Facile fabrication of hollow tubular covalent organic frameworks using decomposable monomer as building block

In this study, a commercial and low-toxicity hydrazide-containing building block has been used to construct azine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs). New style COFs were constructed between flexible formic hydrazide (FH) and 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinal (Tp) or 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (TFB). The two resulting COFs (TpFH and TFBFH) exhibited uniform hollow tubular morphology (20–50 nm for TpFH, 50–100 nm for TFBFH). Compared to hydrazine, FH has low-toxicity and is a flexible monomer, consisting of amine and aldehyde groups. The decomposition of FH slows down the reaction rate and the as-synthesized FH-series COFs (708 m² g⁻¹ for TpFH and 888 m² g⁻¹ for TFBFH) had higher specific surface area than hydrazine-series COFs (617 m² g⁻¹ for TpAzine and 472 m² g⁻¹ for TFBAzine). A detailed time-dependent investigation was carried out to interpret the mechanism of hollow structure formation, and Ostwald ripening possibly happens during the formation of hollow COF microstructures. Considering the porous and high density N, O elements of these materials, preliminary applications of the metal ions removal from aqueous solution and gas storage were implemented.

In this study, an efficient and green strategy has been used to synthesize chemically stable COFs with a hollow microtubular structure using decomposition aldehyde-containing monomer, and high affinities toward metal ions or gas molecules.     

Effects of ZIF-8 MOFs on structure and function of blood components

ZIF-8 MOFs, with their large specific surface area and void volume, unique biodegradability and pH sensitivity, and significant loading capacity, have been widely used as carrier materials for bioactive molecules such as drugs, vaccines and genes. In these applications, ZIF-8 MOFs are usually delivered intravenously. Therefore, it is necessary to know the interaction between ZIF-8 MOFs and blood components, which from this sense is a key factor affecting their delivery effectiveness and biosafety. However, until now there has been no report on the evaluation of hemocompatibility of ZIF-8 MOFs. The lack of biosafety information of ZIF-8 MOFs seriously impedes their clinical applications. In this work, we studied the biosafety of two different sizes of ZIF-8 MOFs, mainly focusing on their in vivo and in vitro effects on the key components of blood (red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, etc.) and the coagulation function. It was found that, in vitro, a high concentration of ZIF-8 MOFs could induce RBC aggregation and hemolysis, and prolong the coagulation time. In vivo, intravenous administration of 45 mg kg⁻¹ ZIF-8 MOFs significantly disturbed the RBC and platelet-related blood routine indexes, as well as coagulation function indexes, but it did not cause significant abnormalities in blood coagulation and tissue structures (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney).

ZIF-8 MOFs, with their large specific surface area and void volume, unique biodegradability and pH sensitivity, and significant loading capacity, have been widely used as carrier materials for bioactive molecules such as drugs, vaccines and genes.     

应用临床路径对住院脑梗塞病人实施健康教育

目的为提高健康教育质量,使健康教育达到最佳教育效果,以满足病人对健康知识的需求.方法将2003年3月～2004年3月122例住院脑梗塞病人随机分为两组,实验组采用健康教育路径进行健康教育,对照组采用传统方法进行健康教育.结果实验组接受健康教育后对护理质量满意度及健康知识掌握与对照组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论应用临床路径进行健康教育是一种行之有效的工作方式,可使患者全面、系统、有效掌握健康知识,提高患者生活质量.     

Combined strategy of knowledge‐based rule selection and historical data percentile‐based range determination to improve an autoverification system for clinical chemistry test results

BackgroundCurrent autoverification, which is only knowledge‐based, has low efficiency. Regular historical data analysis may improve autoverification range determination. We attempted to enhance autoverification by selecting autoverification rules by knowledge and ranges from historical data. This new system was compared with the original knowledge‐based system.MethodsNew types of rules, extreme values, and consistency checks were added and the autoverification workflow was rearranged to construct a framework. Criteria for creating rules for extreme value ranges, limit checks, consistency checks, and delta checks were determined by analyzing historical Zhongshan laboratory data. The new system''s effectiveness was evaluated using pooled data from 20 centers. Efficiency improvement was assessed by a multicenter process.ResultsEffectiveness was evaluated by the true positive rate, true negative rate, and overall consistency rate, as compared to manual verification, which were 77.55%, 78.53%, and 78.3%, respectively for the new system. The original overall consistency rate was 56.2%. The new pass rates, indicating efficiency, were increased by 19%‒51% among hospitals. Further customization using individualized data increased this rate.ConclusionsThe improved system showed a comparable effectiveness and markedly increased efficiency. This transferable system could be further improved and popularized by utilizing historical data from each hospital.     

Effect of rifampin and itraconazole on the pharmacokinetics of zanubrutinib (a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in Asian and non-Asian healthy subjects

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - Zanubrutinib (BGB-3111) is a potent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor with promising clinical activity in B-cell malignancies. Zanubrutinib was shown...     

Probing the Reaction Mechanisms of 3,5-Difluoro-2,4,6-Trinitroanisole (DFTNAN) through a Comparative Study with Trinitroanisole (TNAN)

To probe the thermal decomposition mechanisms of a novel fluorinated low-melting-point explosive 3,5-difluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole (DFTNAN), a comparative study with trinitroanisole (TNAN) was performed under different heating conditions. The thermal decomposition processes and initial reactions were monitored by DSC-TG-FTIR-MS and T-jump-PyGC-MS coupling analyses, respectively. The results show that fluorine decreased the thermal stability of the molecular structure, and the trigger bond was transferred from the ortho-nitro group of the ether to the para-nitro group. The possible reaction pathway of DFTNAN after the initial bond breakage is the rupture of the dissociative nitro group with massive heat release, which induces the ring opening of benzene. Major side reactions include the generation of polycyclic compounds and fluorine atom migration. Fluorine affects the thermal stability and changes the reaction pathway, and fluorinated products appear in the form of fluorocarbons due to the high stability of the C-F bond.     

活血化瘀法治疗老年人难治性高血压临床观察

[目的]探讨中药活血化瘀法治疗老年人难治性高血压的临床疗效。[方法]通过对使用西药治疗难治性高血压效果欠佳的老年患者,结合中药活血化瘀辨证治疗,观察疗效。[结果]中西医结合治疗在血压下降幅度、理想降压率等方面取得良好效果,能更有效地降血压。[结论]中药活血化瘀法治疗老年人难治性高血压有良好的效果。     

真菌抗氧化酶的研究进展

真菌对抗宿主的氧化损伤作用是真菌能顺利入侵宿主的一个重要因素。抗氧化酶的调节是真菌发挥抗氧化作用的重要途径之一,也是目前研究的热点。其中,抗氧化酶包括过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、硫氧还蛋白系统以及海藻糖酶系统。几种常见真菌的抗氧化酶及编码抗氧化酶的相关基因的研究取得了进展,包括编码过氧化氢酶的相关基因如CTT1、CATA;编码超氧化物歧化酶的SOD基因;谷胱甘肽系统相关的GRX、GST基因;编码硫氧还蛋白系统的TRX、TRR基因以及海藻糖系统相关的TPS、ATH1基因等。