伊里扎诺夫技术修复兔胫骨骨缺损成骨机制的研究

目的探讨截骨推移区骨愈合的组织学特点和新骨形成规律。方法取青紫蓝兔24只,建立胫骨大段骨缺损模型,在近干骺端截骨。分别于截骨后第1、2、4、6、8、10周各处死4只兔,在近干骺端的分离区取材进行组织学观察。结果截骨后第1周出现血肿机化,第4周出现膜内成骨和软骨内成骨,第6周推移区大部分被骨性骨痂取代,第8周开始改建。结论推移区存在膜内成骨和软骨内成骨2种方式,以膜内成骨为主。     

SBHL诱导宫颈癌细胞株ME180凋亡的实验研究

目的 SBHL对人宫颈癌细胞的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法观察SBHL对ME180细胞增殖抑制、观察SBHL诱导ME180细胞凋亡。结果 MTT实验发现SBHL作用ME180细胞24小时后,细胞存活率明显下降,而且随着澳洲茄胺盐酸盐浓度的增加,抑制作用增强;流式细胞仪检测SBHL可引起ME180细胞阻滞于G1期,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构呈现典型的凋亡特征。结论 SBHL可抑制ME180细胞增殖并可诱导细胞发生凋亡。     

通识教育提升医药院校学生素质研究——基于人的全面发展的理念

通识教育是当今中国高等教育的一个热门话题,反映了人们对人才培养问题的广泛关注.在我国,一些因为交流导致的医疗纠纷,很大程度上是由于医药工作者重技能,缺综合学识所致.因此,将通识教育融入医药院校,对提升医药院校人才培养质量具有重要的作用.本文试图从通识教育的涵义出发,结合当前我国医药院校人才培养现状,谈谈如何将通识教育融入医药院校,培养厚基础、宽口径、文理交融的全面发展的高素质人才.     

肝硬化高同型半胱氨酸血症与MTHFR基因C667T多态性的关系

目的研究肝硬化血浆同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平及其与N5,N10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因多态性的关系.方法采用柱前衍生化-HPLC方法检测112例健康对照者、87例肝硬化患者血浆同型半胱氨酸的水平,用多聚酶链反应-限制性内切酶片断长度多态性技术(PCR-RFLP)检测其MTHFR基因C667T多态性.结果健康对照组平均血浆HCY浓度为(8.34±3.59)μmol/L,肝硬化组平均血浆HCY浓度为(21.71±4.85)μmol/L.与健康对照组相比,肝硬化组血浆HCY水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).PCR-RFLP检测结果发现MTHFR基因型有3种,即纯合子突变TT(+/+)型,杂合子突变TC(+/)型,正常CC(-/-)型.肝硬化组中+/+型、+/型和/-型频率分别为29.9%、52.9%、17.2%;健康对照组分别为19.6%、33.9%、46.4%,两组差异有统计学意义.肝硬化组MTHFR基因突变无论是纯合子还是杂合子突变基因型,其血浆HCY水平均明显高于正常基因型.结论高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是肝硬化的一个危险因素,血浆HCY水平可作为肝硬化的一个辅助诊断指标,MTHFR基因C667T多态性可能是肝硬化高同型半胱氨酸血症的易感基因之一.     

In whom and how to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

Glucocorticoid use is widespread in medicine. While it is often life-saving, side-effects are well known. The most common side-effect is osteoporosis. Today we have therapies with proven efficacy for the prevention of vertebral fractures and bone loss. Consequently recognition of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is extremely important given the availability of effective therapy.     

前置自适应统计迭代重建技术对体模肺纯磨玻璃结节图像质量及辐射剂量的影响

目的 分析高分辨率Revolution CT不同权重前置自适应统计迭代重建技术（Pre-ASiR-V）对仿真胸部体模中肺纯磨玻璃结节（pGGN）图像质量及辐射剂量的影响,以寻找最佳Pre-ASiR-V权重。方法 采用Revolution CT对含有4个pGGN的仿真胸部体模进行扫描,Pre-ASiR-V权重分别设置为0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%,记录并比较不同Pre-ASiR-V权重图像的平均噪声、有效辐射剂量（ED）和pGGN图像质量的主观评分。结果 Pre-ASiR-V权重为0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的图像平均噪声分别为（17.93±2.20） HU、（17.30±3.68） HU、（18.20±3.44） HU、（18.80±0.20） HU、（19.87±2.56） HU和（15.90±4.56） HU,差异无统计学意义（F=0.568,P=0.723）;ED分别为7.40 mSv、5.16 mSv、3.36 mSv、1.97 mSv、0.97 mSv和0.33 mSv,与Pre-ASiR-V为0的图像比较,随着Pre-ASiR-V升高,ED分别降低30.27%、54.59%、73.38%、86.89%、95.54%。2名医师对pGGN图像的主观评分一致性较好（Kappa=0.778,P=0.003）,评分均 ≥ 3分。Pre-ASiR-V权重为80%及100%时,图像的主观评分略低。结论 Pre-ASiR-V权重对仿真胸部体模高分辨率图像的噪声影响较小,但可显著降低辐射剂量;Pre-ASiR-V权重60%为最佳选择。     

