福建省469例健康咨询热线电话记录分析

目的了解福建省接受健康咨询热线的主要对象的特征以及求询的主要内容,为今后开展健康教育和行为干预提供依据。方法选取2004年1月至2005年2月接受电话咨询者469例资料进行分析,按咨询内容(性病艾滋病、寻医问药、生殖生育和心理卫生)进行分类整理,数据采用SPSS 11.5统计软件包进行统计分析。结果求询者中,男性占66.74%,女性占33.26%;年龄以29岁以下青年人居多,占49.89%;职业以工人(打工族)居首位,占48.83%;文化程度主要是初中以下人员,占60.77%;咨询内容涉及性病艾滋病问题最多,占45.42%。结论本热线求询者以男性中青年为主,大部分文化程度偏低,且多数有高危行为。利用咨询热线,对求询者进行心理、行为等健康教育具有积极意义。     

医学生自杀态度及影响因素调查

目的了解医学生的自杀态度以及影响因素，为自杀预防的健康教育工作提供资料。方法以整群抽样方法抽取某医科大学一年级、三年级本科学生，应用自杀态度问卷（QSA）进行调查。结果医学生对自杀总的态度（F）、对自杀性质的认识（F1）持矛盾或中立的态度，对自杀者（F2）、自杀者家属（F3）以及安乐死（F4）持理解或宽容的态度。65．9％的医学生表示需要预防自杀的知识和技巧。结论对医学生进行系统的自杀干预知识和技巧的培训是很有必要的。     

公共娱乐场所服务小姐预防艾滋病健康教育的效果评价

目的探讨对娱乐场所服务小姐的健康教育方法和行为干预模式,为在该特殊人群中实施有效的健康教育提供依据。方法对重庆市北碚区200名娱乐场所服务小姐进行有关艾滋病防治的健康教育。采用问卷调查的方法,在教育前后分别进行问卷调查。结果健康教育后服务小姐有关艾滋病知识的知晓率明显提高,传播途径的知晓率从65.3%上升至91.8%,当前预防艾滋病的主要措施的知晓率从68.9%上升至91.3%,日常生活接触不会传染艾滋病病毒的知晓率从69.9%上升至88.3%(P<0.01)。有商业性性行为者,最近一次使用安全套的比例从教育前的65.8%上升到86.2%(P<0.01)。结论对服务小姐进行多种形式的健康教育,可以提高该人群艾滋病预防控制知识和有效改善相关行为。     

氟比洛芬酯脂微球注射液对38例癌症疼痛镇痛效果的临床观察

目的：观察氟比洛芬酯脂微球载体注射液（商品名凯纷）治疗癌痛的疗效和副作用。方法：38例未使用阿片类药物的中重度癌性疼痛患者每天静脉注射50mg/5ml氟比洛芬酯脂微球载体注射液．分别就其疗效、生活质量改善情况以及不良反应等方面进行评价。结果：氟比洛芬酯脂微球载体注射液治疗中重度癌痛的有效率为71．05％．生活质量改善情况治疗前后有显著差异（P〈0．05）。但未见一般非甾体类药物常见腹痛、消化道出血等副作用；也未见便秘、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡等阿片类药物常见不良反应。结论：氟比洛芬酯脂微球载体注射液治疗中重度癌痛疗效可靠．生活质量可得到改善．但氟比洛芬酯脂微球载体注射液不良反应发生率较低，可部分作为临床候选药品或口服吗啡替代药。     

香菇多糖联合抗生素治疗恶性肿瘤围化疗期肺部感染120例临床观察

目的：本文观察香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗的增效作用。方法：120例围化疗期发生肺部感染恶性肿瘤患者在接受抗生素治疗的同时，随机分成加用香菇多糖针和不加香菇多糖针静脉滴注两组。每组各60例。结果：接受抗生素及香菇多糖联合治疗的患者的有效率显著提高（P〈0．05）．临床症状、体征与X光胸部片改善时间大幅缩短。结论：香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗有明显增效作用。     

性病诊治中护患关系的伦理学探讨

探讨影响性病诊治中护患关系的伦理学因素,并提出相应的护理对策,以期建立和谐的新型护患关系.护理道德义务、保护性病患者个人隐私、护士的职业进取心、性病患者的疾病知情权等因素是当前影响性病诊疗中护患关系的主要伦理学因素;因此,加强护士的职业道德教育、尊重患者的人格和隐私权、提高自身护理专业水平、普及健康教育等伦理学措施有助于改善护患关系,最终规范性病的诊疗.     

Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid are altered, but recover at different times during hepatic regeneration in rats.

Hepatic regeneration is very critical to the success of living donor liver transplantation, which allows a reduced size liver to grow in size to accommodate the requirements of both the donor and the recipient. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 1) the hepatic metabolism of the two immunosuppressive drugs, tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (MPA), and 2) the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid at various time points after initiation of hepatic regeneration by partial hepatectomy in rats. The hepatic intrinsic clearance of tacrolimus was decreased to 70% and 51% of the control level at the 24th h and the 6th day, respectively, but returned to normal level by day 14. The total body clearance of tacrolimus was reduced transiently but recovered completely by day 18. The hepatic intrinsic clearance of MPA was decreased to 52% and 51% of that in control rats at the 24th h and the 6th day, respectively, but recovered to normal level by day 14. The total body clearance of MPA was reduced at the 24th h but recovered by day 6. The magnitude of reduction in the clearance of tacrolimus and MPA was much smaller than what was predicted from in vitro data. The elimination clearance of MPA glucuronide was also impaired during hepatic regeneration but recovered to normal level with time. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid were altered during hepatic regeneration but recovered completely at different rates over time. Caution must be exercised in extrapolating in vitro data to in vivo conditions during hepatic regeneration.     

波依定与洛汀新治疗不同中医证型高血压疗效比较

目的:观察波依定与洛汀新对不同中医证型高血压的疗效是否具有中草药的某些特征,能否按中医辨证选择抗高血压药.方法:按照WHO的标准明确高血压诊断与分级,根据<中药新药临床研究指导原则>分为4型.216例患者随机分为两组,分别给予波依定与洛汀新治疗,疗程4周.分析对总体血压和不同证型血压的影响,以及对不同症状的疗效有无差异.结果:两种药物降低患者总体血压的幅度基本相同;但分层研究,对4种中医证型患者的血压的降低程度明显不同,洛汀新对肝火亢盛型血压降低幅度更明显,波依定对痰湿壅盛型比其它三型降压更好;对阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型两组之间差异无显著性.对各种证型症状的改善作用也显示同样的结果.结论:抗高血压药对不同中医证型高血压的疗效不同,表明西药也同样具有中草药的某些特性,可以根据中医辨证选择抗高血压药.     

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura: clinical, radiological, surgical and pathological evaluation.

AIMS: To report a clinicopathological series of cases of solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura from Taiwan. METHODS: Clinical data was collected from a review of medical records and telephone interviewing for follow-up. RESULTS: Eight patients, three men and five women aging from 34 to 71 years, underwent tumor resection and were followed in a period from 7 months to 13.5 years. Six patients underwent standard thoracotomy and two had VATS for tumor excision. Tumors were pathologically benign in seven patients and malignant in one. Patients were all alive with no evidence of tumor recurrence at the time of this report. CONCLUSIONS: One should always consider SFTPs as potentially malignant tumors. Complete resection remains the mainstay of cure. Standard thoracotomy should always be considered when a high suspicion of malignancy is raised, whereas VATS may be a preferred approach for smaller tumors.     

AIF重组质粒的构建、表达和功能的研究

目的构建人凋亡诱导因子(AIF)基因功能片段的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( )AIF,并初步研究AIF在细胞凋亡中的作用。方法从人细胞中提取总RNA,RTPCR扩增AIF基因片段;克隆到pMD18T载体上,通过酶切和测序进行鉴定;将AIF基因片段插入pcDNA3.1( ),构建真核表达载体;电转化淋巴母细胞Raji细胞,观察AIF的表达水平和功能。结果成熟AIF蛋白分子在真核细胞中表达,并转移到细胞核中,诱导Caspase非依赖性细胞凋亡。结论成功构建了pcDNA3.1( )AIF真核表达载体,AIF在Caspase非依赖性细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。