滋养细胞肿瘤153例临床分析

目的 分析滋养细胞肿瘤的临床特点和综合治疗后的预后转归，探讨滋养细胞肿瘤临床各期的最佳治疗方法。方法 收集1988年1月至2000年12月收治的恶性滋养细胞肿瘤共153例，分析经化疗或手术治疗后的临床转归。结果 绒癌治愈率76．19％，侵蚀性葡萄胎治愈率为90，99％。结论 滋养细胞肿瘤的化疗效果可靠，对于Ⅱ期以上病例，采用以全身化疗为主，辅以多种途径的给药方式，疗效更佳。     

激素和静脉丙球对急性ITP血小板参数的影响及临床意义

目的 　探讨静脉丙种球蛋白 (IVIg)和地塞米松 (DEX)对急性原发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)血小板参数的影响及临床意义。方法 　将 6 0例急性ITP患儿随机分为DEX组和DI(DEX +IVIg)组。观察两组的平均止血时间 ;测定治疗前、后血小板计数 (PLT)、血小板压积 (PCT)、平均血小板体积 (MPV)和血小板体积分布宽度 (PDW)值的变化。结果 　DI组平均止血时间 ( 3 2± 1 1d)较DEX组平均止血时间 ( 5 4± 1 3d)明显缩短 (P <0 0 1 ) ,血小板上升速度明显增快。治疗后DEX组和DI组PLT和PCT值均逐渐升高 ,MPV和PDW值逐渐下降。但DI组PLT、PCT、MPV、PDW值变化更为显著 ,分别与DEX组比较 ,差异均有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 　IVIg联合DEX治疗急性ITP的疗效明显优于单用DEX ;血小板的四项参数可作为判定急性ITP病情严重程度和评价疗效的参考指标之一。     

Distinctive gene expression profiles by cDNA microarrays in endometrioid and serous carcinomas of the endometrium.

Endometrial carcinomas are classified by their morphology into two major subtypes. Endometrioid carcinomas (type I) are generally estrogen dependent, well-differentiated, superficially invasive, and have a good outcome. Serous carcinomas (type II) are hormone independent, frequently deeply invasive and widely metastatic, and have a poor prognosis. Microarray technology and analysis allows us to determine if the global gene expression profiles of these two subtypes correlate with their morphologic phenotype. Fresh tissue from 18 endometrial carcinomas was studied: 7 well-, 2 moderately, and one poorly differentiated endometrioid, 4 serous carcinomas, and 4 high-grade mixed endometrioid-serous carcinomas. Labeled cDNA probes were synthesized (Cy5 for tumor, Cy3 for reference) and applied to microarrays containing 18,098 cDNA clones or ESTs. A pool of equal amounts of total RNA from each tumor served as the reference RNA. By unsupervised cluster analysis, the endometrioid carcinomas clustered together and were separate from the serous carcinomas. The high-grade mixed carcinomas clustered with the serous carcinomas. Using a statistical algorithm based on gene expression pattern and conducting a supervised analysis of the two defined groups, we have identified 315 genes that statistically differentiate type I from type II endometrial carcinomas. In addition to corroborating the predicted overexpression of known markers (e.g., ras and catenin in endometrioid carcinomas), the cDNA microarray technique has revealed novel alterations in gene expression relevant to cell cycle, cell adhesion, signal transduction, apoptosis, and tumor progression not previously implicated in endometrial carcinomas. For serous carcinomas, these include aldolase, desmoplakin, integrin-linked kinase, PKC, and metallopeptidase. In conclusion, the gene expression profiles of type I and type II endometrial carcinomas are different. Refinement of these profiles will permit more accurate diagnostic tumor classification and the development of prognosis assays.     

Construction of a bioengineered cardiac graft

OBJECTIVES: Currently available graft materials for repair of congenital heart defects cause significant morbidity and mortality because of their lack of growth potential. An autologous cell-seeded graft may improve patient outcomes. We report our initial experience with the construction of a biodegradable graft seeded with cultured rat or human cells and identify their 3-dimensional growth characteristics. METHODS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, stomach smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro. These cells were injected into or laid onto biodegradable gelatin meshes, and their rate of proliferation and spatial location within the mesh was evaluated by using a cell counter and histologic analysis. RESULTS: Rat cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts demonstrated steady proliferation over 3 to 4 weeks. The gelatin mesh was slowly degraded, but this process was most rapid after seeding with fibroblasts. Human atrial cardiomyocytes proliferated within the gelatin meshes but at a slower rate than that of fetal rat cardiomyocytes. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes survived within the gelatin mesh matrix but did not increase in number during the 2-week duration of evaluation. Grafts seeded with rat ventricular cells exhibited spontaneous rhythmic contractility. All cell types preferentially migrated to the uppermost surface of each graft and formed a 300- to 500-microm thick layer. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, gastric smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial cardiomyocytes can grow in a 3-dimensional pattern within a biodegradable gelatin mesh. Similar autologous cell-seeded constructs may eventually be applied to repair congenital heart defects.     

