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21.
I Milsom K Andersson B Andersch G Rybo 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》1991,164(3):879-883
Treatment with flurbiprofen (100 mg twice a day for 5 days), tranexamic acid (1.5 gm three times a day for 3 days and 1 gm twice a day for another 2 days), and an intrauterine contraceptive device releasing 20 micrograms levonorgestrel per day was compared in women with idiopathic menorrhagia. The menstrual blood loss during two control periods in 15 women subsequently treated with flurbiprofen and tranexamic acid was 295 +/- 52 ml and 203 +/- 25.2 ml in the 16 women later fitted with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device. Menstrual blood loss was reduced by all three forms of treatment. The reduction in menstrual blood loss expressed as a percentage of the mean of two control cycles for each form of treatment was as follows: flurbiprofen, 20.7% +/- 9.9%; tranexamic acid, 44.4% +/- 8.3%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 3 months, 81.6% +/- 4.5%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 6 months, 88.0% +/- 3.1%; levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device after 12 months, 95.8% +/- 1.2%. The reduction in menstrual blood loss achieved by the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device was greater than that recorded with flurbiprofen (p less than 0.001) and tranexamic acid (p less than 0.01), and was greater for tranexamic acid when compared with flurbiprofen (p less than 0.05). The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device was the only form of treatment to reduce mean menstrual blood loss below 80 ml per menstruation, the upper limit of normal menstrual blood loss. 相似文献
22.
Annalena Andersson Jonas Akeson Lars B Dahlin 《Nordisk plastikkirurgisk forening [and] Nordisk klubb for handkirurgi》2006,40(4):225-229
An axillary brachial plexus nerve block by a transarterial approach is commonly used to achieve regional anaesthesia for hand surgery. We designed a retrospective study to evaluate efficacy and safety of the technique for acute and elective operations. Anaesthetic records of 189 of all 5520 patients (1996-2000) who had axillary brachial plexus blocks for hand surgery were reviewed, and results compared with complications recorded in the anaesthetic register and in the hand surgery records. Successful axillary block was achieved in 5128/5520 (93%) of patients, according to anaesthetic charts, and primarily in 157/189 (83%), and after supplementation in 171/189 (90%), according to anaesthetic records. Four patients had a toxic drug reaction or axillary haematoma with a transient neurological deficit. Medical complications were recorded in the anaesthetic register in less than 0.7% of axillary brachial plexus procedures. Axillary brachial plexus block by a transarterial approach is effective and safe in hand surgery. 相似文献
23.
Kann Holmén RN Doctoral Student Kjerstin Ericsson RN PhD Researcher Lars Andersson DMSc Associate Professor Bengt Winblad MD Professor 《Journal of advanced nursing》1992,17(1):43-51
The purpose was to investigate experienced loneliness among the elderly. The material included 1725 people, aged 75 and over. The study describes relationships between loneliness, social network, cognitive function and health. Thirty-five per cent experienced loneliness, and a higher percentage was found among women. A gradual increase in loneliness was found up to the age of 90, after which a levelling was found. Elderly persons living together with a partner experienced less loneliness. There were no significant differences between those with and without children. Ten per cent reported not having any friends and, of these, one out of two experienced loneliness. A high frequency of experienced loneliness was found among elderly people with reduced cognitive function. Subjectively experienced bad health and loneliness were strongly related to each other, i.e. a person who experienced loneliness did usually not feel completely healthy. 相似文献
24.
The relationship of low-back pain, work history, work environment, and stress. A retrospective cross-sectional study of 38- to 64-year-old women 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The association between low-back pain (LBP) and different work factors was investigated in a retrospective cross-sectional study of a random sample of 1,760 38- to 64-year-old women. The life-time incidence of LBP was 66% and the prevalence was 35%. In a univariate analysis, eight work variables correlated to LBP viz. more forward bending, more lifting, more standing, more monotonous work, dissatisfaction with the work tasks, dissatisfaction with the work environment, a higher degree of worry, and fatigue at the end of the work day. In a covariate analysis, however, only the three psychological variables remained directly associated to LBP viz. dissatisfaction with the work environment, a higher degree of worry, and fatigue at the end of the work day. 相似文献
25.
B C Elson D M Ikeda I Andersson C Wattsg?rd 《AJR. American journal of roentgenology》1992,158(5):993-995
The mammographic features of fibrosarcoma of the breast, a rare malignant tumor, have not been described. Accordingly, we reviewed the mammograms, pathology reports, and medical records of five women with this tumor. All cases had surgical biopsies and a diagnosis made by histologic evaluation. The age of the patients ranged from 48 to 79 years. Histologically, three of the five fibrosarcomas were thought to have arisen from phyllodes tumor, and four were palpable. On mammograms, the tumors were dense masses with largely indistinct margins, ranging from 1.5 to 7.0 cm in diameter. One contained calcified osseous elements suggesting osseous trabeculae. Although the osseous trabeculae in that tumor strongly suggested sarcoma, most of the tumors had a nonspecific appearance on mammograms. Fibrosarcomas of the breast have a nonspecific mammographic appearance. Surgical biopsy and histologic evaluation are necessary for definitive diagnosis. 相似文献
26.
