照组方案:重组人血管内皮抑制素15 mg/d,d1～d14,间歇7天重复,21天为1个周期,化疗于重组人血管内皮抑制素治疗第1天开始;两组均采用m FOLFOX6或FOLFIRI方案化疗。对比分析两组的临床疗效。结果:1)试验组与对照组客观有效率(objective response rate,ORR)分别为25.0%和18.3%,疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)分别为80.0%和73.3%,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.375,P=0.388);2)试验组与对照组1、2、3年生存率分别为(69.6%vs. 62.5%)(...     

Application value of continuous seromuscular layer sutures in the reinforcement of esophagojejunostomy in total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a retrospective comparative cohort study

BackgroundThe development process of gastrointestinal anastomosis is from complex to simple, from two layers to one layer, from extramucosal anastomosis to seromuscular anastomosis. With the rapid development of anastomosis instruments, the anastomosis process becomes more and more convenient. However, relevant studies have shown that related complications such as anastomotic leakage still occur. This study sought to investigate the feasibility and safety of seromuscular layer sutures in the reinforcement of esophagojejunostomy after open radical total gastrectomy.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy after open radical total gastrectomy at The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from April 2019 to May 2020. The inclusion criteria of patients were between 18 and 80 years old; pathology confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma; preoperative imaging showed no distant metastasis and did not receive neoadjuvant therapy; no complex infectious diseases; no blood transfusion was performed before operation. A total of 192 patients were included according to the inclusion criteria. They were divided into the following 2 groups based on whether seromuscular layer suturing of the anastomosis was performed: (I) group A (the simple anastomosis group, n=76); (II) and group B (the seromuscular layer suture group, n=116). The baseline data, surgical data and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsAll patients underwent esophagojejunostomy Roux-en-Y anastomosis after open radical total gastrectomy, and no perioperative deaths occurred. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups. Group B had an earlier time to liquid diet than group A (4.23±0.76 vs. 4.57±0.58 days, P<0.001). The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage in group B (1.72%) was lower than that in group A (9.21%), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.03). The incidence of pleural effusion was lower in group B (15.52%) than group A (32.89%), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.005).ConclusionsCompared to the simple anastomosis, seromuscular layer sutures after esophagojejunostomy may decrease the rates of postoperative anastomotic leakage and pleural effusion. This suture method is feasible and may provide a new option to increase surgical safety.     

Risk stratification of patients with right-sided colorectal cancer based on the tumor-infiltrating M1 macrophage

The homing of M1 and M2 macrophages may play distinct roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, these roles of macrophages in the TME remain unclear. We downloaded RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for patients with CRC. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated to assess the differential infiltration of M1 and M2 macrophages based on CRC location. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) and functional analyses were performed to screen the roles of DEGs. Critical prognostic genes were identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The risk scores were calculated for each patient. In patients with right-sided CRC, reduced M1 macrophage infiltration was associated with poor prognosis. M1 macrophage infiltration positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration. A risk model was developed and validated for performance using {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE103479","term_id":"103479"}}GSE103479 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE72970","term_id":"72970"}}GSE72970. Nine genes were identified as independent prognostic genes that could be potential biomarkers for effectively predicting survival in patients with right-sided CRC. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival and progression-free survival analyses revealed that the high-risk group of patients with right-sided CRC had a poor prognosis. This novel M1 macrophage-related risk model may provide a gene signature for predicting the survival outcomes of patients with right-sided CRC and facilitate further studies examining the relationship between infiltration of M1 macrophages and the prognosis of such patients.     

Integrating highly active graphite nanosheets into microspheres for enhanced lithium storage properties of silicon

Integrating silicon (Si) and graphitic carbon into micron-sized composites by spray-drying holds great potential in developing advanced anodes for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, common graphite particles as graphitic carbon are always too large in three-dimensional size, resulting in inhomogeneous hybridization with nanosized Si (NSi); in addition, the rate capability of graphite is poor owing to sluggish intercalation kinetics. Herein, we integrated graphite nanosheets (GNs) with NSi to prepare porous NSi-GN-C microspheres by spray-drying and subsequent calcination with the assistance of glucose. Two-dimensional GNs with average thickness of ∼80 nm demonstrate superior lithium storage capacity, high conductivity, and flexibility, which could improve the electronic transfer kinetics and structural stability. Moreover, the porous structure buffers the volume expansion of Si during the lithiation process. The obtained NSi-GN-C microspheres manifest excellent electrochemical performance, including high initial coulombic efficiency of 85.9%, excellent rate capability of 94.4% capacity retention after 50 repeated high-rate tests, and good cyclic performance for 500 cycles at 1.0 A g⁻¹. Kinetic analysis and in situ impedance spectra reveal dominant pseudocapacitive behavior with rapid and stable Li⁺ insertion/extraction processes. Ex situ morphology characterization demonstrates the ultra-stable integrated structure of the NSi-GN-C. The highly active GN demonstrates great potential to improve the lithium storage properties of Si, which provides new opportunity for constructing high-performance anodes for LIBs.

Highly active graphite nanosheets are integrated with Si nanoparticles to prepare porous microspheres by spray-drying and a subsequent annealing process, which demonstrate superior lithium storage properties.     

Dual fluorescence properties and enhanced thermal stability of SrSi2O2N2:Eu2+ phosphors by coupling with g-C3N4

Nowadays, considerable efforts have been extensively devoted to explore a general strategy for improving the color uniformity and thermal stability of phosphors, which is vital for its applications in health and comfort lighting. In this study, the SrSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺/g-C₃N₄ composites were successfully prepared via a facile and effective solid-state method to improve their photoluminescence properties and thermal stability. The coupling microstructure and chemical composition of the composites were demonstrated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and EDS line-scanning analyses. Notably, the dual emissions at ∼460 nm (blue) and ∼520 nm (green) were observed for the SrSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺/g-C₃N₄ composite under near-ultraviolet (NUV) excitation, attributed to the g-C₃N₄ and 5d–4f transition of Eu²⁺ ions, respectively. The coupling structure will be beneficial to the color uniformity of the blue/green emitting light. Further, SrSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺/g-C₃N₄ composites exhibited a similar photoluminescence intensity compared with the SrSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺ phosphor even after thermal treatment at 500 °C for 2 h due to the protection of g-C₃N₄. The decreased decay time (1798.3 ns) of green emission for SSON/CN compared with SSON phosphor (1835.5 ns) indicated that the coupling structure suppressed the non-radiative transition and improved photoluminescence properties and thermal stability. This work provides a facile strategy to construct SrSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺/g-C₃N₄ composites with coupling structure for improved color uniformity and thermal stability.

Nowadays, considerable efforts have been extensively devoted to explore a general strategy for improving the color uniformity and thermal stability of phosphors, which is vital for its applications in health and comfort lighting.