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141.
Fermand JP; Chevret S; Ravaud P; Divine M; Leblond V; Dreyfus F; Mariette X; Brouet JC 《Blood》1993,82(7):2005-2009
Sixty-three patients with high tumor mass multiple myeloma were treated with high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation supported by autologous blood stem cell transplantation. After high-dose therapy, they were monitored for a median of 44 months. Seven patients died early from toxicity. All the other patients, including those whose disease was resistant to previous therapies, showed a tumor mass reduction. At 6 months postengraftment, 40 (71%) of the surviving patients had minimal residual disease and 11 (20%) were in apparent complete remission. During follow-up, 25 out of the 63 (39%) patients relapsed and 16 of these died; 31 (49%) had a sustained remission. The median overall and event-free survival times after transplantation were 59 and 43 months, respectively. The initial serum beta 2-microglobulin value (> or < 2.8 mg/L) and length of previous therapy (> or < 6 courses of chemotherapy) were the only significant prognostic factors. In all surviving patients, blood stem cell autograft provided satisfactory and sustained haematopoietic reconstitution most often within 15 days. High dose chemoradiotherapy followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation is thus an important therapeutic option for young patients with aggressive multiple myeloma. 相似文献
142.
TG Bird L Boutler A Cole S Lorenzini WY Lu T Hay R Ridgway M Williams B Knight S Gordon Keylock D Wjotacha T Jamieson JP Iredale AR Clarke OJ Sansom SJ Forbes 《Lancet》2013
Insufficient regeneration of the adult liver is believed to cause failure to recover from severe liver disease. An undifferentiated cell population with stem-cell-like qualities known as hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) is hypothesised to have a central role in regeneration of the adult liver during massive or chronic liver disease. Stem cells in other organ systems are believed to reside in a specialised microenvironment or niche that supports their maintenance and function. The existence of a hepatic stem cell niche might provide a means of therapeutically manipulating endogenous HPCs in vivo as a regenerative therapy.To investigate the physiological potential of HPCs to regenerate the mammalian liver, we have established a novel model of hepatocellular injury and HPC activation using genetic manipulation of hepatocytes. After hepatocyte senescence and death in this model (AhCre Mdm2flox), HPCs expand and bring about the complete regeneration of the liver parenchyma.We demonstrate that a stereotypical niche, consisting partly of macrophages, exists in both animal models and correlating human disease. Using cell tracking, we show active recruitment of extrahepatic macrophages into this niche during injury. In health, intravenous injection of macrophages results in macrophage engraftment to the liver niche, with subsequent HPC activation and changes to liver structure and function.Within the niche, macrophages use paracrine signalling to control both HPC proliferation and cell fate via TWEAK (tumour-necrosis-factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis) and the Wnt signalling pathway, respectively. After hepatocellular injury, macrophages ingest hepatocyte debris, and release Wnt which promotes HPC differentiation into hepatocytes. TWEAK is vital for HPC proliferation in the AhCre Mdm2flox model of regeneration. Here, the absence of TWEAK signalling results in liver failure and mortality.This work has demonstrated for the first time the ability of a solid organ to fully regenerate in the adult mammal from progenitor cells, and additionally highlights mechanisms by which this process can be modulated by either small molecule or cell therapy.FundingUniversity of Edinburgh. 相似文献
143.
Transjugular liver biopsy with an automated device 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
144.
Diemunsch P.; Conseiller C.; Clyti N.; Mamet JP The French Ondansetron Study Group. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,79(3):322-326
We have studied 746 males and females undergoing general anaesthesia for
any type of surgical procedure in a double-blind, controlled, randomized
study. After experiencing at least one nausea and/or one emetic episode in
the 6 h after recovery from anaesthesia, patients received either
ondansetron 4 mg i.v. or metoclopramide 10 mg i.v. Patients were observed
for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) for 24 h after drug
administration. Complete control of PONV was achieved more frequently in
the ondansetron-treated patients compared with the metoclopramide-treated
patients during the 24-h period (59% vs 41% (P < 0.001) and 44% vs 34%
(P = 0.006) for emetic episodes and nausea, respectively). Furthermore,
ondansetron was associated with greater patient satisfaction than
metoclopramide (P < 0.001) with 49% and 32% of patients, respectively,
very satisfied. The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in the
ondansetron (7%) and metoclopramide (8%) groups. Ondansetron was as well
tolerated and more effective than metoclopramide for all assessment
criteria in the treatment of established PONV.
相似文献
145.
146.
