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991.
Association of the progesterone receptor gene with breast cancer risk: a single-nucleotide polymorphism tagging approach. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Karen A Pooley Catherine S Healey Paula L Smith Paul D P Pharoah Deborah Thompson Louise Tee Judith West Clare Jordan Douglas F Easton Bruce A J Ponder Alison M Dunning 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2006,15(4):675-682
Association studies on susceptibility to breast cancer using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the progesterone receptor (PGR) gene have been previously published, but the results have been inconclusive. We used a comprehensive SNP-tagging approach to search for low-penetrance susceptibility alleles in a study of up to 4,647 cases and 4,564 controls, in a two-stage study design. We identified seven tagging SNPs using genotype data from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Environmental Genome Project and typed these, and an additional three SNPs, in 2,345 breast cancer cases and 2,284 controls (set 1). Three SNPs showed no evidence for association and were not studied further, whereas seven SNPs (rs11571171, rs7116336, rs660149, rs10895068, rs500760, rs566351, and rs1042838) exhibited significant associations at P < 0.1 using either a heterogeneity or trend test and progressed to be genotyped in set 2. After both stages, only one SNP was significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer - the PGR-12 (rs1042638) V660L valine to leucine polymorphism [VL heterozygotes (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.24) and the LL homozygotes (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.73), P(het) = 0.008, P(trend) = 0.002]. Similar estimates were obtained in a combined analysis of our data with those from three other published studies. We conclude that the 660L allele may be associated with a moderately increased risk of breast cancer, but that other common SNPs in the PGR gene are unlikely to be associated with a substantial risk of breast cancer. 相似文献
992.
The AIB1 polyglutamine repeat does not modify breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Amanda B Spurdle Antonis C Antoniou Livia Kelemen Helene Holland Susan Peock Margaret R Cook Paula L Smith Mark H Greene Jacques Simard Marie Plourde Melissa C Southey Andrew K Godwin Jeanne Beck Alexander Miron Mary B Daly Regina M Santella John L Hopper Esther M John Irene L Andrulis Francine Durocher Jeffery P Struewing Douglas F Easton Georgia Chenevix-Trench 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2006,15(1):76-79
This is by far the largest study of its kind to date, and further suggests that AIB1 does not play a substantial role in modifying the phenotype of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. The AIB1 gene encodes the AIB1/SRC-3 steroid hormone receptor coactivator, and amplification of the gene and/or protein occurs in breast and ovarian tumors. A CAG/CAA repeat length polymorphism encodes a stretch of 17 to 29 glutamines in the HR-interacting carboxyl-terminal region of the protein which is somatically unstable in tumor tissues and cell lines. There is conflicting evidence regarding the role of this polymorphism as a modifier of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. To further evaluate the evidence for an association between AIB1 glutamine repeat length and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we have genotyped this polymorphism in 1,090 BRCA1 and 661 BRCA2 mutation carriers from Australia, Europe, and North America. There was no evidence for an increased risk associated with AIB1 glutamine repeat length. Given the large sample size, with more than adequate power to detect previously reported effects, we conclude that the AIB1 glutamine repeat does not substantially modify risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. 相似文献
993.
Ana Paula Caresia Joan Castell-Conesa Montserrat Negre Antoni Mestre Gemma Cuberas Anabel Mañes Xavier Maldonado 《Clinical & translational oncology》2006,8(10):750-754
Introduction The aim of this study was to establish the value of thalium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (201Tl-SPECT) in the detection of recurrences in the follow-up of patients with treated primary neuroepithelial tumours.
Material and methods Sixty-three201Tl-SPECT were performed in 36 patients with glioma (12 males, mean age of 46±13 years). All patients underwent surgery and
adjuvant radiotherapy (and some of them received chemotherapy).
All patients were submitted to morphological neuroimaging techniques as well (and201 Tl-SPECT). Mean follow-up was 18.3±14.6 months.
Gold standard was based on clinical follow-up, therapeutical decisions (at least 4 months after201Tl-SPECT) and imaging features.
Results Sensitivity and specificity of201Tl-SPECT to detect glioma recurrences were 90% and 100% respectively and 93% accuracy. Sensitivity and specificity for high
grade tumours, were 100% respectively. Due to 4 false negatives, sensitivity and specificity for low grade gliomas were 78%
and 100%. In the positive201Tl-SPECT group of patients overall survival was 13.64% at the end of the study. The negative201Tl-SPECT group had 84.62% overall survival at the end of the study (p=0.0003).
Conclusions
201Tl-SPECT is a valuable and noninvasive diagnostic procedure to detect recurrence or progression disease for treated gliomas
and ependymomas.201Tl-SPECT has a good correlation with short term prognosis with excellent diagnostic accuracy. 相似文献
994.