Recombinant human complement C5a receptor antagonist reduces infarct size after surgical revascularization

OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that a recombinant human C5a antagonist, CGS 32359, attenuates neutrophil activation and reduces infarct size in a porcine model of surgical revascularization. METHODS: CGS 32359 (0.16-16 micromol/L) dose-dependently inhibited superoxide production by human C5a-activated porcine neutrophils (18 +/- 3.7 vs 1.6 +/- 0.5 nmol/5 min/5 x 10(6) neutrophils; P <.05) and reduced neutrophil adherence to coronary endothelium from 194 +/- 9 to 43 +/- 6 neutrophils/mm(2) (P <.05). The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 50 minutes, after which saline solution (n = 8), mannitol-buffer vehicle (n = 9, 102 mg/kg bolus, 102 mg. kg(-1). h(-1)), or CGS 32359 (CGS, n = 7, 60 mg/kg bolus, 60 mg. kg(-1). h(-1)) was infused. After ischemia, 1-hour arrest was achieved by means of multidose hypothermic (4 degrees C) blood cardioplegia, followed by 2.5 hours of off-bypass reperfusion. The ligature on the left anterior descending artery was released before the second infusion of cardioplegic solution. RESULTS: Area at risk was similar in all groups (saline solution, 27% +/- 2%; mannitol-buffer vehicle, 26% +/- 2%; CGS, 26% +/- 2% left ventricular mass). Infarct size (area necrosis/area at risk) was significantly reduced by CGS (18% +/- 6%, P <.05) versus saline solution (52% +/- 3%) and mannitol-buffer vehicle (60% +/- 4%). Postischemic systolic shortening (sonomicrometry) in the area at risk was significantly improved with CGS (0.8% +/- 0.9%) compared with saline solution (-3.7% +/- 1.1%) and mannitol-buffer vehicle (-6.4% +/- 1.0%). Myeloperoxidase activity from accumulated neutrophils was less in the ischemic zone of CGS (0.014 +/- 0.002 U/100 mg tissue; P <.05) than mannitol-buffer vehicle (0.133 +/- 0.012 U/100 mg tissue). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the recombinant human C5a receptor antagonist CGS 32359 inhibits surgical ischemia-reperfusion injury after coronary occlusion.     

重症监护室非发酵菌的检出率及其耐药性分析

目的 了解某院重症监护室(ICU)医院感染病原菌中非发酵菌的分布及其耐药情况。方法 用VITEK—AMS仪鉴定细菌，K—B纸片扩散法做体外药敏试验，统计、分析非发酵菌的检出率和药敏结果。结果 ICU医院感染非发酵菌的阳性检出率为38．36％，其中，铜绿假单胞菌最为常见(18．75％)，其次为鲍曼不动杆菌(11．18％)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(4．38％)。不同感染部位非发酵菌的感染率(不同感染部位标本的阳性检出率)各不相同，以呼吸系统和皮肤切口的阳性率最高，分别为65．40％和51．23％。铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对多种抗菌药物表现为较高的耐药性。结论 ICU医院感染病原菌中非发酵菌的检出率较高且耐药性强；治疗非发酵菌感染应根据体外药敏试验结果选用敏感的抗菌药物。     

上海市人群自报健康分布的综合测量(三)

基于经HOPIT模型校正后的上海市嘉定、宝山、金山和崇明4区(县)的人群自报健康资料，应用伤残集中指数进行人群自报健康分布的综合测量研究。结果表明，在样本地区存在收入相关健康不平等，并提示改善低收入人群的经济状况，特别是收入状况对改善健康的重要性。     

护士人格特质与服务态度满意度的相关性研究

目的　研究护士人格特质与患者对护士服务态度满意度的相关情况。方法　使用 16 PF测查 376名护士的人格特质 ,使用自行编制的“住院病人对所住科室护士服务态度调查表”测查现住的 1334名住院病人对所住科室护士服务态度的满意度并量化 ,将两个量表的分值进行相关性分析。结果　 16 PF中 A、B、C、F、G、H、I、Q3等因子与患者满意度分值呈正相关 ,E、L、M等因子呈负相关 ,其它因子相关性不明显 ;其中 ,A、C、G、L、M等因子相关性达到显著性水平 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　护士的人格特质影响着护患关系及患者对护士服务态度的满意度 ,护理管理人员对护士应加强心理知识技能的训练及心理综合品质的培养     

荧光分光光度法测定饮用水中挥发酚类的研究

〔目的〕分析 4-氨基安替比林氯仿萃取分光光度法、直接荧光分光光度法、正丁醇萃取荧光分光光度法三种方法测定水中挥发酚的优缺点及适用范围 ,旨在找出一个更好的检测方法测定饮用水中挥发酚。〔方法〕使用此三种方法分别测定样品及标准中的挥发酚的含量 ,比较其相关系数、线性范围、灵敏度、回收率与检出限。〔结果〕以上三种方法的相关系数分别为 0 .9988、0 .9998、0 .9994,线性范围分别为 0 -0 .0 40mg L、0 -0 .0 40mg L、0 -0 .0 2 0mg L ,平均回收率分别为 95 .9%、10 0 .2 %、96.9% ,检出限分别为 0 .0 0 2mg L、0 .0 0 10 7mg L、0 .0 0 0 3 3mg L ,灵敏度分别为 11.177、3 2 61.9、3 745 6。〔结论〕正丁醇萃取荧光分光光度法有很好的灵敏度、回收率、检出限和相关系数 ,方法较简单且试剂毒性小 ,适合饮用水中挥发酚测定的国家标准要求 ,可以取代 4-氨基安替比林氯仿萃取分光光度法成为国家标准方法。