JP Ortonne† HC Korting‡ C Viguié-Vallanet§ C Larnier¶ E Savaluny¶ 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2006,20(10):1307-1313
BACKGROUND: Tinea pedis is a common dermatophyte infection with frequent recurrences. Terbinafine (presently used as a 1-week topical treatment of tinea pedis) is now available in a novel topical solution (film-forming solution--FFS), developed to allow single application. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of terbinafine 1% FFS in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial, and to determine relapse or re-infection rate of tinea pedis at 12 weeks. PATIENTS/METHODS: Fifty-four centres (27 in France; 27 in Germany) enrolled 273 evaluable patients (2 : 1 randomization). Patients applied terbinafine 1% FFS or placebo only once between, under and over the toes, soles and sides of both feet. Efficacy assessments included direct microscopy, mycological culture, and clinical signs and symptoms at baseline, and at weeks 1, 6 and 12 after the single drug application. RESULTS: Effective treatment (negative mycology plus absent/minimal symptoms) at week 6 in the terbinafine 1% FFS group was 63%; vehicle was 17% (P相似文献
147.
Summary— The aim of the present study was the investigation of pretreatment effects with clonidine (0.06 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [ip]), lithium (1 mEq, ip) or quinine (0.5 mg/kg, ip) on the activities of various drugs acting on noradrenergic and/or serotonergic systems in the mouse tail suspension test. Drugs used in the present study included: the tricyclic antidepressants imipramine and dothiepin, the heterocyclic antidepressant trazodone, the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine, the atypical antidepressants mianserin and iprindole, the 5-HT1A receptor agonist ipsapirone, the 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist ritanserin, and the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron. Clonidine, lithium and quinine differentially enhanced the effects of several psychotropic drugs administered at sub-active doses. The activity of iprindole (32 mg/kg, ip) was not potentiated by pretreatment with clonidine, lithium or quinine. Our results suggest that lithium exerted additive effects via postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor activation, quinine via potassium ion channel blockade of 5-HT3 receptors, while clonidine did so primarily via action at 5-HT2 receptors. 相似文献
148.
PM Braillon AL Guibal P Pracros-Deffrenne A Serban JP Pracros P Chatelain 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(9):924-929
Ninety five normal Caucasian subjects (51F, 44 M) aged from 2 to 25 y were measured at the hand and wrist level with a small DXA system (pDEXA™) in order to obtain the normal values of the bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and projected area (A) of carpal (c) and metacarpal (m) bones. BMDc ranged from 0.065 ± 0.007 g/cm to 0.365 ± 0.035 g/cm in females and 0.425 ± 0.040 g/cm in males. It presented a sharp change of increase rate at 15.5 and 17 y of age in girls and boys, respectively. Ac presented the same kind of evolution as BMDc, but had a larger value dispersion. The second metacarpal bone had the highest BMCm value in 85% of females and 90% of males. The sum of BMCmi or Ami values (i = 1–5) and the projected mean density of the 5 metacarpal bones was well correlated with BMCc, Ac and BMDc, respectively ( r > 0.90). A volumetric mineral density, dmi, calculated for each of these bones, approximated to a cylinder, was correlated with age ( r > 0.85). 相似文献
149.
Breast MR imaging with loop-gap resonators 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Breast images obtained at 1.5 T using a loop-gap resonator pair as both the excitation and detection device are presented. The efficiency of this approach is high, as judged by the low level of radio frequency (RF) power required to obtain a 90 degree pulse and the uniformity of the RF field within the resonator pair. A modification of the pair geometry provides for reasonable observation of the tissues through the chest wall and laterally to the axillae. 相似文献
150.
JP Armand M. Klink-Alakl G. Recondo and M. de Forni 《Fundamental & clinical pharmacology》1990,4(S2):197s-204s
Summary— The phase I trial in oncology follows a very different methodology than in other areas of medicine. Its main objective is the identification of the maximal tolerated dose with short and middle range toxicity limits. In general the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs is narrow and the efficacy of drugs is closely associated with their toxic range: specially hematologic. This toxicity has to be well defined within its nature, its gravity, its dose relationship and its reversibility. It is usually correlated with pharmacokinetic. The cytotoxic agents have as their main target DNA and therefore the long term toxicity is poorly defined and seldom wellknown. The oncology phase I trial is always done in advanced cancer patients and in the great majority of cases after several therapeutic tentative having failed. It is never done in healthy volunteers. Patients have to be informed of the nature of the trial with the possibility of a therapeutic response as an associated objective. 相似文献