Domestic violence is a dangerous and prevalent social problem affecting up to 4 million women and countless children annually. Shelters offer safety and an opportunity for change during the crisis of family violence. These individuals also have the potential for retraumatization if leadership within the program recapitulates the abuse and coercion felt at home. This article reviews three related trends through the lens of power and control—domestic violence policy and service, models of leadership, and the study of traumatic stress disorders and recovery—and describes their implications for modern shelter service delivery. 相似文献
995.
Denise J Jamieson Ann Duerr Robert Burk Robert S Klein Pangaja Paramsothy Paula Schuman Susan Cu-Uvin Keerti Shah 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》2002,186(1):21-27
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and the likelihood of human papillomavirus expression and Papanicolaou test abnormalities among women who have and who are at risk of having human immunodeficiency virus infection. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of 767 women who had human immunodeficiency virus infection and 390 women who were at risk of having human immunodeficiency virus infection in 4 cities in the United States. RESULTS: Women who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus were more likely than women who were not infected to have human papillomavirus infection (prevalence ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 2.0-2.8) but had similar human papillomavirus types. Among women who tested positive for human papillomavirus by polymerase chain reaction, human immunodeficiency virus infection was associated with a high level of human papillomavirus expression (prevalence ratio, 1.3-1.6) and multiple human papillomavirus infections (prevalence ratio, 1.9). However, among women with a high level of human papillomavirus expression or infection with multiple types, there was no association between human immunodeficiency virus serostatus and risk of cervical dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Through its association with a high level of expression and multiple human papillomavirus infections, human immunodeficiency virus infection may increase the risk of cervical dysplasia in women who are infected with human papillomavirus. 相似文献
996.
Human papillomavirus persistence and nutrients involved in the methylation pathway among a cohort of young women. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
997.
Andrew H Rotstein Robert N Gibson Paula M King 《Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology》2002,46(1):52-56
Doppler ultrasound grading of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis using the two parameters of spectral analysis and internal carotid to common carotid artery peak systolic velocity (ICA/CCA PSV) ratio is well established. The improvements in B‐Mode ultrasound image quality now make direct ultrasound NASCET‐style stenosis measurement possible. We demonstrate that longitudinal B‐mode imaging can produce accurate North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) style measurements which have good correlation with angiographic images. Ultrasound B‐mode stenosis measurement provides a third parameter which can be used in conjunction with the two Doppler parameters for the assessment of ICA stenosis. Taking the highest grade of stenosis of the three parameters produces a sensitivity of 100% for the detection of greater than 50% and greater than 80% stenosis with specificity of 66 and 90%, respectively. The performance of satisfactory B‐mode imaging against digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was very encouraging. When the B‐mode stenosis measurement showed a normal ICA, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the DSA being normal was 94%. When the B‐mode stenosis measurement was 35% or less, the PPV of the DSA stenosis being 35% or less was 93%. These excellent results support the use of good quality B‐Mode NASCET style stenosis measurement as the initial ultrasound measurement, with Doppler ultrasound only being performed when the B‐mode stenosis measurement is greater than 35% or if the B‐mode image is unsatisfactory. This approach would save considerable time enabling better utilization of ultrasound resources. 相似文献
998.
999.
1000.
Maria Regina Torloni Nelson Sass Jussara Leiko Sato Ana Carolina Pinheiro Renzi Maísa Fukuyama Paula Rubia de Lucca 《Revista paulista de medicina》2008,126(3):145-149
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Accurate fetal weight estimation is important for labor and delivery management. So far, there has not been any conclusive evidence to indicate that any technique for fetal weight estimation is superior to any other. Clinical formulas for fetal weight estimation are easy to use but have not been extensively studied in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of clinical formulas for fetal weight estimation compared to maternal and ultrasound estimates. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study involving 100 full-term, cephalic, singleton pregnancies delivered within three days of fetal weight estimation. The setting was a tertiary public teaching hospital in S?o Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Upon admission, the mother's opinion about fetal weight was recorded. Symphyseal-fundal height and abdominal girth were measured and two formulas were used to calculate fetal weight. An ultrasound scan was then performed by a specialist to estimate fetal weight. The four estimates were compared with the birth weight. The accuracy of the estimates was assessed by calculating the percentage that was within 10% of actual birth weight for each method. The chi-squared test was used for comparisons and p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The birth weight was correctly estimated (+/- 10%) in 59%, 57%, 61%, and 65% of the cases using the mother's estimate, two clinical formulas, and ultrasound estimate, respectively. The accuracy of the four methods did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION: Clinical formulas for fetal weight prediction are as accurate as maternal and ultrasound estimates. 相似文献