子宫全切手术治疗子宫肌瘤126例临床分析

目的：比较经腹与经阴道子宫全切术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法将该院于2011年5月—2014年5月收治的126例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为两组,观察组选用经子宫全切治疗,对照组选用经腹子宫全切术治疗,观察并比较两组患者各手术指标以及术后并发症情况。结果观察组各手术指标以及术后恢复指标均明显低于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经阴道子宫全切术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效好,具备微创手术特点,能有效减少术中出血量等指标,患者术后恢复速度较快,值得在临床上予以推广。     

Pattern of sensitization to honeybee venom in beekeepers: a 5-year prospective study.

Beekeepers are at increased risk for honeybee (Hb) venom allergy and they represent a unique population for Hymenoptera venom studies. The aim of this was to prospectively examine the pattern of Hb venom sensitization over a 5-year period in new beekeepers and define possible predisposing factors. Thirty-five beekeepers were tested every 6 months for 5 years with in vivo and in vitro methods to detect the possible development of sensitization to Hb and common wasp (Cw) venom. Inclusion criteria included the lack of previous beekeeping activity and absence of sensitization or reported reaction to Hymenoptera stings. Subjects with both in vivo and in vitro tests that were definitely positive or with one definitely positive and the other doubtful were considered sensitized. Ten of 35 new beekeepers (28.6%) and 3 of 36 controls (8.3%) developed sensitivity to Hb venom during the 5-year period. The risk ratio in incidence studies was calculated at 3.43 (SE of log risk ratio = 0.61; 95% CI of risk ratio = 1.03-11.42). All sensitized beekeepers were detected within the first 18 months of occupational exposure; 8 of 10 (80%) beekeepers were detected during the initial 12 months and the 2 remaining beekeepers were detected between 12 and 18 months. One of 35 (2.9%) beekeepers and 1 of 36 controls (2.8%) were sensitized to Cw venom. The number of stings per year and atopy had no effect on sensitization rate. Although predisposing factors to sensitization or anaphylaxis could not be identified, beekeepers developed sensitization to bee venom in <18 months.     

Assessing the delivery of neutrophils to tissues in neutropenia

Studies of neutrophil kinetics in neutropenic individuals, as well as clinical observations of variability in the occurrence of infection among patients with neutropenia, have suggested that blood neutrophil counts may not uniformly reflect the effective delivery of neutrophils to extravascular tissues where the cells perform their principal host defense functions. To evaluate this possibility we developed a sensitive, reproducible method of measuring the extravascular delivery of neutrophils to a normal mucosal site of neutrophil turnover. This method is based upon the quantification of neutrophils recoverable from saline mouth wash specimens. Twenty-five mL specimens, obtained in a controlled manner from neutropenic patients and normal subjects, were centrifuged and the sediments resuspended in 1.0 mL Hank's buffer with 2 micrograms acridine orange, incubated at 37 degrees C for 15 minutes, and then examined in a hemocytometer chamber by fluorescence microscopy. Neutrophils could be clearly distinguished by their characteristic fluorescence and were counted. With this method as few as 1,500 neutrophils were detected reliably in mouth wash specimens. Mucosal neutrophil counts varied less than 10% with repeated sampling of individual subjects over 5-day periods and were consistently greater than 1.3 X 10(5)/specimen in non-neutropenic individuals. Although profound neutropenia was generally reflected by lower than normal oral mucosal neutrophil counts, these counts were significantly higher in individuals with chronic severe neutropenia (blood neutrophils less than 300/mm3) than in patients with acute neutropenia of comparable severity that had developed following chemotherapy. Also, in individuals recovering from profound neutropenia, neutrophils usually reappeared earlier in mouth wash specimens than in blood, and oral mucosal neutrophil counts attained recovery levels more rapidly than did blood counts. This phenomenon was particularly evident in an individual with cyclic neutropenia. Moreover, mucosal neutrophils could occasionally be detected in profoundly neutropenic patients when neutrophils were not present in blood samples. These findings indicate that mucosal neutrophil counts in individuals with neutropenia provide information about the delivery of neutrophils to tissues that may not be apparent from blood neutrophil counts alone.