腹腔镜脾脏切除的临床应用(附4例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜脾切除术的可行性及手术要点。方法:2008年1~8月对4例患者进行了腹腔镜脾切除术,对手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症等进行了总结。结果:4例患者均成功地完成了腹腔镜脾切除术,无中转开腹;手术时间150~260 min;出血量100~500 ml;术后1~2 d肠蠕动恢复,术后3~4 d拔除腹腔引流管;无手术并发症发生。结论:经过选择的病人行腹腔镜脾切除安全可行,手术成功的关键是术中仔细操作,防止大出血的发生。     

移动学习平台在老年专科疾病理论知识培训中的应用

目的探索移动学习平台在老年科护士专科疾病理论知识培训中的应用效果。方法整群抽取老年科护士108名,按病房分为观察组58人和对照组50人。在专科疾病理论知识培训中,对照组采用传统集中理论授课教学法,观察组采用基于即刻学堂的移动学习平台进行教学。结果观察组护士专科理论考核成绩显著高于对照组(P0.01),对培训形式设置,获取知识的及时高效性,激发学习兴趣,促进知识掌握记忆,有效调动学习主动性,提高解决问题能力,培训时间安排合理性的满意度及继续参与培训的意愿显著高于对照组(均P0.01)。结论基于即刻学堂的移动学习平台打破了传统教学的时空束缚,改进了教与学的方式,促进了在职护士理论学习的积极性和效果提高,有利于在职护士掌握理论知识。     

Laparoendoscopic techniques for occult gastrointestinal bleeding

Up to 5% of gastrointestinal bleeds occur between the ligament of Treitz and the ileocecal valve. These patients present with occult bleeding and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Currently, an array of technology exists for diagnostic purposes, including upper and lower endoscopies, capsule endoscopy, nuclear scans, angiography, and intraoperative endoscopy. All of these modalities have advantages and disadvantages. However, the diagnostic gold standard for occult gastrointestinal bleeding does not exist. We present a case of an 18-year-old male with occult gastrointestinal bleeding to illustrate the variety of available modalities. Initially, the patient underwent upper, lower, and push endoscopies. Subsequently, he had a nuclear bleeding scan, video capsule endoscopy, and an angiogram. Ultimately, the patient had a diagnostic laparoscopy with mobilization of the terminal ileum and right colon. The bowel was exteriorized and an intraoperative endoscopy was performed through a small bowel enterotomy. Multiple arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were ascertained and resected. This case is presented in detail and the technique of intraoperative endscopy is reviewed. The diagnostic literature regarding AVMs is also reviewed.     

Tetrandrine and arsenic trioxide synergistically inhibit proliferation of HCC1937 triple negative breast cancer cells

Objective

To evaluate the effects of tetrandrine plus arsenic trioxide on HCC1937 cells, a triple negative breast cancer cell line, and to explore possible mechanisms.

磁共振胰胆管成像在胆总管结石方面的临床应用价值

目的 探讨磁共振胰胆管成像(MRCP)在胆石症病人中的临床应用价值。方法 通过对87例术前行MRCP检查的胆石症病人和66例术前未行MRCP检查的胆石症病人的对比研究，比较两组术后胆道残石的发生率和胆道阴性探查率。结果 发现在有胆道相对探查指征的病人中，术前MRCP检查的阴性率为23％，术后残石率为1．5％，胆道阴性探查率为0；而未行MRCP检查的胆石症病人的残石率为9．1％，胆道阴性探查率为18．2％。结论术前MRCP检查可降低胆道阴性探查率，避免不必要的胆道探查，还可降低胆道残石发生率。     

Efficacy of radical cystectomy plus adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin on locally advanced bladder cancer

Background Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the world; fewer than 15％ of transitional-cell carcinoma patients survive 2 years if left untreated.Although radical cystectomy is the standard treatment of choice,much of them relapse and the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy is still under debate.The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy （IAC） with gemcitabine and cisplatin （GC） on locally advanced bladder cancer.Methods This is a retrospective study on 60 patients with locally advanced bladder carcinoma who underwent radical cystectomy between May 2000 and June 2011.Patients were studied in two groups based on IAC and followed up for up to 5 years.Results Among 60 patients,there were 25 patients who underwent IAC （GC） after radical cystectomy （the IAC group） and 35 patients who underwent radical cystectomy alone （the control group）.Although not significant,the relapse rates were slightly reduced in the IAC group than in the control group.Patients with IAC had a reduction in mortality compared with patients without IAC over 5 years.Specifically,IAC significantly reduced about 82％ of mortality within the first year （hazard ratio=0.18,95％ Cl 0.03-0.97,P=-0.04）.Additionally,IAC was well tolerated and safe.The most common adverse effect was transient myelosuppression （10/25,40％）,which was resolved by various medical treatments.Conclusions Compared with radical cystectomy alone,radical cystectomy in combination with adjuvant IAC moderately but significantly reduces 1-year mortality.Our preliminary data showed only marginal benefit for the early survival.However,a randomized clinical study is needed to determine the long-term survival benefit.