斜方肌对重度 Lenke1 型侧凸脊柱影响的有限元分析

目的 建立考虑斜方肌的脊柱侧凸有限元模型,探究斜方肌对脊柱的力学特性影响。 方法 建立脊柱侧凸患者胸腰椎及骶骨的有限元模型,并进行模型有效性验证。 之后加入肩胛骨和斜方肌,模拟分析上躯干不同工况下斜方肌对 Lenke1 型侧凸脊柱各部分的影响。 结果 脊柱-肌肉模型侧屈活动度比脊柱模型小 0. 23% ,椎间盘轴向旋转平均降低 0. 078°;软组织应力在小关节上分布更均匀,软组织所受应力变化更平稳;6 种工况中 87. 5% 的腰椎小关节所受应力减小。 结论 斜方肌可以增强脊柱抵抗变形的能力,同时使应力在脊柱上更符合循序渐进的分布,腰椎受力更小使得人体可以承受更多的外载荷。 所建脊柱-肌肉模型更贴合实际,对于临床具有一定的参考价值。目的 建立考虑斜方肌的脊柱侧凸有限元模型,探究斜方肌对脊柱的力学特性影响。 方法 建立脊柱侧凸患者胸腰椎及骶骨的有限元模型,并进行模型有效性验证。 之后加入肩胛骨和斜方肌,模拟分析上躯干不同工况下斜方肌对 Lenke1 型侧凸脊柱各部分的影响。 结果 脊柱-肌肉模型侧屈活动度比脊柱模型小 0. 23% ,椎间盘轴向旋转平均降低 0. 078°;软组织应力在小关节上分布更均匀,软组织所受应力变化更平稳;6 种工况中 87. 5% 的腰椎小关节所受应力减小。 结论 斜方肌可以增强脊柱抵抗变形的能力,同时使应力在脊柱上更符合循序渐进的分布,腰椎受力更小使得人体可以承受更多的外载荷。 所建脊柱-肌肉模型更贴合实际,对于临床具有一定的参考价值。     

根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素分析

目的:探讨根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素。方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法。收集2004年1月至2015年12月北京大学肿瘤医院收治的63例结直肠癌肺转移病人的临床病理资料;男35例,女28例;年龄为（57±12）岁。病人均行原发灶和结直肠癌肺转移灶根治性R 0切除术。观察指标：（1）诊...     

柴胡桂枝汤加减联合中成药治疗寻常型银屑病1例并文献复习

患儿,女,7岁,因"全身红斑鳞屑1年,加重2月"来诊,西医诊断为寻常型银屑病,中医辨证为营卫失和,肌肤失养,少阳兼表证.予柴胡桂枝汤联合中成药治疗5个月后银屑病皮损面积和严重性指数(PASI)改善率为99.27％,且未发现毒副作用,停药后随访半年未复发.回顾文献发现柴胡类制剂对细胞炎症因子水平及表皮的增殖分化有调节作用...     

一次性使用输液器检验方法的探讨

本文通过对１２个一次性使用输液器生产厂家共３０批产品的质量考察，对ＧＢ法和ＷＳ法作了简单评述和改进。     

Toxic Effect of Combined Exposure of Microplastics and Copper on Goldfish (Carassius auratus): Insight from Oxidative Stress,Inflammation, Apoptosis and Autophagy in Hepatopancreas and Intestine

The enhancement of the toxic effect of microplastics (MPs) on heavy metals and its mechanism needs more in-depth and systematic research. In this study, the copper (Cu) accumulation, histological injury, and expression of genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy of goldfish after single or combined exposure of MPs (1 mg/L) and Cu²⁺ (0.1 mg/L) for 7 days were determined. The results demonstrated that MPs enhanced the Cu accumulation in hepatopancreas and intestine of goldfish and induced more severe oxidative stress in the hepatopancreas and intestine of goldfish. Additionally, combined exposure of MPs and Cu induced inflammation, excessive apoptosis and insufficient autophagy in the hepatopancreas. Contrary, the inflammation and apoptosis were depressed in the intestine after combined exposure of MPs and Cu, which still requires further exploration. Hence, these findings provide further evidence for the threat of MPs and its adsorbed heavy metals.

     

血流的非线性因素与血流波的畸变

本文用血流波形畸变的实测资料和非线性动力学理论分析得出了血流波形畸变是较普遍的现象,其畸变的原因主要是非线性因素。     

自身免疫性内耳病动物模型的抗内耳特异性抗体谱系分析

目的 为明确哪几种膜迷路蛋白成分参与了实验性自身免疫性内耳病（ａｕｔｏｍｍｕｎｅｉｎｎｅｒ－ｅａｒ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ，ＡＩＥＤ）的形成。方法 以同种内耳组织抗原免疫豚鼠，建立自身免疫性内耳病动物模型。用免疫转印迹技术（Ｗｅｓｔ－ｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ）检测动物血液中抗膜迷路蛋白抗体。结果 豚鼠膜迷路蛋白成分复杂，ＳＤＳ－ＡＰＧＥ电泳至少可分出５种，但免疫后大多数动物（１５／２０）体内仅产生了抗６８ｋＤ和１     

Surgical site infection following operative treatment of open fracture: Incidence and prognostic risk factors

Considering the high incidence of postoperative complications of open fracture, management of this injury is an intractable challenge for orthopaedist, and surgical site infection (SSI) is the devastate one. Screening for high‐risk patients and target them with appropriate interventions is important in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to identify modifiable factors that were associated with SSI following operative treatment of open fractures. This retrospective, multicentre study was conducted at three hospitals. A total of 2692 patients with complete data were recruited between June 2015 and July 2018. Demographic characteristics, operation relative variables, additional comorbidities, and biochemical indexes were extracted and analysed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to detect the optimum cut‐off value for some variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis models were performed, respectively, to identify the independent risk factors of SSI. The overall incidence of SSI was 18.6%, with 17.0% and 1.6% for superficial and deep infection, respectively. Results of univariate and multivariate analyses showed the following: fracture type, surgical duration > 122 minutes, anaesthesia time > 130 minutes, intraoperative body temperature < 36.4°C, blood glucose (GLU) > 100 mg/dL, blood platelet (PLT) < 288 × 10⁹, and white blood cells (WBC) > 9.4 × 10⁹ were independent risk factors of postoperative wound infection following operative treatment of open fractures. Six modifiable factors such as surgical duration > 122 minutes, anaesthesia time > 130 minutes, intraoperative body temperature < 36.4°C, GLU > 100 mg/dL, PLT < 288 × 109, and WBC > 9.4 × 109 play an important role in the prevention of SSI, and these factors should be optimized perioperatively.     

Kinetic and Molecular Weight Modeling of Miniemulsion Polymerization Initiated by Oil‐Soluble Initiators

A mathematical model for the miniemulsion polymerization initiated by oil‐soluble initiators is described in detail with comparisons to experiment results. The desorption of primary radicals and particle population balance are introduced to illustrate the distribution of radical per particles. The effects of different variable factors including the particle size, surfactant layer, initiator, and aqueous phase inhibitor are considered, and the model predictions coincide well with experiment results under different above‐mentioned conditions. The model is found to be useful in explaining the ongoing debate about the origin of effective radical in miniemulsion polymerization initiated by oil‐soluble initiators. It is found that the effective radicals are originated from the primary radicals desorbed from the particles, and the contribution of the small amount of initiator dissolved in the aqueous phase can be ignored.