B R Widgren T Hedner J Hedner G Berglund J Wikstrand O K Andersson 《Journal of hypertension》1991,9(2):139-146
Normotensive young men (36 +/- 5 years old) with positive family histories of hypertension (n = 11) and age-matched controls (n = 21) with negative family histories of hypertension were examined. The control group was divided into one group matched for body mass index with those subjects with positive family histories (n = 10) and one group with normal body mass index (n = 11). Blood pressure, central venous pressure (CVP), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and serum aldosterone were examined at a baseline and during an acute volume load with 1000 ml saline solution. Subjects with positive family histories and controls matched for body mass index had a higher blood pressure at baseline than controls with normal body mass index. CVP and serum aldosterone did not differ between the three groups, while sodium intake and plasma concentrations of ANP were significantly higher in subjects with positive family histories. During volume loading, CVP increased significantly more in subjects with positive family histories as compared with the two control groups. A blunted response to ANP was observed during volume loading in subjects with positive family histories, while subjects in the two control groups demonstrated comparable and significant increases in circulating ANP. Serum aldosterone, however, decreased during volume loading in all three groups, with no difference between the groups. We conclude that normotensive subjects with positive family histories are characterized by increased basal concentrations of ANP and exhibit a blunted response to an acute volume load.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
27.
H Gilljam O Andersson A Ellin B Robertson B Strandvik 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》1988,176(1):29-37
Bronchial secretions from seven patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) were aspirated by fibreoptic bronchoscopy and analysed for lipid composition. The total lipid fraction was also used to measure dynamic surface tension. Pooled samples from 'normal' patients, healthy volunteers, patients with chronic bronchitis, and individual samples from two patients with bronchiectasis were used as controls. Increased bronchial inflammation and infection correlated with a decrease of the phospholipid fraction, and an increase of the cholesterol, diglyceride and triglyceride fractions. When individual phospholipids were analysed, patients with clinically severe CF showed a markedly decreased phosphatidylcholine fraction, whereas the phosphatidylinositol fraction was significantly higher in CF patients than in controls (p less than 0.05). Minimum surface tension was higher in CF patients compared to patients with chronic bronchitis (p less than 0.05). This might be related to earlier reported specific changes in the pattern of fatty acids of the CF bronchial phospholipids. 相似文献
28.
BACKGROUND: Carbon monoxide (CO) has emerged as an endogenously produced gaseous mediator known to be involved in bronchial smooth muscle regulation. Increased amounts of CO have been found in exhaled air during asthma and lower airway inflammation. Recently CO has been shown to be produced in the nasal airways, but there are no reports of altered CO levels in nasal airways during inflammation. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate if CO levels increase in the human nasal airways during inflammatory conditions, such as allergy and upper airway respiratory tract infection (URTI). METHODS: CO was sampled separately from the upper and lower airways of 13 healthy control subjects, six patients with a history of allergic rhinitis and six patients with URTI. RESULTS: Nasal CO levels were increased in subjects with allergic rhinitis, compared to healthy controls (2.07 +/- 0.15 ppm, n = 6 and 1.62 +/- 0.08 ppm, n = 13, respectively, P < 0.01). CO levels were also increased in patients with URTI, compared to the same controls (1.92 +/- 0.09 ppm, n = 6, P < 0.05). Normal levels of CO were found in air from the lower airways among subjects with allergic rhinitis, whereas corresponding levels in the URTI patients were increased. CONCLUSION: The present data demonstrates that upper airway CO levels increase in parallel with different inflammatory stimuli, such as allergy and infection, suggesting a role for CO as marker or mediator of nasal inflammation. 相似文献
29.
Neil Andersson 《AIDS research and therapy》2006,3(1):23-3
With the exception of post-exposure prophylaxis for reported rape, no preventive strategy addresses the choice disabled –
those who might like to benefit from AIDS prevention but who are unable to do so because they do not have the power to make
and to act on prevention decisions. In southern African countries, where one in every three has been forced to have sex by
the age of 18 years, a very large proportion of the population is choice disabled. This group is at higher risk of HIV infection
and unable to respond to AIDS prevention programmes; they represent a reservoir of infection. Reduction of sexual violence
would probably decrease HIV transmission directly, but also indirectly as more people can respond to existing AIDS prevention
programmes. 相似文献
30.
Disposition and pharmacokinetics of [14C]finasteride after oral administration in humans. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J R Carlin P H?glund L O Eriksson P Christofalo S L Gregoire A M Taylor K E Andersson 《Drug metabolism and disposition》1992,20(2):148-155
The disposition of [14C]finasteride, a competitive inhibitor of steroid 5 alpha-reductase, was investigated after oral administration of 38.1 mg (18.4 microCi) of drug in six healthy volunteers. Plasma, urine, and feces were collected for 7 days and assayed for total radioactivity. Concentrations of finasteride and its neutral metabolite, omega-hydroxyfinasteride (monohydroxylated on the t-butyl side chain), in plasma and urine were determined by HPLC assay. Mean excretion of radioactivity equivalents in urine and feces equaled 39.1 +/- 4.7% and 56.8 +/- 5.0% of the dose, respectively. The mean peak plasma concentrations reached for total radioactivity (ng equivalents), finasteride, and omega-hydroxyfinasteride were 596.5 +/- 88.3, 313.8 +/- 99.4, and 73.7 +/- 11.8 ng/ml, respectively, at approximately 2 hr; the mean terminal half-life for drug and metabolite was 5.9 +/- 1.3 and 8.4 +/- 1.7 hr, respectively. Of the 24-hr plasma radioactivity, 40.9% was finasteride, 11.8% was the neutral metabolite, and 26.7% was characterized as an acidic fraction of radioactivity. Binding of [14C]finasteride to plasma protein was extensive (91.3 to 89.8%), with a trend suggesting concentration dependency (range 0.02 to 2 micrograms/ml). Little of the dose was excreted in urine as parent (0.04%) or omega-hydroxyfinasteride (0.4%). Urinary excretion of radioactivity was largely in the form of acidic metabolite(s)--18.4 +/- 1.7% of the dose was eliminated as the omega-monocarboxylic acid metabolite. Finasteride was scarcely excreted unchanged in feces. In humans, finasteride is extensively metabolized through oxidative pathways.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献